ÿWPCG 7Y:j( Ü\#Ä8ƒOAع¨g$QG Í‘$¾¢¬ÇwÝ\¯2ã%†ÄQycßpEgïnIÜáË3ß9à|ø×‘b*¦ºp÷9wèša” Pµ³‰ÅOX*²Ifêfºü0‰±÷BhQ§UóLUóЉçGoGŠr›L€ê9(ÊzA{Ñ‘"”ÿ¹G°¢àî²ùŽC›Ä|-$½—(ËÑÔhIÓ3}f?ùÎíS¼ñô„ ꩯå툰\™ªºkä‹lÑöa[ºt¨¶0Ît¯+Hƒ3É~ûÉû?£Ï Æy>Õ8 ’ŽõˆùÅ $ÛK°l ñ}’;+˜º¨÷S®e’É@"Þ ‹ÌGìaÅ ™‘}³[@¿ g\TÍ0$Öy+‘âú˜ÑD¬%4¾Ã ðpJ ¥÷þ m3x–_]ŘšIÔeXë—2"‰3•#°OùŒ&¾`[=°àšÆ¨ù=Q@ž‹7HA‘$‚A9žPG’Æ{lÝ\à 7ÊN @æs¥®£ƒ›¡¥`úKÀƘð’“g¡?&Ë(IM¤ÔþÖÍÞÿCÈQ?”EÛvš/NýG#èñ†þ Ú7·ª]¡ÿkÂü=SC€¯©pÉIÔ q¿™b#Á\ % ^ # 0ˆ/ UN· w 4 z Ò— i x mz 1‘ Æ Æä ƪ Æp 726Nh 1uj 72ßE 0 c 0wv 1í 72zzN¬ 0D®U@ò222222222222222b:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 0ëBBBB B-- 0¤J D5î D-# 0KPP AS›Æî 0¤´ 0DX A«œ˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL 6ÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0»[ºC-s (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman RegularüPH,˜C5¢ `¥¤ ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ0¦åCEMU]emu}AutoList1(1)(a)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)(1)Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 (1)3#37=CIQYag­­1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)i)(;3£$´´Ô2#ÔÚ  Ú0Ú  Ú.Ô3  Ôà0  à(Oé;$µµà0  àÔ2#ÔÚ  ÚaÚ  Ú.Ô3  Ôà0` (#(#à(ç CEMU]emu}AutoList2(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(ÈhH  Z(Times New Roman  - ù-(|G2rë$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ie»»dXXdì8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ôê]ò»»Ô d(|3IX$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ie»»dXXdì8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3IX$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ie»»dXXdì8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ie»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼Ie»»»ÔÑ8€ÉXXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îDÔIeÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#†¼Ie»îîDÔ #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€July€17,€2002Ð üL ÐÔ‡XÉX»¼IeÔÌò òÔ#†¼Ie»XXÉ#ÔòòóóROBERT€Ô_ÔSPOONERÔ_Ô€v.€STATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóóÔ‡XÉX»¼IeÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òAppeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Wayne€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€12613€€€€€€Robert€Holloway,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2001„02356„CCA„R3„CO€„€Filed€September€27,€Ô_Ô2002Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÔ‡XÉXXXÉÔRobert€Ô_ÔSpoonerÔ_Ô€appeals€from€the€Wayne€County€Circuit€Courtððs€denial€of€his€petition€for€the€writÐ xÈ  Ðof€òòhabeas€corpusóó.€€The€petition€was€filed€in€an€effort€to€avoid€Ô_ÔSpoonerÔ_Ôððs€extradition€to€the€state€ofÐ d´ ÐAlabama,€where€he€is€charged€with€having€violated€his€probation€on€a€conviction€of€receiving€stolenÐ P  Ðproperty.€€Because€the€lower€court€properly€denied€the€petition,€we€affirm.Ô#†XÉXXXÉÝ#ÔÔ#†¼Ie»XXÉ´#ÔÔ‡XÉX»¼IeÔÐ <Œ ÐÓÑÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€Affirmed.ó óÐ d ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼Ie»àXÉ@#ÔÔ‡XÉX.¼IeÔJames€Ô_ÔCurwoodÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔWittÔ_Ô,€Jr.,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòThomas€T.