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S\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X75+ ` hp x 5  &  d d)1dxd<:zTop of For7(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?%2A`Arial?  S\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X75+ ` hp x 5  )2dxd0KS.SampleK<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterK<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB  $()*/045 35;AGMSY_11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.<6X9`(Courier New%2A`Arial BlackettTiptonCurwood WittBledsoeVermaas Crim AUSAArvinParris EvidexcludableT.C.A.StricklandLockhartFretwellMelsonBeasleyDeCosterHellard(#$  0  SR;16453#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)i)StarPageciteas((Cite as: 2004 WL 2098374, *4 (Tenn.Crim.App.))SearchTermSR;2036(;3$2#  0  .3  0  SDU_8 !.8!dd8     _   !8'XXdd8@hhf~!INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @%ATJACKSON#!f~ #Ԉ #    @  @` AssignedonBriefsOctober5,2004 F X'X! #!XX'#ERICTHOMASv.STATEOFTENNESSEEX'X!  ? @@ AppealfromtheCriminalCourtforShelbyCounty  9 @@No.P24493CarolynWadeBlackett,Judge  # @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.W200302154CCAR3PCFiledDecember14,_2004_   AV) ` dE<]` A ^     Thepetitioner,EricThomas,appealsasofrightfromthedismissalofhispetitionforpostconviction V  reliefbytheShelbyCountyCriminalCourt.HeseeksrelieffromhisClassCfelonyconvictionfor ? robberyandresulting#!XX'#X'X!sentenceofeightyearsandonedayinconfinement.X^XXX'ԀHecontendsthatthe (x postconvictioncourterredindismissinghispetitionandthathereceivedtheineffectiveassistance a ofcounsel.Weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.#X'XXX^9##!XX'#X'X! J  Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentoftheCriminalCourtAffirmed     #!X'z#X'X.!JosephM.Tipton,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichDavidG.HayesandJames  CurwoodWitt,Jr.,JJ.,joined.  JacobEdwardErwin,Memphis,Tennessee,fortheappellant,EricThomas. Z PaulG.Summers,AttorneyGeneralandReporter;JenniferL.Bledsoe,AssistantAttorneyGeneral; ,| WilliamL.Gibbons,DistrictAttorneyGeneral;andGailAnnVermaas,AssistantDistrictAttorney e General,fortheappellee,StateofTennessee. N ,@@66' OPINION #!XX'[#X'X! ! ! #!XX' #  X'X!  Thiscaserelatestothepetitionersconvictionforrobbery.OnNovember19,1996,the ## petitionerwenttotheNationalBankofCommerce(NBC)inMemphis,walkedtothetellercounter, $$ handedthetelleranote,robbedthebank,andfled.Acrimesceneinvestigationrevealedthe u% % petitionerlefthisfingerprintsonthetellercounter,andhewassubsequentlyarrested.AShelby ^&!& Countyjuryconvictedthepetitionerofrobberyandthetrialcourtsentencedhimtoeightyearsand G'"' onedayintheDepartmentofCorrection.Thepetitionerappealed,andthiscourtaffirmedhis 0(#( conviction.SeeStatev.EricThomas,No.W199901255CCAR3CD,ShelbyCounty(Tenn. )i$) Crim.App.Mar.22,2000).Thepetitionersubsequentlyfiledapetitionforpostconvictionrelief *R%* alleging,amongotherthings,thathereceivedtheineffectiveassistanceofcounsel.Afterappointing *;&+ thepetitionercounselandconductingahearing,thetrialcourtdismissedthepetitionforpost +$', convictionrelief,andthepetitionerappealed. , (-  -(. _  Therecordreflectsthatshortlyafterhisarrest,thepetitionerenteredintopleanegotiations  withthestatewithouttheassistanceofcounsel.Thedetectivesnegotiatingwiththepetitionertold  