ÿWPCG 1J¾UN %V 0\U:cw@4ÝñU. 0J6 0T€ 0^Ô 0h2 0rš 0|  0†ˆ 0 1už 0d 0@w D3· Bê U> U*E B)o DC˜ AMÛ ã( AQ Æ\ 0D" 0Df D/ª BÙv~övÓtc:\office\wpwin\template\opinion.wpt(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX(ßZ>$¡¡Ò°ÒÒX°ÒÔ€X³—XXXÔÓ  ÓÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal[  AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÑ7€Å XXdìXXdì7ÑÑ  Ñ,†r‰AZ‹"Arial Regular ìíUî™ïDðñòóeôÓ€Œƒ*#3|x%ä2¼A`ArialTT2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò""""'ÿÿdxd d< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Times% Line 7 d%%%%7Border 1dd* &Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ÙÝ ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€#ÔÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÔ€ ÔÓ  ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€d#ÑÑ  ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ+"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€ ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€ XÔÌÌò òSeptemberÏ23,Ï1997ÌÌCecilÏCrowson,ÏJr.ÌÔ€ ôÔAppellateÏCourtÏClerkó ó*+ ,-Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó..'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€#ÔÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÔ€ ÔÓ  ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÑ#€$$Xd#ÑÑ#€$$Xd#ÑÑ  ÑÝ  Ý›Ó  ÓœÞ ÞÌIN›€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌ̜ـ*ÙßR€'(&A1-j|.þ` à. `€€@ÿRß›AT€JACKSONÌÌJULY€1997€SESSIONÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà à€€APPELLEE,à à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àNo.€02„C„01„9608„CC„00288Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àBenton€CountyÌv.à àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àJulian€P.€Guinn,€JudgeÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à à(Aggravated€Sexual€Battery)ÌWILLIAM€LYNDELL€TODD,à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àAPPELLANT.à à)ÌÌÌÌFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à àà àà àà àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:ÌÌGuy€T.€Wilkinsonà àà àà àà àà àJohn€Knox€WalkupÌDistrict€Public€Defenderà àà àà àà àAttorney€General€&€ReporterÌP.O.€Box€663à àà àà àà àà à500€Charlotte€AvenueÌCamden,€TN€38320à àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0497Ì(Appeal€Only)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àSarah€M.€BranchÌLarry€G.€Bryantà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌAssistant€Public€Defenderà àà àà àà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌP.O.€Box€663à àà àà àà àà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493ÌCamden,€TN€38320Ì(Trial€Only)à àà àà àà àà àà àG.€Robert€RadfordÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àP.O.€Box€686Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àHuntingdon,€TN€38344„0686ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àTodd€A.€RoseÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àP.O.€Box€94Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àà àParis,€TN€38242„0094ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:________________________________ÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌJoe€B.€Jones,€Presiding€Judge€Çò òÓ  ÓÔ€ „ÔO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó óÌÓ  ÓÔ€ XÔÌÌÌÓÓà àThe€appellant,€William€Lyndell€Todd€(defendant),€was€convicted€of€aggravatedÏsexual€battery,€a€Class€B€felony,€by€a€jury€of€his€peers.