ÿWPCZ ’tô?wŽQîu…Qõu“tÓ9_¾’Ìñ%pàúÚÈ3ï`l íÿ6ÔBD­Ñ¦˜GNã è„of¬Þ3áGkP2…h½j÷°!ä•X‚Ë]%Øá:õì7Rq÷"•Eã¦^oõGà™ÐÏ£K¯Euào/ÙÉ&¥œù÷mçhŒ$¡ÌTNÚšõTOîÜ\ þ_̦’Èr¢ õ<_(«ôT¯q¼cÓíI2Ý*_¯ë‘ú8YððÝÏãJö¿ú‡$W|ñ}„ØŽ¸ ÎÁBÆ0Ö+¦±›w¢˜†²Ôx[K,áÛ+±†ÕbEYìÞ*ѵâ³½!KqôÊØæ3ž[2a¬T(¼û “r;®?[Y;_£˜ö±‹âÇJ¨jó¨–ñÕ$¯îóºa˜§97ùa‡%PeÂÈqJ÷oäñ=$>_KèoFä·\Tº? £˜½Šð¨Ïs+pÔ»ÿ¡*ó~7åÇ}0ûeÞÄXWÍZZÍ©øê¾cwŽ3ؽ4Æ}ý_ëéçúiOÍ ØÅMŒ Ž£kdb %\^ b 0ˆnU NöwD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ #ÉÐ U@™ ÆÙ ÆŸ ÆeÆ+ 1‡ñNx 72z 1u¬E! 72# 0cU¸¸ 1ÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀÀbMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMMM 0ëUUUU B@@ 0¤] D5 D-6 0Kcc AS®Æ 0¤Ç 0Dk A«¯»ªs‚/Ï (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regularyö.ê:i¢×+003|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜\\IB01S02\CLERKJACÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0(ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(Š½CEKQW]cioAutoList1A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.A.3#37=CIQYag­­1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)i)(;3£$´´Ô2#ÔÚ  Ú0Ú  Ú.Ô3  Ôà0  à (÷ CEMU]emu}AutoList3(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)(a)- ù-(|G2;Ó$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ë!»»dXXdé8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô÷Äò»»Ô d(|38ª$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ë!»»dXXdé8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|38ª$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ë!»»dXXdé8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€Ë!»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ8€§XXdé»»d8Ñà@hhìàÔ‡î/Æî»»ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@òò%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†»Ë!»îî/Æá#ԈРÓ# Ðà@„ „ ìàAssigned€on€Briefs€August€5,€2003ˆÐ öF ÐÌà@” ” ìàò òSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE€v.€JASPER€TURNERó óˆÐ  f ÐÌÔ€X§X»»Ë!Ôà@, , ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Madison€CountyˆÐ 7 ‡ Ðà@T T ìàNo.€01„21€€€€€€Roy€B.€Morgan,€Jr.,€JudgeˆÐ ! q ÐÌÌà@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<Þ` A߈Ð ß/  ÐÌà@ ìàNo.€W2002„02159„CCA„R3„CD€€„€Filed€November€24,€Ô_Ô2003Ô_ԈРØ(  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<«` AßÐ ¬ü  Ðó óÌFollowing€a€jury€trial,€Defendant,€Jasper€Turner,€was€convicted€of€identity€theft,€a€Class€D€felony.Ð ¤ô  ÐHe€was€sentenced€to€twelve€years€incarceration€as€a€career€offender.€€On€appeal,€DefendantÐ Ý Ðchallenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence€to€support€the€conviction,€argues€that€the€trial€court€erredÐ vÆ Ðin€sentencing€him,€and€contends€that€it€was€plain€error€for€the€trial€court€to€allow€the€State€to€referÐ _¯ Ðto€the€victim€being€attacked€at€the€time€the€victimððs€wallet€and€credit€cards€were€taken.€€After€aÐ H˜ Ðthorough€review€of€the€evidence,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€Ð 1 ÐÌà@®®ìàò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€Court€Affirmedó óˆÐ S ÐÌòòThomas€T.€Woodall,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòNorma€McGee€Ogleóó€andÐ Ö& ÐòòRobert€W.