himthattheysuspectedhewasalsoguiltyoffourotherunrelatedrobberies,threeweresimple  robberiesandthefourthwasaggravatedrobbery.Boththepetitionerandthestateunderstoodthe k agreementtorequirethatnofederalchargesweretobebroughtagainstthepetitionerforanyofthe T robberies,thatthestatereducethetwoaggravatedrobberychargesagainstthepetitionertosimple =  robbery,andthatthestatedismisstwootherchargesagainstthepetitioner:possessionofa & v controlledsubstanceandfelonyevadingarrest.Inreturnforthisarrangement,thepetitionerwas  _ toconfesstoallfiverobberies.Thepetitionerclaimedtheagreementalsoincludedconcurrent  H sentencing.Hefulfilledhisdutiesundertheagreementbyconfessinginwritingtoallfiverobberies.  1    Thestatesubsequentlydisavowedtheagreement.Thepetitionerthenrefusedtoentera   guiltyplea.Thepetitionerstrialcounselfiledapretrialmotiontoenforcethetermsoftheplea   agreement.Thetrialcourtfoundthattherewasavalidpleaagreementthatinreturnforthe   petitionersconfessions,thefederalgovernmentwouldnotindictthepetitionerforanyofthefive n  robberies,thatthestatewouldreducetwoofthechargesfromaggravatedrobberytorobbery,and W  thatthestatewoulddismissthechargesofpossessionofacontrolledsubstanceandfelonyevading @ arrest.Thetrialcourtalsofoundthatconcurrentsentencingforallfiverobberieswasnotpartofthe )y pleaagreement.Thedefendantproceededtotrialandwasconvicted.Asnoted,thiscourtaffirmed b thetrialcourtsrulingondirectappeal. K   Atthepostconvictionhearing,thepetitionertestifiedthatheenteredintoanoralplea  agreementwiththestateshortlyafterhisarrest.Hesaidthatthestatedisavowedthepleaagreement  andthathehadnochoicebuttogototrial.Hesaidthathadthestatenotdisavowedtheplea  agreement,hewouldhavepledguilty.Hesaidthatbeforetrial,hisattorneyfileda Motionto  EnforcePleaAgreement.Hesaidhisattorneysperformanceregardingthismotionwasdeficient q becausetheattorneydidnotfullyinvestigateandpursuehisclaimthatconcurrentsentencingwas Z anelementofthepleaagreement.Regardingthedeficientinvestigation,thepetitionersaidhis C attorneydidnotcallAssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneralWax,AssistantUnitedStatesAttorney ,| (AUSA)Arvin,orDetectiveParristothestandtotestify.Hesaidthathadhisattorneycalledthese e individualstothestand,theywouldhaveconfirmedthatconcurrentsentencingwasapartofthe N agreement.Thepetitionersaidthathisattorneysfailuretoinvestigateresultedinhisreceiving  7 consecutivesentencing. !     Thepetitioneralsotestifiedthatheaskedhisattorneytoobjecttothestatesintroducinghis #" confessiononthegroundsthatitwasobtainedduringpleanegotiationsandthereforeinadmissible $# attrialpursuanttoRule410,Tenn.R.Evid.Hesaidthathisattorneyfailedtoobject,thatthey t% $ arguedaboutthefailuretoobject,thatheattemptedtofirehisattorney,andthatthejudgerefused ]&!% toallowhimtofirehisattorney.Hesaidthathisattorneysperformancewasdeficientfornot F'"& objectingpursuanttorule410andthathewasprejudicedbythedeficientperformancebecausethe /(#' statescaseintheabsenceofhisconfessionwasweak. )h$(   Thepetitionerstrialattorneytestifiedthathewasappointedtorepresentthepetitioner.He *:&* saidhefiledthe MotiontoEnforcePleaAgreementafterinvestigatingthecircumstances +#'+ surroundingthepleanegotiations.HesaidheinterviewedAssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneralWax  whohadnomemoryoftheincident.HesaidhedidnotcallGeneralWaxtothestandduringthe  hearingonthemotionbecausehistestimonywouldnothaveofferedanyrelevantinformation.The  attorneysaidthathealsointerviewedtheofficerswhowereintheroomwiththepetitionerduring k thepleanegotiationsandthattheydidnotbelieveconcurrentsentencingwaspartoftheplea T arrangement.HesaidthathedidprocureawrittenofferfromGeneralWaxtothepetitioner,which =  includedareductionofthechargebutnothingrelativetosentencing.Hesaidhewonthemotion & v insofarashewasabletoprovetheexistenceoftheagreement.Heacknowledgedthatthecourtdid  _ notfindthatconcurrentsentencingwasapartoftheagreementbecauseinsufficientevidenceexisted  H regardingtheissue.  1  Ѐ  Theattorneysaidthathemetwiththepetitionerbeforetrialandthattheyworkedwell   together.Hesaid,however,thattheprosecutionscaseagainstthepetitionerwasoverwhelming   becauseofthevictimseyewitnessidentificationofthepetitionerandfingerprintevidence.Hesaid   thathadthestatebeenunsuccessfulinadmittingthepetitionersconfessionintoevidence,the n  prosecutingattorneywaspreparedtoofferintoevidencethetestimonyofthepetitionersgirlfriend. W  Hesaidshewaspreparedtotestifythatthepetitionerhadconfessedthecrimetoher.Hesaidthe @ prosecutionhad aslamdunkcase.Hesaidthateveniftheconfessionhadbeensuppressed,the )y petitionerwouldhavehadnochanceofbeingacquittedbythejury.X^XXX' b   Thetrialcourtfoundthatthepetitionerstrialattorneysperformancewassufficientin 4 investigatingthetermsofthepleaagreement.Thetrialcourtalsofoundthattheattorneys  performancewassufficientconcerningtheissueoffailingtoobjecttothestatesintroducingthe  petitionersconfessionintoevidencebecausetherewas overwhelmingevidenceofeffective  assistanceofcounsel.Wenote,however,thatthetrialcourtdidnotspecificallyaddressthe  petitionerscontentionthathisconfessionwasexcludablepursuanttoRule410andthathis q attorneysfailuretoobjectonevidentiarygroundsconstituteddeficientperformancewhichresulted Z inprejudicetothepetitioner. C   #X'XXX^*#Onappeal,thepetitionerclaimsthatthetrialcourterredindismissinghispetitionandthat e hereceivedtheineffectiveassistanceofcounselbecausehisattorneyfailedtoinvestigatefullyhis N claimthatthepleaarrangementincludedconcurrentsentencingandfailedtoobjectattrialtothe  7 introductionofhisconfessionpursuanttoRule410,Tenn.R.Evid.,andRule11,Tenn.R.Crim. !   P.Thestatecontendsthatthepetitionerhasfailedtoestablish(1)thathisattorneysperformance " ! wasdeficientwhich(2)resultedinprejudicetothepetitioner.Weagreewiththestate. #" X^XXX'  Theburdeninapostconvictionproceedingisonthepetitionertoprovehisgroundsforrelief t% $ byclearandconvincingevidence.T.C.A.#X'XXX^1#X^XXX'#X'XXX^2#X^XXX'4030110(f).Onappeal,weareboundbythetrial ]&!% courtsfindingsoffactunlessweconcludethattheevidenceintherecordpreponderatesagainst F'"& thosefindings.#X'XXX^2#X^XXX'Fieldsv.State,#X'XXX^3#X^XXX'Ԁ40S.W.3d450,456(Tenn.2001).Becausetheyrelatetomixed /(#' questionsoflawandfact,wereviewthetrialcourtsconclusionsastowhethercounsels )h$( performancewasdeficientandwhetherthatdeficiencywasprejudicialundera#X'XXX^P4#X^XXX'denovo#X'XXX^5#X^XXX'Ԁstandard *Q%) withnopresumptionofcorrectness.#X'XXX^6#X^XXX'ԀId.