€Ô_ÔWoodallÔ_ÔóóÐ ì< Ðand€òòAlan€E.€Glenn,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð Ø( ÐÌWilliam€L.€Ô_ÔEledgeÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔLawrenceburgÔ_Ô,€Tennessee,€for€the€Appellant,€Robert€Ô_ÔSpoonerÔ_Ô.Ð ° ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€&€Reporter;€Jennifer€L.€Ô_ÔBledsoeÔ_Ô,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€Ð ˆØ ÐT.€Michel€Bottoms,€District€Attorney€General;€and€J.€Douglas€Ô_ÔDicusÔ_Ô,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ tÄ ÐGeneral,€for€the€Appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð `° ÐÓßÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼Ie»XXÉ#ÔÔ‡XÉX»¼IeÔÐ 8!ˆ  ÐòòóóÔ#†¼Ie»XXÉà #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XÉX»¼IeÔà0  àÔ‡XÉXXXÉÔÐ (#(# Ðà  àà ` àIt€appears€from€the€record€that€Robert€Ô_ÔSpoonerÔ_Ô€was€convicted€of€receiving€stolenÐ #`" Ðproperty€in€Alabama.€€The€offense€occurred€on€August€26,€1995,€and€Ô_ÔSpoonerÔ_Ô€pleaded€guilty€to€theÐ ü#L# Ðcharge€on€March€4,€1996.€€He€was€afforded€a€partially€probated€sentence,€and€at€some€pointÐ è$8 $ Ðthereafter,€he€was€charged€with€violating€the€terms€of€his€probation.€€At€some€point€which€is€notÐ Ô%$!% Ðidentified€in€the€record,€Ô_ÔSpoonerÔ_Ô€came€to€Tennessee.€€The€governor€of€Alabama€requested€thatÐ À&"& ÐTennessee€authorities€arrest€Ô_ÔSpoonerÔ_Ô€and€extradite€him€to€Alabama€to€face€the€probation€violationÐ ¬'ü"' Ðcharge.€€Governor€Ô_ÔSundquistÔ_Ô€signed€a€rendition€warrant,€and€Ô_ÔSpoonerÔ_Ô€was€arrested€by€TennesseeÐ ˜(è#( Ðauthorities.€€Ô_ÔSpoonerÔ_Ô€declined€to€waive€extradition€and€instead€filed€a€petition€for€the€writ€of€òòhabeasÐ „)Ô$) Ðcorpusóó€alleging€(1)€that€he€was€not€present€in€Alabama€on€August€26,€1995,€the€date€of€the€crime€toÐ p*À%* Ðwhich€he€had€pleaded€guilty€and€had€been€convicted,€and€(2)€that€the€rendition€warrant€was€notÐ \+¬&+ Ðfacially€in€order€because€it€did€not€specify€the€act€that€he€was€alleged€to€have€committed€whichÐ H,˜', Ðconstituted€a€violation€of€his€Alabama€probation.Ð 4-„(-ý  ÐÔ_Ô‡à  àà ` àThe€Wayne€County€Circuit€Court€held€a€hearing€on€the€petition.€€The€petitionerÐ ° Ðtestified€that€he€did€not€know€the€basis€for€the€probation€violation€charge.€€His€counsel€argued€thatÐ œì Ðthe€extradition€documents€upon€which€the€petitioner€was€being€held€were€not€sufficient€on€their€faceÐ ˆØ Ðin€the€absence€of€factual€specifics€relative€to€the€alleged€probation€violation.€€The€state€argued€thatÐ tÄ Ðthe€only€relevant€inquiry€for€the€Tennessee€courts€was€whether€the€petitioner€was€charged€with€aÐ `° Ðcrime€in€Alabama,€not€the€underlying€basis€for€the€charge.€€The€petitioner€also€alleged€that€he€couldÐ L œ Ðnot€have€been€in€Alabama€on€August€26,€1995,€the€date€of€the€offense€for€which€he€was€onÐ 8 ˆ Ðprobation,€because€he€had€been€incarcerated€in€Georgia€on€that€date.€€The€court,€however,€ruled€asÐ $ t Ða€matter€of€law€that€any€inquiry€into€the€validity€of€the€underlying€conviction€for€which€the€petitionerÐ  ` Ðwas€now€charged€with€a€probation€violation€was€beyond€the€permissible€scope€of€its€inquiry.