ÿWPC …# VUNa %¯ 0(µ4Ýñb  w@ 0JP 0Tš 0^î 0hL 0r´ 0|& 0†¢ 0( 1u¸ 0d- B‘ U>® B)ì DCU*X D3‚ AMµä 0@æv~&vÓ¤ AOwÆÆ 0DŒ D/Ð Bÿ˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLHÎ(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡Ô¡¨ @ d3|xK- ù- 9:D;<D=>D?e@UADBÓ€2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ d< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman% Line 7 d''''7Border 1dd< Œ 9p`(Arial%%%%'ÿÿdxd€-(Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ÚÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€&ÔÝ  ÝÔ€)ÔÔ€)ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€)XÔÌÌSeptember€19,€1997ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  ÒPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€&ÔÝ  Ý›Ò 4 ÒÒ ° ÒÒ 4 ÒÒ „ ÒÑ\R AØ'\ќـ€ÙÔ€)ÔÑ\R AØ'\ÑßR€+,(A1-j|` ç `€€@ÿRß›Þ ÞÌà àò òIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌÓ ` ܆XDp”X Óà àà àà à€€€€€€€€€€à ààQ àAT€NASHVILLEÌÌÓ` °‡XDp”XÓ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€à àà àMAY€1997€SESSIONó óÌÌÌÌÌà àÓ ` ®DÓò ò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ó ó)ò òÌÓ` cÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à àó ó)€ÌÓ ` ¸ cÓà àà à)€C.C.A.€No.€€01C01„9608„CR„00341à àAppellee,à à)Ìà àà à)€Davidson€CountyÌV.€€€€€€€à à)Ìà àà à)€Honorable€Seth€Norman,€JudgeÌò òà àà àó ó)ò òÌTYRONE€W.€VANLIER,€SR.,ó óà à)€(Rape€of€a€Child„„Two€Counts)Ìà àà à)€à àAppellant.à à)Ìà àà àÌÌÌÌÓ` ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANT:à àFOR€THE€APPELLEE:ÌÌRoger€K.€Smithà àCharles€W.€BursonÌAttorney€at€Lawà àAttorney€General€&€Reporter€ÌSuite€115Ì104€Woodmont€Boulevardà àPeter€M.€CoughlanÌNashville,€TN€37205à àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌà à450€James€Robertson€ParkwayÌà àNashville,€TN€37243„0493Ìà àÌà àVictor€S.€Johnson€IIIÌà àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà àLila€StatomÌà àAssistant€District€Attorney€GeneralÌà àWashington€Square,€Suite€500Ìà à222„2nd€Avenue€NorthÌà àNashville,€TN€37201„1649ÌÌÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€€___________________ÌÌÌò òCONVICTIONS€AFFIRMED;ÌRESENTENCING€ORDERED€AS€TOÌCONSECUTIVE€SENTENCESÌó óÌò òÌPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,ó óÌJudgeÌÌÌÌò òÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÓ ` pÓÔ  ÔÌO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó ó€ÌÑ  ÑÑ7€6 XXdìXXdì7ÑÑ€ ÑÌÌÓÓÓ  ÓÓ ` ¸ pÓà àThe€appellant,€Tyrone€W.€Vanlier,€Sr.,€was€convicted€by€a€jury€of€twoÌcounts€of€rape€of€a€child.€€He€was€sentenced€to€twenty„one€years€for€each€countÏwith€the€sentences€to€be€served€consecutively.€€On€appeal,€the€appellantÏpresents€three€issues€for€our€review:€(1)€whether€the€evidence€was€sufficient€toÏsupport€the€jury€verdict€of€guilt€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt;€(2)€whether€the€trialÏcourt€properly€applied€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€40„35„114(5),€(6),€(7),€and€(9)Ï(Supp.€1993)€as€enhancement€factors;€and€(3)€whether€the€trial€court€properlyÏimposed€consecutive€sentences€pursuant€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€40„35„115(b)(5)€(1990).€€We€affirm€the€appellantððs€convictions€and€remand€forÏresentencing€as€to€the€issue€of€consecutive€sentences.ÌÌà àThe€appellant€and€the€victimððs€mother€had€a€long„term€relationship,Ïwhich€included€the€birth€of€a€son.€€The€appellant,€who€had€lived€in€the€homeÍwith€the€victim€intermittently€for€several€years,€was€convicted€of€raping€the€victimÏanally€and€vaginally€in€a€single€episode€that€occurred€in€June€1993.