#X'XXX^6#X^XXX'at457. *:&* %  #X'XXX^6#X^XXX' +#'+   %#7#X'XXX^S7#%  %7X^XXX'UndertheSixthAmendment,whenaclaimofineffective%  #X'XXX^7#%;8X^XXX'assistance%  #X'XXX^|8#%8X^XXX'Ԁofcounselismade,the  burdenisonthepetitionertoshow(1)thatcounselsperformancewasdeficientand(2)thatthe  deficiencywasprejudicial.#X'XXX^8#X^XXX'Stricklandv.Washington,#X'XXX^9#X^XXX'Ԁ466U.S.668,687,104S.Ct.2052,2064  (1984);#X'XXX^^:#X^XXX'seeLockhartv.Fretwell,#X'XXX^:#X^XXX'Ԁ506U.S.364,36872,113S.Ct.838,84244(1993).Inother k words,ashowingthatcounselsperformancefallsbelowareasonablestandardisnotenough;rather, T thepetitionermustalsoshowthatbutforthesubstandardperformance, theresultoftheproceeding =  wouldhavebeendifferent.#X'XXX^e;#X^XXX'Strickland,#X'XXX^=#X^XXX'Ԁ466U.S.at691. & v   The#X'XXX^s=#X^XXX'Strickland#X'XXX^=#X^XXX'Ԁ#X'XXX^K>#X^XXX'standardhasbeenappliedtotherightto#X'XXX^>#X^XXX'counselunderarticleI,section9of  H theTennesseeConstitution%  #X'XXX^>#%m?X^XXX'.#X'XXX^?#X^XXX'ԀStatev.Melson,#X'XXX^?#X^XXX'Ԁ772S.W.2d417,419n.2(Tenn.1989).In#X'XXX^]@#X^XXX'Baxterv.  1  Rose,#X'XXX^@#X^XXX'Ԁ523S.W.2d930,936(Tenn.1975),oursupremecourtdecidedthat#X'XXX^NA#X^XXX'attorneysshouldbeheld    tothegeneral#X'XXX^A#X^XXX'standardofwhethertheservicesrenderedwerewithintherangeofcompetence   demandedof#X'XXX^PB#X^XXX'attorneysincriminalcases.Further,thecourtstatedthattherangeofcompetencewas   tobemeasuredbythedutiesandcriteriasetforthin#X'XXX^C#X^XXX'Beasleyv.United#X'XXX^C#%  %CDX^XXX'States,#X'XXX^aD#X^XXX'Ԁ491F.2d687,696(6th   Cir.1974),and#X'XXX^D#X^XXX'UnitedStatesv.DeCoster,#X'XXX^:E#X^XXX'Ԁ487F.2d1197,120204(D.C.Cir.1973).Also,in n  reviewingcounselsconduct,a fairassessmentofattorneyperformancerequiresthateveryeffort W  bemadetoeliminatethedistortingeffectsofhindsight,toreconstructthecircumstancesofcounsels @ challengedconduct,andtoevaluatetheconductfromcounselsperspectiveatthetime.#X'XXX^E#X^XXX'Strickland,#X'XXX^G#X^XXX' )y 466U.S.at689,104S.Ct.at2065;#X'XXX^G#X^XXX'seeHellardv.State,#X'XXX^oH#X^XXX'Ԁ629S.W.2d4,9(Tenn.1982).Thus,the b factthataparticularstrategyortacticfailedorevenhurtthedefensedoesnot,alone,supportaclaim K ofineffectiveassistance.Deferenceismadetotrial#X'XXX^H#X^XXX'Ԁstrategyortacticalchoicesiftheyareinformed 4 onesbaseduponadequatepreparation.#X'XXX^J#X^XXX'SeeHellard,#X'XXX^J#X^XXX'629S.W.2dat9;#X'XXX^3K#X^XXX'DeCoster,#X'XXX^K#X^XXX'Ԁ487F.2dat1201.  #X'XXX^K#X^XXX'#X'XXX^ML#  X^XXX'First,thepetitionerclaimsthathistrialattorneydidnotfullyinvestigatethefacts  surroundingthepleanegotiationsinordertoestablishthatconcurrentsentencingwasatermofthe  pleaagreement.Hisattorneytestified,however,thathefileda MotiontoEnforcePlea q Agreement,thatheinterviewedGeneralWax,whomadethepleaoffertothepetitioner,andthat Z heinterviewedtheofficerswhowereintheroomwiththepetitionerduringthepleanegotiations. C Webelievethattheattorneysperformancewasnotdeficientashewasabletoestablishthe ,| existenceofthepleaagreementanditsessentialtermstothesatisfactionofthetrialcourt.While e thepetitionerallegesthathistrialattorneyshouldhavecalledGeneralWax,AUSAMarvin,and N DetectiveParristothestandtoestablishthatconcurrentsentencingwaspartoftheagreement,he  7 failedtohavethemtestifyatthepostconvictionhearing.Absenttheirtestimony,weareleftwith !   