€Ð ü L  ÐTherefore,€the€court€declined€to€hear€evidence€on€this€issue.Ð è 8  ÐÌà  àà ` àAfter€considering€the€proof€and€arguments€of€counsel,€the€court€denied€the€petitionÐ À  Ðfor€writ€of€òòhabeas€corpusóó,€ordered€extradition,€and€granted€a€stay€of€extradition€pending€appeal.Ð ¬ü  ÐÌà  àà ` àSpooner€then€filed€his€appeal€to€this€court.€€Before€the€case€was€heard,€he€filed€aÐ „Ô  Ðð ðMotion€to€Consider€Post€Judgment€Facts€Pursuant€to€T.R.A.P.€Rule€14€and€to€Add€Documents€toÐ pÀ Ðthe€Appellate€Record€P[ur]suant€to€T.R.A.P.€Rule€24(g).ðð€€This€motion€was€essentially€an€attemptÐ \¬ Ðto€supplement€the€appellate€record€with€documents€which€Spooner€contended€proved€his€claim€thatÐ H˜ Ðhe€was€incarcerated€in€Georgia€on€the€date€of€the€underlying€offense.€€This€court€denied€that€motion.€Ð 4„ ÐThereafter,€the€parties€filed€their€briefs,€and€the€case€was€assigned€to€this€panel€for€disposition.Ð  p ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€petitioner€raises€three€issues€on€appeal.€€The€first€two€mirror€those€he€raised€atÐ øH Ðthe€hearing,€and€the€third€is€whether€he€has€received€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€in€light€of€thisÐ ä4 Ðcourtððs€denial€of€his€motion€to€supplement€the€record.€€For€the€reasons€that€follow,€we€hold€that€theÐ Ð  Ðlower€court€properly€denied€the€petition€and€that€the€issue€of€effective€assistance€of€counsel€is€notÐ ¼  Ðproperly€before€us.Ð ¨ø ÐÌà@á á ìàò òI€„€Extradition€and€Petition€for€Writ€of€òòHabeas€CorpusˆÐ €Ð Ðó óóóÌà  àà ` àSpooner€sought€to€avoid€extradition€to€Alabama€by€filing€a€petition€for€the€writ€ofÐ X ¨ Ðòòhabeas€corpusóó.€€The€law€is€that€once€the€governor€has€granted€extradition,€the€court€in€the€stateÐ D!” Ðwhere€the€petitioner€is€found,€the€ð ðasylum€state,ðð€is€limited€to€the€following€inquiry€when€passingÐ 0"€  Ðon€whether€the€petitioner€should€be€released€on€òòhabeas€corpusóó:Ð #l! ÐÌÓ€ (ç 83ÓÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  Ýà8  àà ` àÝ‚3£Š ÝÔ2ç Ô(Ú  ÚaÚ  Ú)Ô3  Ôà0¸ Ð Ð àÝ  Ýwhether€the€extradition€documents€on€their€face€are€in€order;݃3£Š Ï ÝŒÐô$D #¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐŒÝ  ÝÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  Ýà8  àà0` Ð Ð àÝ‚3£±!ÝÔ2ç Ô(Ú  ÚbÚ  Ú)Ô3  Ôà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àÝ  Ýwhether€the€petitioner€has€been€charged€with€a€crime€in€theÐ à%0!$ Ðdemanding€state;݃3£±!þ!ÝŒÐÌ&"%¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐŒÝ  ÝÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  Ýà8  àà0` Ð Ð àÝ‚3£#ÝÔ2ç Ô(Ú  ÚcÚ  Ú)Ô3  Ôà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àÝ  Ýwhether€the€petitioner€is€the€person€named€in€the€request€forÐ ¸'#& Ðextradition;€and€Ýƒ3£#P#݌Ф(ô#'¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐŒÝ  ÝÝ"‚3£"ÝÝ  Ýà8  àà0` Ð Ð àÝ‚3£X$ÝÔ2ç Ô(Ú  ÚdÚ  Ú)Ô3  Ôà0¸ ` Ð ` Ð àÝ  Ýwhether€the€petitioner€is€a€fugitive.݃3£X$¥$ÝŒÐ)à$(¸ Ð ¸ Ð  ÐŒÝ  ÝÌòòMichigan€v.€Doranóó,€439€U.S.€282,€289,€99€S.€Ct.€530,€535€(1978).€€Ð h+¸&* Їà  àà ` àSpooner€first€attempts€to€challenge€the€lower€courtððs€denial€of€òòhabeas€corpusóó€reliefÐ ° Ðimplicate€categories€(a)€and€(b)€of€the€òòDoranóó€inquiry.