€€The€trial€court€found€theÏdefendant€was€a€standard€offender€and€imposed€a€Range€I€sentence€consisting€ofÏconfinement€for€eight€(8)€years€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€€In€this€Court€theÏdefendant€contends€(a)€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€a€finding€by€a€rationalÏtrier€of€fact€that€he€was€guilty€of€aggravated€sexual€battery€and€(b)€the€trial€courtÏcommitted€error€of€prejudicial€dimensions€by€failing€to€instruct€the€jury€on€the€lesserÏincluded€offense€of€assault.€€After€a€thorough€review€of€the€record,€the€briefs€submittedÏby€the€parties,€and€the€law€governing€the€issues€presented€for€review,€it€is€the€opinionÏof€this€Court€that€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€should€be€affirmed.Ìà àOn€occasion€the€defendant€kept€the€children€of€Jay€and€Susan€Grinell€whileÏMrs.€Grinell€went€shopping.€€Mr.€Grinell€worked€out€of€town€and€was€only€home€onÏweekends.€€One€of€the€children,€SEG,€was€a€six„year„old€girl.€€The€other€child€was€anÏinfant€boy.€€SEG€was€the€victim€in€this€case.Ìà àOn€October€25,€1994,€the€defendant€kept€the€two€children€while€Mrs.€GrinellÏwent€shopping.€€The€victim€and€her€brother€took€a€nap€in€their€parentsðð€bed.€€When€theÏvictim€awoke,€she€went€into€the€living€room€where€the€defendant€was€watchingÏtelevision.€€While€she€was€sitting€on€a€sofa,€the€defendant€grabbed€her,€sat€on€theÏother€sofa,€and€began€rubbing€her€breasts€and€vaginal€area€through€her€clothing.€€TheÏvictim€asked€the€defendant€to€stop.€€He€refused.€€The€victim€then€slapped€theÏdefendant€in€his€face€several€times.€€He€still€refused€to€stop€touching€her.€€She€thenÍplaced€her€foot€in€the€defendantððs€face,€pried€herself€loose,€retreated€to€her€parentsððÏbedroom,€and€locked€the€door.Ìà àOn€this€same€date€the€defendant€told€the€victim€to€lay€on€the€floor€so€he€couldÏgive€her€a€ð ðbackrubðð€because€ð ðshe€said€her€back€hurt.ðð€€The€defendant€first€rubbed€theÏvictimððs€back.€€He€then€turned€her€over.€€He€began€rubbing€the€chest,€legs,€and€genitalÏarea€of€the€victimððs€body.Ìà àThe€defendant€gave€three€statements€to€the€Benton€County€SheriffððsÏDepartment.€€In€the€first€statement€the€defendant€indicated€he€may€have€touched€theÏvictim,€but€the€touching€was€accidental.€€In€the€second€statement€the€defendant€statedÏð ðI€donððt€remember€rubbing€her€on€her€private€parts€for€any€reason.ðð€€In€the€thirdÏstatement€the€defendant€admitted€rubbing€the€victimððs€genital€areas€while€she€wasÏsitting€on€his€lap€and€while€he€was€giving€her€a€ð ðmassage.ðð€€He€also€stated€ð ð[i]f€[SEG]Ïsays€I€rubbed€her€vaginal€area€I€did€because€she€has€no€reason€to€lie€on€me.ðð€€DuringÏthe€trial,€the€defendant€testified€any€improper€touching€of€the€victim€was€unintentional.€ÏHe€did€not€reject€or€refute€the€third€statement€he€gave€to€the€sheriffððs€department.ÌÌò òÓ  ÓI.ó óÌÓ  ÓÌò òà àó óThe€defendant€contends€the€evidence€is€insufficient,€as€a€matter€of€law,€toÏsupport€a€finding€by€a€rational€trier€of€fact€he€was€guilty€of€aggravated€sexual€batteryÏbeyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€The€defendant€argues€that€the€state€failed€to€proveÏbeyond€a€reasonable€doubt€that€any€touching€of€the€victim€by€the€defendant€was€forÏthe€purpose€of€sexual€arousal€or€gratification.Ìò òÓ  ÓA.ÌÌÓ  Óó óà àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence,€thisÏCourt€must€review€the€record€to€determine€if€the€evidence€adduced€at€trial€is€sufficientÏ"to€support€the€finding€by€the€trier€of€fact€of€guilt€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt."€€Tenn.€R.ÏApp.€P.€13(e).€This€rule€is€applicable€to€findings€of€guilt€based€upon€direct€evidence,Ïcircumstantial€evidence,€or€a€combination€of€direct€and€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòStateÏv.€Dykesóó,€803€S.W.2d€250,€253€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1990).Ìà àIn€determining€the€sufficiency€of€the€convicting€evidence,€this€Court€does€notÏreweigh€or€reevaluate€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Matthewsóó,€805€S.W.2d€776,€779€(Tenn.ÏCrim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1990).€€Nor€may€this€Court€substitute€itsÏinferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€trier€of€fact€from€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòLiakas€v.ÏStateóó,€199€Tenn.€298,€305,€286€S.W.2d€856,€859,€òòcertóó.€òòdeniedóó,€352€U.S.€845,€77€S.Ct.Ï39,€1€L.Ed.2d€49€(1956).€€To€the€contrary,€this€Court€is€required€to€afford€the€State€ofÏTennessee€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€contained€in€the€record€asÏwell€as€all€reasonable€and€legitimate€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€from€theÏevidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).Ìà àQuestions€concerning€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses,€the€weight€and€value€toÏbe€given€the€evidence,€as€well€as€all€factual€issues€raised€by€the€evidence€areÏresolved€by€the€trier€of€fact,€not€this€Court.€€òòCabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€at€835.€€In€òòState€v.ÏGraceóó,€493€S.W.2d€474,€476€(Tenn.€1973),€our€Supreme€Court€said:€€"A€guilty€verdictÏby€the€jury,€approved€by€the€trial€judge,€accredits€the€testimony€of€the€witnesses€for€theÏState€and€resolves€all€conflicts€in€favor€of€the€theory€of€the€State."Ìà àSince€a€verdict€of€guilt€removes€the€presumption€of€innocence€and€replaces€itÏwith€a€presumption€of€guilt,€the€accused,€as€the€appellant,€has€the€burden€in€this€CourtÏof€illustrating€why€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€support€the€verdicts€returned€by€theÏtrier€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Tuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914€(Tenn.€1982).€€This€Court€will€notÏdisturb€a€verdict€of€guilt€due€to€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€unless€the€factsÏcontained€in€the€record€are€insufficient,€as€a€matter€of€law,€for€a€rational€trier€of€fact€toÏfind€that€the€accused€is€guilty€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòTuggleóó,€639€S.W.2d€at€914.ÌÌò òÓ  ÓB.ó óÌÓ  Óà àThe€offense€of€aggravated€sexual€battery€is€defined€by€statute€as€ð ðunlawfulÏsexual€contact€with€a€victim€by€the€defendantðð€when€ð ðthe€victim€is€less€than€thirteenÏ(13)€years€of€age.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„504(a).€€Thus,€before€the€defendantÏcould€be€convicted€of€aggravated€sexual€battery,€the€state€was€required€to€proveÏbeyond€a€reasonable€doubt€(a)€the€defendant€intentionally€or€knowingly€had€unlawfulÏsexual€contact€with€SEG;€and€(b)€SEG€was€less€than€thirteen€(13)€years€of€age€at€theÏtime.Ìà àThe€victim€testified€that€on€or€about€October€25,€1994,€while€babysitting,€theÏdefendant€sat€her€on€his€lap€and€rubbed€her€breasts€and€vagina.€€She€testified€that€ð ðIÏtold€him€to€stop€and€then€I€hit€him€four€or€five€times€and€he€wouldnððt€stop.ðð€€The€victimÏstated€€she€then€ð ðgot€out€of€his€lap€and€got€in€my€room€and€I€locked€my€mommyððs€door.