thepetitionersbareclaimthatsuchanagreementexisted.Inthisregard,wenotethattheconvicting " ! courtconcludedatthepleaagreementenforcementmotionhearingthatthepetitionerstestimony #" wasinsufficienttoprovebyapreponderanceoftheevidencethatconcurrentsentencingwaspart $# oftheagreement.Itislikewiseapparentthatthetrialcourtinthiscasedidnotfindthatthe t% $ petitionerprovedhisclaimbyclearandconvincingevidence.Weconcludethattheattorneydidnot ]&!% performdeficiently. F'"& #X'XXX^L#X^XXX'  Second,thepetitionerallegesthathisattorneysperformancewasineffectivebecausehe )h$( failedtoobjectduringtrialtotheintroductionofhisconfession.Hecontendsthathisattorney *Q%)  shouldhaveobjectedpursuanttoRule410,Tenn.R.Evid.,andRule11,Tenn.R.Crim.P.Wehold *:&* thatthepetitionersconfessionwasnotexcludablepursuanttotheserulesandthattheattorneys  failuretoobjectwasnotineffectiveassistanceofcounsel.     TennesseeRuleofEvidence410provides,inpart, k 8  8`   Exceptasotherwiseprovidedinthisrule,evidenceofthefollowing =  isnot,inanycivilorcriminalproceeding,admissibleagainstthe & v partywhomadethepleaorwasaparticipantinthepleadiscussions: _` x` x    ` ....  1  #X'XXX^T#X^XXX'8  8`   #X'XXX^PX# X^XXX' (3)#X'XXX^X#X^XXX'ԀanystatementmadeinthecourseofanyproceedingsunderRule   11oftheTennesseeRulesofCriminalProcedureregardingeitherof   theforegoingpleas;or ` x` x 8  8`   #X'XXX^X# X^XXX' (4)#X'XXX^EZ#X^XXX'Ԁanystatementmadeinthecourseofpleadiscussionswithan n  attorneyfortheprosecutingauthoritywhichdonotresultinapleaof W  guiltyorwhich#X'XXX^Z#X^XXX'resultinapleaofguiltylaterwithdrawn.Sucha @ statementisadmissible,however,inacriminalproceedingforperjury )y orfalsestatementifthestatementwasmadebythedefendantunder b oath,ontherecord,andinthepresenceofcounsel.#X'XXX^[#X^XXX'K` x` x Rule11(e)(6),Tenn.R.Crim.P.,provides,  8  8`   Exceptasotherwiseprovidedinthisparagraph,evidenceofapleaof  guilty,laterwithdrawn,orapleaofnolocontendere,orofanofferto  pleadguiltyornolocontenderetothecrimechargedoranyother q crime,orofstatementsmadeinconnectionwith,andrelevantto,any Z oftheforegoingpleasoroffers,isnotadmissibleinanycivilor C criminalproceedingagainstthepersonwhomadethepleaoroffer. ,| However,evidenceofastatementmadeinconnectionwith,and e relevantto,apleaofguilty,laterwithdrawn,apleaofnolo N contendere,oranoffertopleadguiltyornolocontenderetothecrime  7 chargedoranyothercrime,isadmissibleinacriminalproceedingfor !   perjuryorfalsestatementifthestatementwasmadebythedefendant " ! underoath,ontherecord,andinthepresenceofcounsel.#"` x` x #X'XXX^\#X^XXX'  Thepetitioneriscorrectinassertingthatmoststatementsmade inthecourseofplea t% $ discussionsarenotadmissibleattrial.However,heisincorrectinassertingthathisconfessions ]&!% weremade inthecourseofpleadiscussions.Afterreviewingtherecord,weconcludethatthe F'"& petitionersstatementsweremadeasaresultofthepleaagreement.Thestatenegotiatedwiththe /(#' petitionerthatinreturnforhisconfessingtofiveburglaries,itwouldreducesomeofthecharges )h$( againsthimanddismissothers.Thestatesendofthebargainwasenforced.Thepetitionerwas *Q%) obligatedunderthepleaagreementtogiveastatement,andhedidso.Theattorneysperformance *:&* wasnotdeficientforfailingtoobjectonevidentiarygrounds. +#'+ Ї  Basedontheforegoingandtherecordasawhole,weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.  ̀#X'XXX^ b#X^XXX'       `     h     ____________________________________ T    `     h     JOSEPHM.TIPTON,JUDGE#X'XXX^zf# =