€Wedemeyer,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð ¿ ÐÌJ.€Colin€Morris,€Jackson,€Tennessee€(on€appeal);€and€George€Morton€Ô_ÔGoogeÔ_Ô,€District€PublicÐ ‘á ÐDefender;€and€Stephen€P.€Ô_ÔSpracherÔ_Ô,€Assistant€Public€Defender,€Jackson,€Tennessee€(at€trial)€for€theÐ zÊ Ðappellant,€Jasper€Turner.€Ð c³ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€P.€Robin€Dickson,€Assistant€Attorney€General;Ð 5!…  ÐJames€G.€Woodall,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Jody€S.€Pickens,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ "n! ÐGeneral,€for€the€appellee,€the€State€of€Tennessee.Ð #W" ÐÌà@55'ìàò òOPINIONó óˆÐ Ù$) $ ÐÌà@––&ìàò òI.€€Factsó óˆÐ ¬&ü!& ÐÌà  àDefendant€did€not€testify€or€offer€any€proof€during€the€trial.€€The€evidence€presented€by€theÐ (Ï#( ÐState€is€as€follows:€On€September€11,€2000,€the€victim,€Ô_ÔSwaneeÔ_Ô€Lawrence,€was€at€his€sister„in„lawððsÐ h)¸$) Ðhome€in€Jackson€to€mow€her€yard.€€While€he€was€unlocking€a€chain€which€secured€the€mower€to€aÐ Q*¡%* Ðtree,€Lawrence€was€tackled€by€an€unidentified€person€who€took€his€wallet€and€its€contents,€includingÐ :+Š&+ Ðcredit€and€debit€cards.€€Ð #,s', Ðâ âÐ  -\(-ý Ðà  àInvestigator€Cathy€Ô_ÔFergusenÔ_Ô€of€the€Jackson€Police€Department€became€involved€in€theÐ ° Ðâ âinvestigation€of€the€incident€involving€Mr.€Lawrence.€€She€advised€Mr.€Lawrence€to€notify€theÐ ™é Ðcredit/debit€card€companies€of€the€theft.€€She€also€told€Mr.€Lawrence€to€ask€the€companies€to€notify€Ð ‚Ò Ðhim€if€there€were€any€transactions€involving€the€cards€after€the€theft.€€Subsequently,€InvestigatorÐ k» ÐÔ_ÔFergusenÔ_Ô€became€aware€that€Mr.€Lawrenceððs€Ô_ÔBancorpSouthÔ_Ô€debit€card€had€been€used€at€the€DodgeÐ T¤ Ðstore€in€Jackson€on€September€11,€after€the€card€had€been€taken€from€Mr.€Lawrence.Ð =  ÐÌà  àInvestigator€Ô_ÔFergusenÔ_Ô€went€to€the€Dodge€store€and€obtained€a€receipt€showing€that€Mr.Ð  _ ÐLawrenceððs€debit€card€had€been€used€to€make€a€purchase€in€the€amount€of€$2.60.€€The€receiptÐ ø H Ðshowed€the€purchase€was€made€at€6:05€p.m.€on€September€11,€2000,€and€was€purportedly€signedÐ á 1  Ðð ðLawrence€Ô_ÔSwaneeÔ_Ô.ðð€€The€receipt€had€imprinted€thereon€the€specific€Ô_ÔBancorpSouthÔ_Ô€debit€cardÐ Ê   Ðnumber€of€Mr.€Lawrenceððs€card,€which€was€printed€from€the€magnetic€tape€on€the€back€of€the€card.€Ð ³  ÐMr.€Lawrenceððs€name€was€printed€on€the€receipt€just€below€the€purported€signature.Ð œì  ÐÌà  àMr.€Lawrence€testified€that€the€written€name€on€the€receipt€was€not€his€signature,€that€he€hadÐ n¾  Ðnever€been€to€the€Dodge€store,€and€that€he€did€not€know€Defendant€or€ever€permit€anyone€withÐ W§  ÐDefendantððs€name€to€use€his€debit€card€to€make€a€purchase€at€the€Dodge€store.Ð @ ÐÌà  àThomas€Andrew€Young,€manager€of€the€Dodge€store,€identified€the€receipt€showing€aÐ b Ðpurchase€at€his€store€by€the€use€of€Mr.€Lawrenceððs€Ô_ÔBancorpSouthÔ_Ô€debit€card€on€the€evening€ofÐ ûK ÐSeptember€11,€2000.€€He€testified€that€at€his€store,€a€debit€card€like€Mr.€Lawrenceððs€is€read€after€theÐ ä4 Ðcardððs€magnetic€tape€is€ð ðswipedðð€through€the€machine.€€In€the€situation€of€Mr.