ÿWPCŽ  ÔWË„êñÓÚJŽ„Ûö´ Øll˜yõÄÕœõ¶Õ:1ìÀŒ=NÜ7r‘‹C´2å }ÙX‹6•$*lëíÃf¿g0…³¿ôOEˆ‡1çݳnîÍ©ÐÅ~XÁ S(·üjëäØ”uf5¬,cóÉ쟟-¼¡ÄÅ¡7¬\?„±<ì6DäÏ<%&ôH–À(í ²Ez©ÔܬÐ[V9æEm ë°.'4 /R%ý]aMä!Û{ì…Ýókc>lÙ †PWëܶ„“<¦÷DÖ€ÚV§aF°ß,¥' zßÀP£0IT«'.¢PŽ¯Øï\ÅdÊeÿXNÀ™í&=ÔîÈYK†Ûëé{=6•Qíœïìšwu¨vªG¿TzÍ%€Þ~FdP@µëµùØÕRç²Cy T{«Ðr| ºö7)¬•@÷8ë/C&µO‰sØiÜ;Ù|° DÔÒuß\©¿Ê›„€Oð±k.æN(çí3 o*Ö“îu?ö)×ããâ¼.¢âJ©+ë†^³(däó F>ÐYïð$q¢)=¶m±ä0^ÅÕþ y)Hò¤§¯Ý–¡ –µ¨}Àï²áÁŒ‘Ô3„!‹¹IîbUN\ %ª 0ˆ°^ 8wD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ #ÁÐ UN‘ Æß Æ¥ Æk Æ11N÷÷ 0DùE==?ÏWS&&yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyb 0뉉‰‰ Btt 0¤‘ D55 D-j 0K—— ASâÆ5 0¤û 0DŸ A«ã(ÈhH  Z6Times New Roman Regular »(`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó±nS+â òK+¢Ø+003|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜HP LaserJet 8000 Series PSØÚØÚÚØØÚ0(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó Ý ƒRãX$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÔ€ ôÊç ò» »ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôð ðA€person€in€custody€under€a€sentence€of€a€court€of€this€state€must€petition€for€post„conviction€relief€under€thisÐ ° Ðpart€within€one€(1)€year€of€the€date€of€the€final€action€of€the€highest€state€appellate€court€to€which€an€appeal€is€taken€or,Ð tÄ Ðif€no€appeal€is€taken,€within€one€(1)€year€of€the€date€on€which€the€judgment€became€final,€or€consideration€of€suchÐ 8ˆ Ðpetition€shall€be€barred.€€The€statute€of€limitations€shall€not€be€tolled€for€any€reason,€including€any€tolling€or€savingÐ üL Ðprovision€otherwise€available€at€law€or€equity.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„30„202(a)€(1997). ÅÝ ƒRãX$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€ ôÊç ò» »ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€Appellant€incorrectly€points€to€òòGibson€v.€Stateóó,€7€S.W.3d€47€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1998),€asserting€that€ð ðtheÐ ° ÐCourt€of€Criminal€Appeals,€sitting€in€Nashville,€held€that€for€(sic)€a€person€in€the€Appellantððs€predicament,€should€firstÐ tÄ Ðseek€to€file€the€delayed€appeal€and€if€then€the€Rule€11€[a]pplication€was€denied,€at€that€point€in€time,€the€one€year€statuteÐ 8ˆ Ðof€limitations€would€then€begin€to€run€for€the€filing€of€a€[p]etition€[f]or€[p]ost„conviction€[r]elief€to€allege€anyÐ üL Ðconstitutional€violations€involving€the€original€conviction.ðð€€Not€only€does€the€Appellant€misstate€the€holding€of€òòGibsonóó,Ð À Ðbut€òòGibsonóó€involved€a€dissimilar€factual€scenario€because,€here,€the€Appellant€never€pursued€a€Rule€11€appeal.€€€ IÝ ƒRãX$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÔ€ ôÊç ò» »ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔTennessee€Supreme€Court€Rule€14€governs€withdrawal€of€counsel€for€indigent€defendants.€€In€this€case,Ð ° Ðappellate€counsel€on€direct€appeal€was€retained.€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€37(e),€defines€the€duties€of€counsel€regarding€appeal:Ð tÄ ÐÌà8  àRetained€counsel€filing€a€notice€of€appeal,€whether€counsel€be€fully€paid€or€not,€shall€represent€theÐ üL Ðdefendant€on€appeal,€fully€complying€with€all€of€the€rules€of€the€appellate€court€as€to€timely€filing€andÐ À Ðappearances€therein,€and€shall€be€allowed€to€withdraw€as€such€counsel€of€record€only€for€good€causeÐ „Ô Ðand€if€application€is€made€when€such€attorney€is€not€delinquent€in€his€or€her€duties.