ÌÌà àFirst,€the€appellant€challenges€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence.€€HeÏcontends€that€the€evidence€is€insufficient€to€show€penetration,€which€is€one€ofÏthe€elements€of€the€crime.€€€The€state€argues€that€there€is€ample€evidence€thatÏthe€appellant€raped€the€victim€anally€and€vaginally.€€The€state€maintains€that€theÏtears€in€the€victimððs€rectum€and€vagina,€as€well€as€the€semen€found€in€bothÏareas,€indicate€penetration.ÌÌà à€Great€weight€is€accorded€jury€verdicts€in€criminal€trials.€€Jury€verdictsÏaccredit€the€stateððs€witnesses€and€resolve€all€evidentiary€conflicts€in€the€stateððsÏfavor.€€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,€657€S.W.2d€405,€410€(Tenn.€1983);€òòState€v.€Banesóó,€874ÏS.W.2d€73,€78€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993).€€On€appeal,€the€state€is€entitled€to€bothÏthe€strongest€legitimate€view€of€the€evidence€and€all€reasonable€inferencesÏwhich€may€be€drawn€therefrom.€€òòState€v.€Cabbageóó,€571€S.W.2d€832€(Tenn.Ï1978).€€Moreover,€guilty€verdicts€remove€the€presumption€of€innocence,€enjoyedÏby€defendants€at€trial,€and€replace€it€with€a€presumption€of€guilt.€€òòState€v.€Graceóó,Ï493€S.W.2d€474€(Tenn.€1973).€€Appellants,€therefore,€carry€the€burden€ofÏovercoming€a€presumption€of€guilt€when€appealing€jury€convictions.€€òòId.óóÌÌà àWhen€appellants€challenge€the€sufficiency€of€the€evidence,€this€CourtÏmust€determine€whether,€after€viewing€the€evidence€in€a€light€most€favorable€toÍthe€prosecution,€any€rational€trier€of€fact€could€have€found€the€essentialÏelements€of€a€crime€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€€òòJackson€v.€Virginiaóó,€443€U.S.Ï307€(1979);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(e);€òòState€v.€Duncanóó,€698€S.W.2d€63€(Tenn.Ï1985).€€The€weight€and€credibility€of€a€witnessðð€testimony€are€matters€entrustedÏexclusively€to€the€jury€as€the€triers€of€fact.€€òòState€v.€Sheffieldóó,€676€S.W.2d€542Ï(Tenn.€1984);€òòByrge€v.€Stateóó,€575€S.W.2d€292€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1978).ÌÌà àUpon€listening€to€the€testimony€at€trial,€viewing€the€witnessðð€demeanor,Ïand€considering€the€witnessðð€testimony€in€light€of€all€the€facts€in€the€case,€theÏjury€chose€to€accredit€the€stateððs€witnesses.€€Assessing€the€credibility€ofÏwitnesses€is€the€purview€of€the€jury.€€òòState€v.€Banesóó,€874€S.W.2d€73,€78€(Tenn.ÏCrim.€App.€1993).€€Accordingly,€after€reviewing€the€evidence€in€a€light€mostÏfavorable€to€the€state,€we€conclude€that€the€record€supports€the€appellantððsÏconvictions.ÌÌà àSecond,€the€appellant€challenges€the€trial€courtððs€use€of€the€followingÏfour€enhancement€factors:€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðððð€40„35„114(5),€(6),€(7),€and€(9)Ï(Supp.€1993).€€The€appellant€first€argues€that€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€40„35„114(5)Ïwas€improperly€applied€to€enhance€his€sentence.€€This€statute€states:€ð ðTheÏdefendant€treated€or€allowed€a€victim€to€be€treated€with€exceptional€crueltyÏduring€the€commission€of€the€offense.ðð€€The€state€argues€that€this€factor€appliesÏbecause€the€victim€suffered€tears€to€her€vaginal€and€anal€areas€and€sufferedÏemotional€trauma.€€ÌÌà àThe€appellant€argues€that€in€order€for€the€enhancement€factor€ofÏð ðexceptional€crueltyðð€to€apply,€something€extra,€over€and€above€the€injuriesÏsuffered€as€a€result€of€the€attack,€must€be€present.€€The€appellant€cites€twoÏcases€in€support€of€his€argument:€òòState€v.