€Lawrenceððs€card,€theÐ Í Ðmachine€read€a€code€that€generated€Mr.€Lawrenceððs€name€and€the€card€number€on€the€receipt.€€Mr.Ð ¶ ÐLawrenceððs€Ô_ÔBancorpSouthÔ_Ô€debit€card€was€made€an€exhibit€at€trial.€€In€addition€to€the€magnetic€strip,Ð Ÿï ÐMr.€Lawrenceððs€full€name€and€the€card€number€are€embossed€upon€the€card.€€Mr.€Young€stated€thatÐ ˆØ Ðif€the€machine€was€unable€to€read€the€magnetic€strip,€a€purchase€could€still€be€made€using€the€cardÐ qÁ Ðby€manually€ð ðpunching€inðð€the€card€number€to€facilitate€a€transaction.Ð Zª ÐÌà  àInvestigator€Ô_ÔFergusenÔ_Ô€obtained€a€statement€from€Defendant€after€informing€him€of€hisÐ ,| ÐòòMirandaóó€rights€and€after€Defendant€signed€a€waiver€of€these€rights.€€Defendant€admitted€to€usingÐ e ÐMr.€Lawrenceððs€debit€card€to€make€the€purchase€reflected€on€the€receipt,€after€he€was€shown€ð ðstillððÐ þN Ðphotographs€of€himself€made€from€the€videotape€taken€at€the€Dodge€store.€€Defendant€denied€beingÐ ç 7 Ðinvolved€in€the€theft€of€the€wallet€and€card€from€Mr.€Lawrence.€€Defendant€stated€that€he€found€theÐ Ð!   Ðcard€on€the€ground€near€an€old€car€wash€and€took€it€to€the€Dodge€store€and€made€one€purchase.€€ItÐ ¹" ! Ðis€not€explained€in€the€record€when€or€under€what€circumstances€the€Ô_ÔBancorpSouthÔ_Ô€debit€cardÐ ¢#ò" Ðbelonging€to€Mr.€Lawrence€was€recovered.€€Ð ‹$Û# ÐÌà@êê$ìàò òII.€€Analysisó óˆÐ ]&­!% ÐÌA.€€Sufficiency€of€the€EvidenceÐ 0(€#' ÐÌÔ‡ X³ý XXX§Ôà  àWhen€an€accused€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€court€must€review€theÐ *R%) Ðrecord€to€determine€if€the€evidence€adduced€during€the€trial€was€sufficient€"to€support€the€findingÐ ë*;&* Ðby€the€trier€of€fact€of€guilt€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt."€€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e).€€This€rule€isÐ Ô+$'+ Ðapplicable€to€findings€of€guilt€predicated€upon€direct€evidence,€circumstantial€evidence€or€aÐ ° Ðcombination€of€direct€and€circumstantial€evidence.€òòState€v.€Breweróó,€932€S.W.2d€1,18€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ™é ÐApp.€1996).Ð ‚Ò Ðà  àà ` àÌ€à  àIn€determining€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€court€does€not€reweigh€or€reevaluate€theÐ T¤ Ðevidence.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832,€835€(Tenn.€1978).€€Nor€may€this€court€substitute€itsÐ =  Ðinferences€for€those€drawn€by€the€trier€of€fact€from€circumstantial€evidence.€€òòÔ_ÔLiakasÔ_Ô€v.€Stateóó,€199Ð & v ÐTenn.€298,€305,€286€S.W.2d€856,€859€(1956).€€To€the€contrary,€this€court€is€required€to€afford€theÐ  _ ÐState€the€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€contained€in€the€record€as€well€as€all€reasonableÐ ø H Ðand€legitimate€inferences€which€may€be€drawn€from€the€evidence.€€òòState€v.€Tuttleóó,€914€S.W.2d€926,Ð á 1  Ð932€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).Ð Ê   ÐÌà  àThe€trier€of€fact,€not€this€court,€resolves€questions€concerning€the€credibility€of€the€witnesses,Ð œì  Ðthe€weight€and€value€to€be€given€the€evidence€as€well€as€all€factual€issues€raised€by€the€evidence.€Ð …Õ  ÐòòId.óó€€In€òòState€v.