ÐH ˜Ð Ð  ÐÌòòSee€alsoóó,€Tenn.€Sup.€Ct.€R.€8,€DR€2„110€(Withdrawal€from€Employment),€Tenn.€Ct.€Crim.€App.€R.€12.€€Ð Ð  ÐÌAlthough€the€Appellant€acknowledges€that€he€was€advised€by€letter€of€December€13,€1999,€of€his€retained€counselððsÐ X ¨  Ðtermination€of€further€representation,€the€case€history€of€the€direct€appeal€reflects€that€no€withdrawal€as€counsel€of€recordÐ  l  Ðwas€ever€entered€as€required€by€the€above€cited€rules. - ù-(|G2ãX$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€+ »»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô]Ñò»»Ô d(|3MÚ$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€+ »»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3MÚ$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€+ »»d d 8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€"}»»d dÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€ ¼r—»» »ÔÑ8€Z½XXdê»»d 8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡ îaî» ¼r—ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@kk$ìàAT€NASHVILLEÔ#† ¼r—»î îa #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€September€19,€2001Ð üL ÐÔ‡ X;»X» ¼r—ÔÌò òÔ#† ¼r—»X X;»##ÔBARRY€N.€WADDELLòòóó€v.€STATE€OF€TENNESSEEòòóóÔ‡ X;»X» ¼r—Ôó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òDirect€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Davidson€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€96„C„1372€€€€€€Cheryl€Blackburn,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2001„00096„CCA„R3„PC€„€Filed€October€17,€Ô_Ô2001Ô_ÔÐ ¥õ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€Appellant,€Barry€N.€Waddell,€proceeding€òòpro€seóó,òò€óóappeals€the€Davidson€County€Criminal€CourtððsÐ xÈ  Ðsummary€dismissal€of€his€petition€for€post„conviction€relief.€€The€post„conviction€court€foundÐ d´ ÐWaddellððs€petition€was€time„barred.€€On€appeal,€Waddell€argues€that:€€(1)€his€petition€was€timelyÐ P  Ðfiled,€and€(2)€alternatively,€if€the€petition€was€untimely€filed,€the€statute€of€limitations€was€tolledÐ <Œ Ðunder€the€holding€of€òòDexter€Williams€v.€Stateóó,€44€S.W.3d€464€(Tenn.€2001).€€After€review,€we€affirmÐ (x Ðthe€judgment€of€the€post„conviction€court€dismissing€the€petition.€€Ô#† ¼r—»X X;»›#ÔÔ‡ X;»X» ¼r—ÔÐ d ÐÓÆÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€is€Affirmed.ó óÐ ì< ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#† ¼r—»à X;»£#ÔÔ‡ X;»X. ¼r—ÔDavid€G.€Hayes,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòGary€R.€Wade,€P.J.óó€and€òòJerry€L.Ð Ä ÐSmithóó,€J.,€joined.Ð ° ÐÌBarry€N.€Waddell,€òòPro€Seóó,€Tiptonville,€Tennessee.Ð ˆØ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Michael€Moore,€Solicitor€General;€Kim€R.Ð `° ÐHelper,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€Victor€S.€Johnson€III,€District€Attorney€General;€and€RogerÐ L œ ÐMoore,€Assistant€District€Attorney€General,€for€the€Appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð 8!ˆ  ÐÔ#† ¼r—»X X;»u#ÔÔ‡ X;»X» ¼r—ÔÌÓFÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#† ¼r—»X X;»÷ #ÔÔ‡ X;»X» ¼r—ÔÐ ü#L# ÐÌòòóóÔ#† ¼r—»X X;»j #ÔÓ  ÓÔ€ X;»X» ¼r—Ôò òà@!