€Hollandóó,€860€S.W.2d€53€(Tenn.€Crim.ÏApp.€1993)€and€òòState€v.€Davisóó,€825€S.W.2d€109€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991).€€InÏòòHollandóó,€the€victim€was€ð ðbeaten€and€bruised€all€over€her€body.ðð€€òòHollandóó,€860ÏS.W.2d€at€61,€n.18.€€€Also,€in€òòDavisóó,€the€rape€victim€was€forced€to€disrobe€and€toÏbe€bound;€and€the€defendant€urinated€in€the€victimððs€mouth.€€òòDavisóó,€825€S.W.2dÏat€113.€The€appellant€contends€that€such€cruelty€was€not€present€in€this€case,Ïand€therefore,€this€enhancement€factor€should€not€have€been€applied.ÌÌà àWe€agree€with€the€appellant€that€his€sentence€should€not€have€beenÏenhanced€based€upon€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(5).€€We€do€not€questionÏthe€injuries€suffered€by€the€victim.€€However,€such€injuries€are€consistent€withÏthose€flowing€from€the€crime€itself.€€€Legally,€they€do€not€warrant€enhancing€theÏappellantððs€sentence€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(5).ÌÌà àNext,€the€appellant€challenges€the€trial€courtððs€use€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ìðð€40„35„114(6):€ð ðThe€personal€injuries€inflicted€upon€.€.€.€€the€victim€[were]Ïparticularly€great.ðð€€€€The€state€argues€that€the€damage€to€the€victimððs€mentalÏhealth€makes€this€enhancement€factor€applicable.€€The€appellant,€however,Ïcontends€that€any€damage€to€the€victimððs€mental€health€does€not€rise€to€the€levelÍof€a€ð ðparticularly€greatðð€injury,€citing€òòState€v.€Jonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€597€(Tenn.Ï1994).€€ÌÌà àIn€òòJonesóó,€our€Supreme€Court€stated€that€the€following€conditions€ð ðsatisfyÏthe€definition€of€a€ððparticularly€greatðð€injury:ðð€ð ðsubstantial€risk€of€death,ððÏð ðprotracted€unconsciousness,ðð€ð ðextreme€physical€pain,ðð€ð ðprotracted€or€obviousÏdisfigurement,ðð€and€ð ðprotracted€loss€or€substantial€impairment€of€a€function€of€aÏbodily€member,€organ,€or€mental€faculty.ðð€€òòJonesóó,€883€S.W.2d€at€602.ÌÌà àThe€evidence€indicated€that€the€victim€attended€several€therapy€sessionsÏbefore€stopping€them€approximately€eleven€months€after€the€offense.€€AlthoughÏthere€was€some€testimony€about€future€repercussions€to€the€victim,€there€was€noÏevidence€that€her€injuries€arose€to€the€criteria€as€defined€by€our€Supreme€Court.€ÏTherefore,€we€agree€with€the€appellant€that€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€€40„35„114(6)Ïwas€improperly€applied€to€enhance€his€sentence.ÌÌà àNext,€the€appellant€challenges€the€trial€courtððs€use€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ì€ðð€40„35„114(7):€€ð ðThe€offense€involved€a€victim€and€was€committed€to€gratify€theÏdefendantððs€desire€for€pleasure€or€excitement.ðð€€€The€state€maintains€that€theÏappellant€acted€to€gratify€his€desire€for€sexual€pleasure.Ìà àÌà àThe€appellant€argues€that€ð ðthe€state€did€not€prove€or€argue€theÏdefendantððs€motive€concerning€this€enhancement€factorðð€and€that€ð ðthe€trial€courtÍdid€not€find€that€a€motive€for€the€defendant€in€committing€the€offenses€was€toÏgratify€the€defendantððs€desire€for€pleasure€or€excitement.ðð€€€In€support€of€hisÏargument,€the€appellant€in€his€brief€cites€òòState€v.€Kissingeróó,€922€S.W.2d€482Ï(Tenn.€1996)€and€òòState€v.€Harrisóó,€866€S.W.2d€583€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1992).Ìà àÔ€&ÔÌÔ€)Ôà àIn€òòKissingeróó,€our€Supreme€Court€considered€the€issue€of€whether€anÏorgasm€was€sufficient€proof€that€an€offense€was€committed€to€satisfy€aÏdefendantððs€desire€for€pleasure€or€excitement.