€Graceóó,€the€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€stated,€"[a]€guilty€verdict€by€the€jury,€approvedÐ n¾  Ðby€the€trial€judge,€accredits€the€testimony€of€the€witnesses€for€the€State€and€resolves€all€conflicts€inÐ W§  Ðfavor€of€the€theory€of€the€State."€€493€S.W.2d€474,€476€(Tenn.€1973).€€€Ð @ ÐÌà  àBecause€a€verdict€of€guilt€removes€the€presumption€of€innocence€and€replaces€it€with€aÐ b Ðpresumption€of€guilt,€the€accused€has€the€burden€in€this€court€of€illustrating€why€the€evidence€isÐ ûK Ðinsufficient€to€support€the€verdict€returned€by€the€trier€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Ô_ÔTuggleÔ_Ôóó,€639€S.W.2d€913,€914Ð ä4 Ð(Tenn.€1982);€òòGraceóó,€493€S.W.2d€at€476.€€Ð Í ÐÔ#†X§X X X³ý¤#ÔÌà  àTennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„14„150(a)€defines€the€crime€of€identity€theft€asÐ Ÿï Ðfollows:€ð ðò òó óA€person€commits€identity€theft€who€knowingly€transfers€or€uses,€without€lawful€authority,Ð ˆØ Ða€means€of€identification€of€another€person€with€the€intent€to€commit,€or€otherwise€promote,€carryÐ qÁ Ðon,€or€facilitate€any€unlawful€activity.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„14„150(a)€(Supp.€2002).€€ò òó óÐ Zª ÐÌà  àAs€pertinent€to€Defendantððs€appeal€in€this€case,€the€term€ð ðmeans€of€identificationðð€is€alsoÐ ,| Ðdefined:Ð e ÐÌÓ ÐÓÓ ÐÓ(b)€As€used€in€this€section,€ð ðmeans€of€identificationðð€means€any€name€or€numberÐ ç 7 Ðthat€may€be€used,€alone€or€in€conjunction€with€any€other€information,€to€identifyÐ Ð!   Ða€specific€individualò òó ó,€including:Ð ¹" ! ÐÌ(1)€Name,€social€security€number,€date€of€birth,€official€state€or€governmentÐ ‹$Û# Ðissued€driver€license€or€identification€number,€alien€registration€number,€passportÐ t%Ä $ Ðnumber,€employer€or€taxpayer€identification€number;Ð ]&­!% ÐÌ(2)€Unique€biometric€data,€such€as€fingerprint,€voice€print,€retina€or€iris€image,€orÐ /(#' Ðother€unique€physical€representation;Ð )h$( ÐÌÔ_Ô(3)€Unique€electronic€identification€number,€address,€routing€code€or€otherÐ ê*:&* Ðpersonal€identifying€data€which€enables€an€individual€to€obtain€merchandise€orÐ Ó+#'+ Ðservice€or€to€otherwise€financially€encumber€the€legitimate€possessor€of€theÐ ° Ðidentifying€data;€orÐ ™é ÐÌ(4)€Telecommunication€identifying€information€or€access€device.€€Ð k» ÐÓ Ðu*ÓÓ Ðg*ÓÌTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„14„150(b)€(Supp.€2002).Ð =  ÐÌà  àIn€his€argument€challenging€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€Defendant€does€not€state€whichÐ  _ Ðelement(s)€of€the€crime€of€identity€theft€was€not€established€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€DefendantÐ ø H Ðdoes€argue€that€at€most€he€was€guilty€of€fraudulent€use€of€a€debit€card,€in€violation€of€TennesseeÐ á 1  ÐCode€Annotated€section€39„14„118(b).€€In€fact,€the€indictment€charging€him€with€one€count€ofÐ Ê   Ðidentity€theft€also€originally€contained€an€additional€count€charging€him€with€the€offense€ofÐ ³  Ðfraudulent€use€of€a€debit€card€involving€the€same€transaction.€€On€the€day€of€trial,€prior€to€the€juryÐ œì  Ðbeing€sworn,€the€count€charging€fraudulent€use€of€a€debit€card€was€dismissed€by€the€trial€court€uponÐ …Õ  Ðthe€Stateððs€motion€for€òònolle€prosequióó.