€€òòSee€id.óó€€He€claims€that€the€extraditionÐ œì Ðdocuments€in€his€case€are€not€in€order€on€their€face€and€that€they€do€not€charge€a€crime€because€theÐ ˆØ Ðdocuments€do€not€set€forth€a€factual€predicate€for€the€alleged€probation€violation.€€However,€inÐ tÄ ÐòòDoranóó,€the€Court€held€that€ð ðonce€the€governor€of€the€asylum€state€has€acted€on€a€requisition€forÐ `° Ðextradition€based€on€the€demanding€stateððs€judicial€determination€that€probable€cause€existed,€noÐ L œ Ðfurther€judicial€inquiry€may€be€had€on€that€issue€in€the€asylum€state.ðð€€òòIdóó.€at€290,€99€S.€Ct.€at€536;Ð 8 ˆ Ðòòsee€State€ex€rel.€Bradford€v.€Thomasóó,€653€S.W.2d€755,€756€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1983).€€Ð $ t ÐÌà  àà ` àThe€record€before€us€reveals€that€the€governor€of€Alabama€certified€to€the€governorÐ ü L  Ðof€Tennessee€in€his€Request€for€Interstate€Rendition€that€€ð ðRobert€Spooner€stands€convicted€of€theÐ è 8  Ðcrime(s)€of€receiving€stolen€property€and€thereafter€violated€the€terms€of€his€probation€which€I€certifyÐ Ô$  Ðto€be€a€crime(s)€under€the€Laws€of€this€State€.€.€.€.ðð€€Thereafter,€Governor€Sundquist€issued€aÐ À  Ðrendition€warrant.€€In€other€words,€Governor€Sundquist€acted€upon€the€requisition€based€upon€theÐ ¬ü  ÐAlabama€governorððs€certification€that€the€petitioner€had€committed€a€crime€in€Alabama.€€In€accordÐ ˜è  Ðwith€òòDoranóó,€no€further€judicial€inquiry€into€the€underlying€facts€is€in€order€by€Tennessee€courts.€€òòId.óó,Ð „Ô  Ð99€S.€Ct.€at€536;€òòsee€Bradfordóó,€653€S.W.2d€at€756€(rendition€warrant€signed€by€governor€constitutesÐ pÀ Ðòòprima€facie€evidence€óóthat€constitutional€and€statutory€requirements€have€been€met).€€Thus,€theÐ \¬ Ðpetitioner€is€not€entitled€to€òòhabeas€corpusóó€relief€on€these€grounds.Ð H˜ ÐÌà  àà ` àSpoonerððs€next€challenge€relates€to€his€claim€that€he€was€not€present€in€Alabama€onÐ  p Ðthe€date€of€the€underlying€offense€for€which€he€is€now€facing€probation€revocation€proceedings.€€ThisÐ  \ Ðfalls€into€category€(d)€of€òòDoranóó,€focusing€on€whether€the€petitioner€is€a€fugitive.€€òòSee€Doranóó,€429Ð øH ÐU.S.€at€289,€99€S.€Ct.€at€535.€€In€order€to€be€a€fugitive,€the€defendant€must€have€been€actually€andÐ ä4 Ðnot€merely€constructively€present€at€the€time€of€the€offense€in€the€state€demanding€extradition.€Ð Ð  ÐòòEarhart€v.€Hicksóó,€656€S.W.2d€873,€875€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1983);€òòseeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„9„112Ð ¼  Ð(1997).€€òòBut€cf.€óóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„9„113€(1997)€(extradition€may€be€had€upon€showing€thatÐ ¨ø Ðindividual€charged€committed€crime€outside€the€demanding€state€but€which€act€resulted€in€a€crimeÐ ”ä Ðin€the€demanding€state).€€Thus,€Spooner€bases€his€challenge€on€the€general€rule€that€the€accused€mustÐ €Ð Ðhave€been€present€in€the€demanding€state€at€the€time€the€offense€was€committed.€€òòSee€Earhartóó,€656Ð l¼ ÐS.W.2d€at€875.Ð X ¨ ÐÌà  àà ` àSpoonerððs€claim€must€fail.