ìàFactual€BackgroundˆÐ Ô%$!% ÐÓ  Óó óÌà  àOn€March€13,€1997,€the€Appellant,€after€a€trial€by€jury,€was€convicted€of€two€(2)€countsÐ ¬'ü"' Ðof€rape€of€a€child€and€two€(2)€counts€of€aggravated€sexual€battery.€€He€was€sentenced€to€seventyÐ ˜(è#( Ð(70)€years€in€the€Department€of€Correction.€€The€Appellant€filed€a€direct€appeal€challenging€hisÐ „)Ô$) Ðconvictions€and€sentence.€€On€June€1,€1999,€this€court€reduced€the€Appellantððs€sentence€to€sixty„Ð p*À%* Ðsix€(66)€years.€€òòSee€óóòòState€v.€Waddellóó,òòóó€No.€01C01„9801„CR„00016€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€atÐ \+¬&+ ÐNashville,€June€1,€1999).òòóóò ò€€ó óThe€case€was€not€remanded€to€the€trial€court€because€the€sentence,€asÐ H,˜', Ðmodified,€was€imposed€by€this€court€after€òòde€novoóó€review;€therefore,€additional€proceedings€wereÐ 8-ˆ(-ý Ðnot€necessary.€€On€August€17,€1999,€the€trial€court€entered€the€amended€judgment€form€to€reflectÐ ° Ðthe€action€of€the€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals.ò òÐ œì ÐÌó óà  àOn€December€13,€1999,€the€Appellantððs€attorney€informed€the€Appellant€ò òó óby€letter€that€hisÐ tÄ Ðdirect€appeal€to€the€€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals€had€been€denied,€except€for€the€sentenceÐ `° Ðmodification.€€Appellantððs€counsel€further€opined€that€a€Rule€11€application€for€permission€toÐ L œ Ðappeal€to€the€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€would€be€futile€and€for€this€reason,€advised€the€AppellantÐ 8 ˆ Ðthat€he€was€terminating€further€representation.€€On€August€4,€2000,€the€Appellant,€incarceratedÐ $ t Ðand€proceeding€òòpro€se,€óómailed€his€petition€for€post„conviction€relief€seeking€a€delayed€appeal€of€aÐ  ` ÐRule€11€application.€€The€petition€was€received€by€the€Davidson€County€Court€Clerkððs€Office€andÐ ü L  Ðfiled€on€August€11,€2000.€€ò òó óOn€December€12,€2000,€the€post„conviction€court€summarilyÐ è 8  Ðdismissed€the€Appellantððs€petition€for€post„conviction€relief€as€untimely€filed€in€violation€of€theÐ Ô$  Ðone€(1)€year€statute€of€limitations.ò òÐ À  ÐÌÓ  ÓANALYSISÐ ˜è  ÐÌÓ½Óà  àó óThe€Appellant€argues€that€his€post„conviction€petition€seeking€a€delayed€appeal€wasÐ pÀ Ðtimely€filed.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€In€order€for€the€Appellantððs€petition€to€be€timely,€it€must€have€been€filed€withinÐ \¬ Ðone€(1)€year€of€the€date€of€the€final€action€of€the€highest€appellate€court€to€which€an€appeal€wasÐ H˜ Ðtaken.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.òò€óóðð€40„30„202(a)€(1997).׃(×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€òòóóò òó óThe€Appellantððs€conviction€became€final€onÐ 4„ ÐJune€1,€1999,€when€the€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals€affirmed€the€Appellantððs€convictions€andÐ  p Ðmodified€his€sentence,€as€this€was€the€final€action€of€the€highest€state€appellate€court€to€which€anÐ  \ Ðappeal€was€taken.€€òòóóThus,€under€the€Post„Conviction€Act,€the€Appellant€had€until€June€1,€2000,€toÐ øH Ðfile€a€petition€for€post„conviction€relief.€€òòóóThe€Appellant€did€not€file€the€instant€petition€untilÐ ä4 ÐAugust€4,€2000,€outside€the€applicable€limitations€period.