€€This€was€done€without€an€objection€by€Defendant.€€On€appeal,Ð n¾  ÐDefendant€now€argues€that€the€trial€court€ð ðabused€its€discretionðð€in€allowing€the€òònolle€prosequióó,€andÐ W§  Ðthat€the€trial€court€should€have€found€ð ðplain€errorðð€in€the€dismissal.€€Understandably,€the€DefendantÐ @ Ðcites€no€authority€in€support€of€his€rather€unique€argument.€€Ð )y ÐÌà  àNevertheless,€from€the€proof€in€the€record,€a€conviction€for€fraudulent€use€of€a€debit€cardÐ ûK Ðcould€have€been€sustained€if€the€State€had€chosen€ultimately€to€prosecute€Defendant€for€that€offense.€Ð ä4 ÐHowever,€there€is€nothing€in€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„14„118€which€precludesÐ Í Ðprosecution€under€any€general€statute€for€the€criminal€act€that€the€proof€showed€DefendantÐ ¶ Ðcommitted.€€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„11„109(a)€provides,€ð ð[Ô_Ôw]henÔ_Ô€the€same€conductÐ Ÿï Ðmay€be€defined€under€both€a€specific€statute€and€a€general€statute,€the€person€may€be€prosecutedÐ ˆØ Ðunder€either€statute€unless€the€specific€statute€precludes€prosecution€under€the€general€statute.ðð€Ð qÁ ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€39„11„109(a)€(Tenn.€1997).€€Ð Zª ÐÌà  àò òó óThe€overwhelming€proof€in€this€case€is€that€Defendant€knowingly€used€Mr.€Lawrenceððs€debitÐ ,| Ðcard€(which€had€both€Mr.€Lawrenceððs€name€and€electronic€identification€number€imprinted€on€it,Ð e Ðas€well€as€in€the€magnetic€tape€on€the€card)€without€lawful€authority,€with€the€intent€to€facilitate€ð ðanyÐ þN Ðunlawful€activity.ðð€€In€this€case,€the€evidence€clearly€showed€that€Defendant€committed€forgeryÐ ç 7 Ðwhen€he€signed€Mr.€Lawrenceððs€name€to€the€receipt€from€the€Dodge€store.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ð Ð!   Ððð€39„14„114(a)€and€(b)(1)(A)(Ô_ÔiÔ_Ô).Ð ¹" ! ÐÌà  àThe€State€was€authorized€by€statute,€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€39„11„109(a),€toÐ ‹$Û# Ðprosecute€Defendant€under€the€general€statute€of€identity€theft,€rather€than€the€more€specific€statuteÐ t%Ä $ Ðof€fraudulent€use€of€a€debit€card.€€òòSee€State€v.€Phillipsóó,€967€S.W.2d€826,€828€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð ]&­!% Ð1997).€€Furthermore,€the€evidence€was€sufficient€to€establish€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt€thatÐ F'–"& ÐDefendant€was€guilty€of€identity€theft.€€Defendant€is€not€entitled€to€relief€on€this€issue.Ð /(#' ÐÌB.€€SentencingÐ *Q%) Ðâ âÐ ê*:&* Ðà  àThe€transcript€reflects€that€Defendant€personally€accepted,€in€open€court,€the€sentence€ofÐ ° Ðâ âtwelve€years€as€a€career€offender€in€conjunction€with€a€negotiated€plea€in€two€other€cases,€whichÐ ™é Ðincluded€a€provision€that€the€sentences€in€the€unrelated€cases€would€be€served€concurrently€with€theÐ ‚Ò Ðtwelve„year€sentence€imposed€for€the€conviction€of€identity€theft.€€Defendant€clearly€asserted,€andÐ k» Ðthe€trial€court€agreed,€that€Defendant€was€not€waiving€his€right€to€appeal€the€conviction,€but€wasÐ T¤ Ðonly€waiving€his€right€to€appeal€his€sentence€if€the€conviction€was€affirmed.