€€He€seeks€òòhabeas€corpusóó€relief€on€the€basis€of€his€allegedÐ 0"€  Ðnon„presence€in€Alabama€on€the€date€of€the€offense€of€receiving€stolen€property,€even€though€theÐ #l! Ðcharge€for€which€extradition€is€sought€is€a€subsequent€probation€violation.€€Thus,€the€relevant€dateÐ $X" Ðfor€him€to€have€been€present€in€Alabama€is€the€date€upon€which€he€is€alleged€to€have€violatedÐ ô$D # Ðprobation,€not€the€date€upon€which€he€committed€the€underlying€offense.€€In€any€event,€the€AlabamaÐ à%0!$ Ðgovernorððs€Request€for€Interstate€Rendition€recites€that€Spooner€committed€the€probation€violationÐ Ì&"% Ðin€St.€Clair€County,€Alabama,€and€the€petitioner€has€offered€no€proof€to€the€contrary.€€The€lowerÐ ¸'#& Ðcourt€correctly€rejected€this€claim€as€a€basis€for€òòhabeas€corpusóó€relief.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌÌÐ h+¸&* Ðà@ìàò òII€„€Effective€Assistance€of€Counseló óˆÐ ° ÐÌà  àà ` àFinally,€in€an€issue€first€presented€in€Spoonerððs€reply€brief€in€this€court,€he€claims€thatÐ ˆØ Ðhe€has€received€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€because€documents€demonstrating€his€absence€fromÐ tÄ Ðthe€state€of€Alabama€on€August€26,€1995€were€never€introduced€into€the€record.€€We€decline€to€grantÐ `° Ðrelief€on€this€claim€for€several€reasons.Ð L œ ÐÌà  àà ` àFirst€of€all,€it€is€a€generally€accepted€rule€that€this€court€will€not€pass€on€questions€ofÐ $ t Ðineffective€assistance€of€counsel€which€are€presented€for€the€first€time€on€appeal.ò ò€ó ó€€òòSee€State€v.Ð  ` ÐLadonte€Montez€Smithóó,€No.€M1997„00087„CCA„R3„CD,€slip€op.€at€35„36€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,Ð  P  ÐNashville,€Dec.€17,€1999),€òòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€2000);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(a)€(ð ðrelief€may€notÐ ì <  Ðbe€granted€in€contravention€of€the€province€of€the€trier€of€factðð).Ð Ø(  ÐÌà  àà ` àSecond,€a€òòhabeas€corpusóó€proceeding€is€not€the€proper€forum€in€which€to€challengeÐ °  Ðthe€effective€assistance€of€counsel.€€òòSee€Earl€E.€Collier€v.€Charles€Jonesóó,€No.€03C01„9710„CR„Ð œì  Ð00464€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.,€Knoxville,€Aug.€14,€1998),€òòperm.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1999).Ð ˆØ  ÐÌà  àà ` àThird,€for€the€reasons€discussed€in€section€I.€above,€proof€of€Spoonerððs€whereaboutsÐ `° Ðon€August€26,€1995€is€irrelevant€for€purposes€of€this€action.€€Thus,€counselððs€failure€to€haveÐ Lœ Ðdocuments€relative€to€Spoonerððs€whereabouts€on€the€date€he€was€convicted€of€committing€the€crimeÐ 8ˆ Ðof€receiving€stolen€property€cannot€be€said€to€have€been€deficient€performance€which€had€an€adverseÐ $t Ðeffect€on€the€outcome€of€this€òòhabeas€corpusóó€case.€€òòSee€generally€Strickland€v.€Washingtonóó,€466€U.S.Ð ` Ð668,€104€S.€Ct.€2052€(1984);€òòBaxter€v.€Roseóó,€523€S.W.2d€930€(Tenn.€1975).Ð üL ÐÌà  àà ` àFor€these€reasons,€we€conclude€that€the€lower€court€properly€denied€the€petition€forÐ Ô$ Ðthe€writ€of€òòhabeas€corpusóó.€€The€order€denying€the€petition€and€granting€extradition€is€affirmed.Ô#†XÉXXXÉW #ÔÐ À ÐÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð \ ¬ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJAMES€CURWOOD€WITT,€JR.,€JUDGE