€€The€court€observed:ÌÌÓÓà à€The€essence€of€factor€(7)€is€the€legislative€determinationÌà à€that€those€who€are€motivated€to€commit€a€crime€to€gratify€Ìà à€their€own€desire€for€pleasure€or€excitement€should€be€Ìà à€punished€more€severely€than€those€who€are€not.€€The€focusÌà à€is€the€offenderððs€motive,€not€the€eventual€result.ÌÌà à€€€€€€.€.€.€That€orgasm€did€or€did€not€occur€is€simply€one€factor€Ìà à€a€court€may€consider€in€determining€whether€the€offender€Ìà à€committed€the€offense€to€gratify€the€offenderððs€desire€for€Ìà à€pleasure€or€excitement.€€That€an€offender€experienced€Ìà à€orgasm€does€not€in€and€of€itself€prove€the€existence€of€Ìà à€the€factor.€€Likewise,€that€orgasm€did€not€occur€does€notÌà à€necessarily€negate€the€finding.ÌÓÓÌòòKissingeróó,€922€S.W.2d€at€490„91.€€In€òòHarrisóó,€this€Court€observed€that€ð ðtheÏsentencing€court€must€scrutinize€this€enhancement€factor€very€closely€beforeÏapplying€it€in€cases€of€rape.€€Common€sense€would€dictate€that€anÏenhancement€factor€which€is€normally€present€in€a€certain€type€of€crime€shouldÏnot€carry€much€weight€in€and€of€itself.ðð€€òòHarrisóó,€866€S.W.2d€at€588.€€ÌÌà àThe€appellantððs€own€testimony€regarding€the€victim€and€how€he€thoughtÏthat€something€might€occur€the€night€of€the€rape€support€the€stateððs€argumentÏthat€the€appellant€acted€to€gratify€his€desire€for€pleasure€or€excitement.€ÏTherefore,€we€agree€with€the€state€that€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€40„35„114(7)€wasÏproperly€applied€to€enhance€the€appellantððs€sentence.Ô€&ÔÌÌà àÔ€)ÔFinally,€the€appellant€challenges€the€trial€courtððs€use€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€€Ïðð€€40„35„114(9):€ð ðThe€defendant€possessed€or€employed€a€firearm,€explosiveÏdevice€or€other€deadly€weapon€during€the€commission€of€the€offense.ðð€€DuringÏthe€appellantððs€testimony,€he€denied€using€a€knife;€but€the€victim€testified€thatÏthe€appellant€used€a€knife€during€the€commission€of€the€crime.ÌÌà àUpon€listening€to€the€testimony€at€trial,€viewing€the€witnessðð€demeanor,Ïand€considering€the€witnessðð€testimony€in€light€of€all€the€facts€in€the€case,€theÏjury€chose€to€believe€the€victim.€€We,€therefore,€conclude€that€the€trial€courtÏproperly€applied€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(9)€to€enhance€the€appellantððsÏsentence.ÌÌà àThus,€after€considering€the€range€of€punishment€of€fifteen€to€twenty„fiveÏyears€for€each€offense,€we€conclude€that€the€enhancement€factors€applied€inÏthis€case€warrant€the€trial€courtððs€assessment€of€twenty„one€years.ÌÌà àThird,€the€appellant€challenges€the€trial€courtððs€imposition€of€consecutiveÏsentences.€€€He€argues€that€his€aggregate€maximum€sentence€is€not€reasonablyÏrelated€to€the€severity€of€the€offenses.€€The€state€maintains€that€the€appellantððsÏsentence€is€reasonably€related€to€the€severity€of€the€offenses€and€thatÏconsecutive€sentencing€is€warranted€to€protect€the€public.ÌÌ€à àWhen€an€appellant€challenges€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€service€ofÏa€sentence,€this€Court€conducts€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€review€with€a€presumption€that€theÏdeterminations€made€by€the€trial€court€are€correct.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)€(1990).€€However,€this€presumption€is€conditioned€on€an€affirmativeÏindication€in€the€record€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€sentencing€principlesÏand€all€relevant€facts€and€circumstances.