ððÌà àIn€a€signed€statement€given€to€the€police€on€June€13,€1995,€the€defendantÏrefuted€two€earlier€statements€denying€the€charges€against€him.€€He€admitted€rubbingÏthe€victimððs€vaginal€area€through€her€clothes€for€a€few€seconds€while€she€was€sittingÍon€his€lap.€€The€defendant€also€admitted€that€during€the€same€time€period€he€touchedÏthe€victimððs€chest€and€vagina€through€her€clothes€for€a€few€seconds€while€giving€her€aÏð ðmassage.ðð€€In€his€statement€the€defendant€stated,€ð ð[i]f€[SEG]€says€I€rubbed€her€vaginalÏarea€I€did€because€she€has€no€reason€to€lie€on€me.ððÌà àThe€defendant€testified€he€did€touch€the€victimððs€chest€and€genitals,€butÏindicated€the€touching€was€accidental.€€However,€the€defendant€did€not€reject€his€JuneÏ13,€1995€statement€to€the€police.Ìà àThere€is€sufficient€evidence€to€support€a€finding€by€a€rational€trier€of€fact€that€theÏdefendant€was€guilty€of€aggravated€sexual€battery€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€Tenn.ÏR.€App.€13(e).Ìà àThis€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌò òÓ  ÓII.ó óÌÓ  ÓÌà àThe€defendant€contends€the€trial€court€committed€error€of€prejudicial€dimensionsÏby€failing€to€instruct€the€jury€on€the€lesser€included€offense€of€assault,€a€Class€AÏmisdemeanor.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„101.€€However,€the€defendant€candidlyÏstates€in€his€brief€that€ð ð[t]rial€counsel€did€not€request€a€lesser€included€offense€and€inÏfact,€agreed€that€there€were€[no€lesser€included€offenses].€€Nor€was€the€issue€raised€inÏhis€Motion€for€New€Trial.ðð€€In€short,€the€defendant€has€raised€this€issue€for€the€first€timeÏin€this€Court.€€He€argues€the€failure€to€give€such€an€instruction€constituted€plain€error,Ïand€this€Court€should€consider€this€issue€notwithstanding€his€waiver€of€the€issue.Ìà àWhen€the€parties€had€rested€their€respective€cases,€the€trial€court€made€theÍfollowing€statement€for€the€record:ÌÒ ¸ ÒÒ X ÒÒ ¸ ÒÒ  ÒÓÓÌLet€the€record€reflect€that€at€the€recess€just€had€for€bothÏlunch€and€prior€to€these€arguments€that€the€instructions€thatÏwere€given€€„„€or€will€be€given€to€this€jury€were€given€toÏcounsel.€€There€were€no€special€requests€to€charge€norÏwere€there€any€objections€to€the€instructions€in€the€form€inÏwhich€they€will€be€given€to€the€panel.€€Additionally,€òòthisÏmorning,€before€voir€dire€was€complete,€the€possibility€of€aÏlesser€included€charge€was€discussed€with€counsel€andÏboth€counsel€for€the€State€and€for€the€defendant€agreed€thatÏthere€were€not€properly€and€includable€lesser€includedÏoffenses€in€this€caseóó.€.€.€.€ÌÌÌÒ  ÒÒ  ÒÒ  ÒÒ X ÒÓÓ(Emphasis€added).€€The€trial€court€asked€counsel€for€the€state€and€counsel€for€theÏdefendant€if€this€was€an€accurate€statement€of€what€transpired.€€Both€lawyers€advisedÏthe€court€this€was€a€correct€statement€of€what€had€occurred.€Ìà à€€€After€the€trial€court€made€the€statement€for€the€record,€defense€counsel€stated:ÌÒ ¸ ÒÒ X ÒÒ ¸ ÒÒ  ÒÓÓÌYour€Honor,€just€for€the€record,€I€agreed€with€that€becauseÏitððs€alleged€that€the€child€„„€the€aggravated€sexual€battery€isÏalleged€because€the€child€is€under€thirteen.€€And,€obviously,Ïthe€proof€was€that€the€child€was€six€at€the€time.€€òòAnd€soÏeither€it€would€be€a€finding€of€guilt€as€to€the€charge€or€notÏguilty.€€It€couldnððt€be€lesser€includedóó.€€They€couldnððt€possiblyÏfind€according€to€the€facts€that€the€child€was€not€under€theÏage€of€thirteen.€€ÌÌÒ  ÒÒ  ÒÒ  ÒÒ X Ò(Emphasis€added).