€€Therefore,€the€Appellantððs€petition€isÐ Ð  Ðtime„barred.Ð ¼  ЀÌà  àIn€the€alternative,€the€Appellant,€citing€òòWilliams€v.€Stateóó,€44€S.W.3d€464€(Tenn.€2001),Ð ”ä Ðargues€that€assuming€the€petition€was€untimely,€due€process€considerations€should€toll€the€statuteÐ €Ð Ðof€limitations€because€he€may€have€been€deprived€by€trial€counsel€of€a€reasonable€opportunity€toÐ l¼ Ðseek€post„conviction€relief.€€Specifically,€the€Appellant€points€to€the€following€facts:€(1)€counselÐ X ¨ Ðunilaterally€terminated€the€Appellantððs€right€to€file€a€Rule€11€appeal€to€the€Tennessee€SupremeÐ D!” ÐCourt€by€failing€to€notify€the€Appellant€of€the€decision€of€the€Criminal€Court€of€Appeals€untilÐ ° ÐDecember€13,€1999,€more€than€six€months€after€the€decision€was€issued;€(2)€counsel€failed€toÐ œì Ðformally€withdraw€as€the€attorney€of€record€within€fourteen€(14)€days€after€the€final€decision€ofÐ ˆØ Ðthe€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals€as€required€by€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€Rule€14;׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€(3)€and€asÐ tÄ Ðfurther€required€by€Rule€14,€counsel€failed€to€notify€the€Appellant€in€writing€that€the€AppellantÐ `° Ðcould€file€a€òòpro€seóó€Rule€11€application€for€permission€to€appeal€to€the€Tennessee€Supreme€Court.€Ð L œ ÐÌÒe°Òà  àIn€òòWilliamsóó,€the€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€held€that€due€process€may€require€tolling€of€theÐ $ t Ðstatute€of€limitations€for€filing€a€post„conviction€petition€where€the€inmate/petitioner€may€haveÐ  ` Ðbeen€deprived€by€his€counsel€of€a€reasonable€opportunity€to€seek€post„conviction€relief.€€òòId.óó€atÐ ü L  Ð467.€€òòWilliamsóó€was€remanded€to€the€trial€court€ð ðfor€an€evidentiary€hearing€to€determine€(1)Ð è 8  Ðwhether€due€process€tolled€the€statute€of€limitations€so€as€to€give€the€[inmate/petitioner]€aÐ Ô$  Ðreasonable€opportunity€after€the€expiration€of€the€limitations€€period€to€present€his€claim€in€aÐ À  Ðmeaningful€time€and€manner;€and€(2)€if€so,€whether€the€[inmate/petitionerððs]€filing€of€the€post„Ð ¬ü  Ðconviction€.€.€.€was€within€the€reasonable€opportunity€afforded€by€the€due€process€tolling.ðð€€òòId.óó€atÐ ˜è  Ð471.€€òòóóÐ „Ô  ÐÌà  àIn€òòWilliamsóó,€the€inmate/petitioner€was€convicted€of€first€degree€murder€and€sentenced€toÐ \¬ Ðlife€imprisonment€in€1993.€€òòId.óó€at€465.€€On€January€9,€1995,€his€conviction€was€affirmed€by€theÐ H˜ ÐCourt€of€Criminal€Appeals.€€òòId.óó€€Thereafter,€trial€counsel€terminated€representation.€ð ðTheÐ 4„ Ð[inmate/petitioner]€averred€that€his€trial€counsel€failed€to€notify€him€of€counselððs€withdrawal€fromÐ  p Ðthe€case,€or€to€explain€to€him€his€rights€for€filing€a€òòpro€seóó€petition€toðð€the€Tennessee€SupremeÐ  \ ÐCourt.€€òòId.óó€€Trial€counsel€filed€a€formal€motion€to€withdraw€on€October€18,€1995,€in€which€trialÐ øH Ðcounsel€sought€permission€for€the€[inmate/petitioner]€to€proceed€with€a€delayed€appeal€to€theÐ ä4 ÐTennessee€Supreme€Court.€€òòId.óó€at€465„66.€€The€trial€court€denied€the€request.€€òòId.óó€at€466.€€OnÐ Ð  ÐNovember€8,€1999,€trial€counsel€filed€an€application€for€permission€to€appeal€to€the€TennesseeÐ ¼  ÐSupreme€Court,€which€was€denied€as€untimely.