€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169Ï(Tenn.€1991).€€ÌÌà àThe€appellant€received€consecutive€sentences€pursuant€to€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(5)€(1990)€which€provides€that€the€court€may€orderÏconsecutive€sentencing€if€the€appellant€ð ðis€convicted€of€two€(2)€or€more€statutoryÏoffenses€involving€sexual€abuse€of€a€minor€with€consideration€of€theÏaggravating€circumstances€arising€from€the€relationship€between€the€defendantÏand€the€victim€.€.€..ðð€€€€The€state€argues€that€because€the€victim€in€this€case€wasÏraped€vaginally€and€anally€in€a€single€episode,€which€the€state€argues€is€twoÏoffenses,€€consecutive€sentencing€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€€ðð€40„35„115(b)(5)€isÏwarranted.€€Also,€the€state€argues€under€òòState€v.€Wilkersonóó,€905€S.W.2d€933Í(Tenn.€1995),€that€the€appellantððs€aggregate€sentence€is€reasonably€related€toÏthe€severity€of€the€crimes€involved.€€ÌÌà àUnder€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„115(b)(5),€consecutive€sentencing€is€notÏmandatory.€€€€As€the€appellant€noted€in€his€brief,€this€statute€codifies€theÏdecisions€in€two€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€cases:€òòState€v.€Tayloróó,€739€S.W.2dÏ227€(Tenn.€1987)€and€òò€Gray€v.€Stateóó,€538€S.W.2d€391€(Tenn.€1976).€€The€courtÏin€òòTayloróó€held€ð ðthat€consecutive€sentences€should€not€routinely€be€imposed€inÏsexual€abuse€cases€.€.€.€and€that€the€aggregate€maximum€of€consecutive€termsÏmust€be€reasonably€related€to€the€severity€of€the€offenses€involved.ðð€€€€òòTayloróó,Ï739€S.W.2d€at€230.€€The€appellant€also€notes€that€in€òòTayloróó€the€trial€courtÏsentenced€the€defendant€in€that€case€to€twenty„four€years€out€of€a€possible€fortyÏyears€on€each€count,€to€be€served€consecutively,€and€the€appellant€in€that€caseÏwas€eligible€for€parole€after€service€of€thirty€percent€of€his€sentence.€€TheÏappellant€in€this€case€received€a€sentence€of€twenty„one€years€out€of€a€possibleÏtwenty„five€years€for€each€offense€and€was€ordered€to€serve€his€sentencesÏconsecutively.€€€This€appellant€is€not€eligible€for€parole€because€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€39„13„523€(Supp.€1993)€requires€him€to€serve€the€entire€sentenceÏimposed€by€the€court.ÌÌà àWhen€the€trial€court€sentences€a€defendant,€the€judge€must€place€on€theÏrecord€findings€of€fact€that€support€the€decision€as€to€punishment.€€ThisÏprocedure€applies€to€enhancing€and€mitigating€factors€as€well€as€to€concurrentÍor€consecutive€sentences€for€multiple€offenses.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(f).€€The€court€shall€place€on€the€record€why€consecutive€sentences€areÏimposed€in€light€of€the€foregoing€cases€and€statutes.€We€respectfully€submit€thatÏas€to€the€issue€of€concurrent€or€consecutive€sentencing,€the€trial€court€did€notÏrecord€such€findings.€€This€Court€cannot€properly€review€this€issue€with€theÏrecord€before€us.€€Therefore,€we€must€remand€for€resentencing€as€to€theÏconsecutive€sentencing€issue.€€€œÌ›œÌ›à àWe€affirm€the€appellantððs€convictions.€€As€to€consecutive€or€concurrentÏsentences,€we€remand€for€resentencing€with€appropriate€findings€of€fact.ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÓÓÓ` ¸ pÓà àà ààQ àà à______________________________Ìà àà ààQ àà àPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JudgeÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JudgeÌÌÌÌÌ______________________________ÌJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JudgeÔ€&ÔÌà àÔ€)ÔÌà àÌÌÔ  ÔÔ  Ô