€€Defendant€concedesÐ =  Ðthis€in€his€brief€and€fails€to€cite€authority€in€support€of€his€argument.€€Therefore€the€issue€is€waived.€Ð & v ÐòòSeeóó€Tenn.€Ct.€Crim.€App.€R.€10(b).€€òòòòóóóóò òó óÐ  _ ÐÌC.€€Prosecutorððs€Reference€to€the€Victim€being€ð ðAttackedððÐ á 1  ÐÌà  àDefendant€asserts€that€the€trial€court€should€have€declared€a€mistrial€when€the€prosecutorÐ ³  Ðmade€the€statement,€emphasized€below,€during€direct€examination€of€the€victim:Ð œì  ÐÌà8  àQà0` Ð Ð àAnd€you€were€over€there€cutting€her€grass.Ðn¾ ` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌà8  àAà0` Ð Ð àYes,€sir.€€I€was€in€the€habit€of€cutting€her€grass€for€them.€€She€has€„€„€WellÐ @ Ðthereððs€two€elderly€sisters€that€live€there.Ð)y` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌò òà8  àQà0` Ð Ð àAnd,€Mr.€Lawrence,€while€you€were€there€and€I€believe€about€to€unlockÐ ûK Ðthe€mowers,€you€were€assaulted€by€someone.€€Correct?Ðå5` Ð ` Ð  Ðó óÌà8  àAà0` Ð Ð àRight.€€I€was€in€the€process,€had€the€lawnmower€locked€„€„€chained€to€a€treeÐ ¸ Ðto€keep€somebody€from€stealing€it,€and€I€was€in€the€process€of€unlocking€itÐ ¡ñ Ðwhen€somebody€tackles€me€from€behind.ЊÚ` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌò òà8  àQà0` Ð Ð àDuring€the€time€that€you€were€out€there€about€to€cut€the€grass€and€youÐ \¬ Ðwere€assaulted,€your€wallet€was€taken.€€Correct?ÐF–` Ð ` Ð  Ðó óÌà8  àAà0` Ð Ð àRight.Ði` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌà8  àQà0` Ð Ð àAnd,€also,€I€guess€with€that€wallet,€all€the€items€that€were€contained€in€thatÐ ë ; Ðwallet€were€taken€also.ÐÔ!$ ` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌà8  àAà0` Ð Ð àRight.Ц#ö"` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌà8  àQà0` Ð Ð àOkay.€€Mr.€Lawrence,€the€court€officer€is€going€to€hand€you€something,€andÐ x%È $ ÐIððll€ask€you,€do€you€recognize€that?Ða&±!%` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌà8  àAà0` Ð Ð àItððs€my€Ô_ÔBancorpSouthÔ_Ô€debit€card,€bank€card,€that€has€my€signature€on€theÐ 3(ƒ#' Ðback.Ð)l$(` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌà8  àQà0` Ð Ð àNow,€was€that€one€of€the€cards€that€was€taken€from€you€that€day?Ðî*>&*` Ð ` Ð  ÐÐ ×+''+ Ðà8  àAà0` Ð Ð àRight.а` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌà  àNo€objection€was€made€by€Defendant€to€the€questions,€and€he€asserts€that€the€trial€courtÐ ‚Ò Ðcommitted€ð ðplain€errorðð€by€not€declaring€a€mistrial€based€upon€the€prosecutorððs€remarks.€€He€makesÐ k» Ðno€effort€in€his€brief€to€demonstrate€how€this€is€ð ðplain€errorðð€within€the€factors€set€forth€in€òòState€v.Ð T¤ ÐÔ_ÔAdkissonÔ_Ôóó,€899€S.W.2d€626,€641„42€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994)ò òó ó.€€Defendant€does€make€the€assertionÐ =  Ðthat€the€prosecutorððs€questions€ð ðtaint€the€jury€and€[sic]€to€make€them€think€that€the€Defendant€playedÐ & v Ða€part€in€Mr.€Lawrence€being€robbed.ððÐ  _ ÐÌà  àDefendant€was€not€charged€with€robbery.€€Neither€the€victim€nor€anyone€else€identifiedÐ á 1  ÐDefendant€as€the€person€who€ð ðattackedðð€the€victim.