ÌÌÓÓà àGiven€these€circumstances,€the€trial€court€did€not€charge€a€lesser€includedÏoffense.€€The€charge€was€limited€to€the€offense€alleged€in€the€indictment,€i.e.,Ïaggravated€sexual€battery.Ìò òÓ  ÓA.ó óÌÓ  ÓÌà àThis€issue€has€been€waived.€€When€the€trial€court€broached€the€subject€ofÏinstructing€the€jury€on€a€lesser€included€offense€during€voir€dire€examination,€defenseÏcounsel€agreed€€there€should€be€no€instruction€on€a€lesser€included€offense€includedÏin€the€charge€given€to€the€jury.€€When€the€trial€court€made€the€aforementionedÏstatement€for€the€record,€defense€counsel€reiterated€the€defendant€was€either€guilty€ofÏaggravated€sexual€battery€or€he€should€be€acquitted.Ìà àIt€appears€part€of€defense€counselððs€trial€strategy€was€to€limit€the€juryððs€choice€toÏthe€offense€charged€in€the€indictment€or€an€acquittal.€€Obviously,€trial€counsel€thoughtÏhe€could€establish€the€touching€of€the€child€was€accidental€„„€that€it€was€not€sexuallyÏmotivated€as€required€by€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„13„504(a).€Ìà àGiven€these€circumstances,€the€failure€of€the€trial€court€to€instruct€on€the€lesserÏincluded€offense€of€assault€did€not€constitute€ð ðplain€errorðð€within€the€meaning€of€RuleÏ52(b),€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€€Nor€do€these€circumstances€meet€the€criteria€for€consideringÏplain€error€set€forth€in€òòState€v.€Adkissonóó,€899€S.W.2d€626€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€ÏFurthermore,€this€Court€is€unwilling€to€consider€this€issue€pursuant€to€Rule€13(b),€Tenn.ÏR.€App.€P.ÌÌò òÓ  ÓB.ó óÌÓ  ÓÌà àThe€defendant€failed€to€bring€the€omission€of€an€instruction€on€assault€from€theÏcharge€to€the€attention€of€the€trial€court.€€This€resulted€in€the€waiver€of€this€issue.€€òòStateÏv.€Haynesóó,€720€S.W.2d€76,€85€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1986);€òòStateÍv.€Blackwoodóó,€713€S.W.2d€677,€681€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1986).€ÏAlso,€a€party€is€not€entitled€to€relief€when€the€party€fails€to€take€the€appropriate€action€toÏprevent€or€nullify€the€harmful€effect€of€an€error.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(a).ÌÌò òÓ  ÓC.ó óÌÓ  ÓÌà àThe€failure€to€include€this€issue€in€his€motion€for€new€trial€constituted€a€waiver€ofÏthis€issue.€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(e).€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Caldwellóó,€671€S.W.2d€459,€465€(Tenn.),Ïòòcert.óó€òòdeniedóó,€469€U.S.€873,€105€S.Ct.€231,€83€L.Ed.2d€160€(1984);€òòState€v.€Keelóó,€882ÏS.W.2d€410,€417„18€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1994);€òòState€v.ÏMcPhersonóó,€882€S.W.2d€365,€375€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperóó.€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.€1994);ÏòòState€v.€Carteróó,€687€S.W.2d€292,€293€(Tenn.€Crim.€App,€1984),€òòperóó.€€òòappóó.€òòdeniedóó€(Tenn.Ï1985).€€Rule€3(e)€provides€that€any€ground€asserted€for€the€granting€of€a€new€trial€mustÏbe€ð ðspecifically€stated€in€a€motion€for€a€new€trial;€€otherwise€such€issues€will€be€treatedÏas€waived.ððÌà àThis€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌÓÓà àà àà àà àà à_____________________________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àJOE€B.€JONES,€PRESIDING€JUDGEÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ______________________________________Ìà à€€€DAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌ______________________________________Ìà à€€€€€JOE€G.€RILEY,€JUDGE