€€òòId.óó€€Thereafter,€on€October€24,€1996,€theÐ ¨ø Ðinmate/petitioner,€proceeding€òòpro€se,óó€filed€a€petition€for€post„conviction€relief.€€òòId.óó€€The€petitionÐ ”ä Ðwas€dismissed€by€the€post„conviction€court€without€a€full€evidentiary€hearing€because€theÐ €Ð Ðâ âinmate/petitioner€was€unprepared€to€present€evidence.€€òòId.óó€at€465.Ð l¼ Ðà  àIn€the€instant€case,€the€Appellant€argues€that€his€case€is€exactly€on€point€with€òòWilliamsóó,Ð ° Ðâ âand€we€should€remand€to€the€post„conviction€court€ð ðfor€the€[Ô_Ôa]ppointmentÔ_Ô€of€[Ô_Ôc]ounselÔ_Ô€toÐ œì Ðrepresent€the€Appellant€and€for€an€[Ô_Ôe]videntiaryÔ_Ô€hearing€to€be€[Ô_Ôh]eldÔ_Ô€in€[Ô_Ôo]rderÔ_Ô€to€determine€if€theÐ ˆØ Ðfacts€as€so€alleged€[warrant]€the€tolling€of€the€one€(1)€year€statute€of€limitations€for€filing€theÐ tÄ Ð[Ô_Ôp]etitionÔ_Ô.€.€.€.ðð€€€€€We€disagree.€€In€òòWilliamsóó,€the€inmate/petitioner€averred€that€he€believed€trialÐ `° Ðcounsel€was€continuing€to€represent€him€through€the€appeals€process.€€The€court€remanded€for€anÐ L œ Ðevidentiary€hearing€on€grounds€that€the€inmate/petitioner€might€ð ðhave€been€denied€the€opportunityÐ 8 ˆ Ðto€challenge€his€conviction€in€a€timely€manner€through€no€fault€of€his€own€but€because€of€theÐ $ t Ðpossible€misrepresentation€of€counsel.ðð€€òòId.óó€at€468.€€Ð  ` ÐÌà  àThe€Appellant€in€the€present€case€was€not€under€the€mistaken€belief€that€he€continued€toÐ è 8  Ðbe€represented€by€trial€counsel.€€The€Appellant€acknowledges€on€appeal€he€was€aware€onÐ Ô$  ÐDecember€13,€1999,€that€his€attorney€was€terminating€any€further€representation.€€Although€a€RuleÐ À  Ð11€application€to€the€Tennessee€Supreme€Court€was€time„barred€at€the€time€trial€counsel€notifiedÐ ¬ü  Ðthe€Appellant€of€his€withdrawal,€the€Appellant€had€a€reasonable€opportunity,€six€(6)€months,€inÐ ˜è  Ðwhich€to€file€a€petition€for€post„conviction€relief.€€His€failure€to€file€such€a€petition€did€not€resultÐ „Ô  Ðfrom€the€misrepresentation€of€counsel.€€Rather,€this€failure€resulted€from€the€advice€of€a€prisonÐ pÀ Ðparalegal.€€The€Appellant,€based€upon€the€advice€of€the€prison€paralegal,€believed€the€date€the€trialÐ \¬ Ðcourt€entered€the€amended€judgment€form,€August€17,€1999,€€to€be€the€date€of€final€actionÐ H˜ Ðtriggering€the€one€(1)€year€statute€of€limitations.€€However,€as€previously€discussed,€under€Tenn.Ð 4„ ÐCode.€Ann.€ðð40„30„202(a)€this€is€not€the€correct€date€of€final€action.€€The€lack€of€knowledge€ofÐ  p Ðstatute€of€limitations€provisions€does€not€excuse€late€filings.€€òòSkinner€v.€Stateóó,€No.€02C01„9403„Ð  \ ÐCC„0039€(Tenn.€Ô_ÔCrimÔ_Ô.€App.€at€Jackson,€July€13,€1994),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó€(Tenn.€1994).€Ð øH ÐTherefore,€summary€dismissal€of€the€Appellantððs€petition€was€proper.€Ð ä4 ÐÌÌÓ  Ó€ò òCONCLUSIONó óÐ ¨ø ÐÌÓ  Óà  àBased€upon€the€foregoing€reasons,€we€find€that€the€Appellantððs€petition€for€post„convictionÐ „Ô Ðrelief€is€time„barred.€€Accordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€post„conviction€court€summarilyÐ pÀ Ðdismissing€the€petition€is€affirmed.Ð \ ¬ ÐÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð ø$H # Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JUDGE