€€Defendant€admitted€in€his€statement€to€policeÐ Ê   Ðthat€he€made€a€purchase€at€the€Dodge€store€using€Mr.€Lawrenceððs€debit€card.€€Photographs€takenÐ ³  Ðfrom€a€security€videotape€showed€Defendant€making€the€transaction.€€Ð œì  ÐÌà  àAs€stated€above,€Defendant€made€no€objection€at€the€time€of€the€prosecutorððs€questions.€€TheÐ n¾  Ðfailure€to€object€contemporaneously€constitutes€a€waiver€of€the€issue.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€App.€P€36(a);Ð W§  Ðòòsee€also€State€v.€Littleóó,€854€S.W.2d€643,€651€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1992).€€Ð @ Ðà  àÌÔ‡ X³ý XXX§Ôà  àAn€error€which€has€affected€the€substantial€right€of€a€defendant€may€be€noticed€at€any€timeÐ b Ðin€the€discretion€of€the€appellate€court€where€necessary€to€do€substantial€justice.€€òòState€v.€Tayloróó,€992Ð ûK ÐS.W.2d€941,€944€(Tenn.€1999).€€ð ðPlain€errorðð€or€ð ðfundamental€errorðð€is€recognized€under€TennesseeÐ ä4 ÐRule€of€Criminal€Procedure€52(b).€€òòÔ_ÔAdkissonÔ_Ôóó,€899€S.W.2d€at€639.€€òòóóSome€errors€are€so€fundamentalÐ Í Ðand€pervasive€that€they€require€reversal€without€regard€to€the€facts€or€circumstances€of€the€particularÐ ¶ Ðcase.€€òòDelaware€v.€Van€Ô_ÔArsdallÔ_Ôóó,€475€U.S.€673,€681,€106€S.€Ct.€1431,€1436,€89€L.€Ed.€2d€674€(1986).€Ð Ÿï ÐÌà  àThere€are€five€factors€which€must€be€present€for€a€court€to€determine€ð ðplain€errorðð€exists:Ð qÁ ÐÓ€ (÷ 83ÓÌà  àà ` à(a)€€the€record€must€clearly€establish€what€occurred€in€the€trial€court;€Ð C“ Ðà  àà ` à(b)€€a€clear€and€unequivocal€rule€of€law€must€have€been€breached;€Ð ,| Ðà  àà ` à(c)€€a€substantial€right€of€the€accused€must€have€been€adversely€affected;€Ð e Ðà  àà ` à(d)€€the€accused€did€not€waive€the€issue€for€tactical€reasons;€and€Ð þN Ðà  àà ` à(e)€€consideration€of€the€error€is€ð ðnecessary€to€do€substantial€justice.ðð€Ð ç 7 ÐÌòòState€v.€Smithóó,€24€S.W.3d€274,€282€(Tenn.€2000)€(citing€òòÔ_ÔAdkissonÔ_Ôóó,€899€S.W.2d€at€641„42).Ð ¹" ! ÐÌà  àComplete€consideration€of€all€five€factors€is€unnecessary€if€at€least€one€is€absent.€€òòIdóó.€at€283.€Ð ‹$Û# ÐFurthermore,€the€plain€error€must€be€such€that€it€probably€changed€the€outcome€of€the€trial.€Ð t%Ä $ ÐòòÔ_ÔAdkissonÔ_Ôóó,€899€S.W.2d€at€642.€€€Ð ]&­!% ÐÔ#†X§X X X³ýP#Ôà  àÌà  àSince€Defendant€was€not€clearly€identified€as€the€person€who€ð ðattackedðð€the€victim,€it€cannotÐ /(#' Ðbe€said€that€ð ðother€crimesðð€by€Defendant€were€admitted€into€evidence€in€violation€of€Rule€404(b)Ð )h$( Ðof€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Evidenceò òó ó.€€Also,€the€proof€of€Defendantððs€guilt€as€to€identity€theft€was€soÐ *Q%) Ðâ âoverwhelming€that€even€if€it€was€error€to€allow€the€prosecutor€to€ask€the€questions,€it€cannot€beÐ ê*:&* Ðconcluded€that€these€questions€changed€the€outcome€of€the€trial.€€Defendant€is€not€entitled€to€reliefÐ ° Ðon€this€issue.Ð ™é Ðâ âÌà@GG%ìàò òCONCLUSIONˆÐ k» ÐÌó óà0  àFor€the€reasons€stated€herein,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ð? (#(# ÐÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð  a Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àTHOMAS€T.€WOODALL,€JUDGE