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ÐÌà@@½½ìàò ò€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Davidson€CountyÐ é 9 Ðà@@øøìàNo.€2001„A„378€€€€€€J.€Randall€Wyatt,€Jr.,€JudgeÐ Ó # ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<` AßÐ ‘á  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€M2003„00668„CCA„R3„PC€„€Filed€February€6,€Ô_Ô2004Ô_ÔÐ ŠÚ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<]` AßÐ ^®  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€petitioner,€Clifford€Ward,€Jr.,€appeals€the€Davidson€County€Criminal€Courtððs€denial€of€hisÐ V¦  Ðpetition€for€post„conviction€relief€from€his€guilty€pleas€to€two€counts€of€rape€of€a€child,€two€countsÐ ? Ðof€aggravated€sexual€battery,€and€effective€twenty„five„yearÔ#†¼™é»XXÓW#ÔÔ‡XÓWX»¼™éÔ€Ô#†¼™é»XXÓW#ÔÔ‡XÓWX»¼™éÔsentence.€€He€contends€that€he€receivedÐ (x Ðthe€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€because€his€trial€attorney€failed€to€investigate€his€case.€€WeÐ a Ðaffirm€the€trial€court.Ð úJ ÐÌò òÓ  ÓTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Courtó ó€ò òAffirmedó óÐ Ì ÐÓ]ÓÌòòÔ#†¼™é»àXÓWY#ÔÔ‡XÓWX.¼™éÔJoseph€M.€Tipton,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòJames€Curwood€Witt,€Jr.óó€andÐ ¡ñ ÐòòJohn€Everett€Williams,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð ŠÚ ÐÌMatthew€F.€Mayo,€Nashville,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Clifford€Ward,€Jr.Ð \¬ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€J.€Ross€Dyer,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€VictorÐ .~ ÐS.€Johnson,€III,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Brian€Keith€Holmgren,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ g ÐGeneral,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.€Ð  P ÐÌà@55'ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼™é»XXÓW #ÔÔ‡XÓWX»¼™éԈРÒ!"! ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼™é»XXÓWº #ÔÔ€XÓWX»¼™éÔà  àThis€case€relates€to€the€petitionerððs€having€sexual€contact€with€his€six„year„old€daughter€fromÐ ¥#õ# ÐNovember€1999€to€November€2000.€€At€the€guilty€plea€hearing,€the€state€presented€the€followingÐ Ž$Þ$ Ðfactual€account€of€the€crimes:€€While€the€petitioner€and€his€family€were€living€in€an€apartment€inÐ w%Ç % ÐNashville,€the€petitioner€forced€the€victim€to€perform€fellatio€on€him€multiple€times€and€had€ð ðpenisÐ `&°!& Ðto€vaginal€contactðð€with€the€victim.€€In€addition,€the€petitioner€would€bounce€the€victim€up€and€downÐ I'™"' Ðon€his€lap,€causing€him€to€become€sexually€aroused.€€Nasvhille€Metropolitan€Police€OfficersÐ 2(‚#( Ðinterviewed€the€petitioner€twice,€and€he€acknowledged€that€he€had€forced€the€victim€to€performÐ )k$) Ðfellatio€on€him€and€had€bounced€her€on€his€lap.€Ð *T%* ÐÌà  àAt€the€evidentiary€hearing,€the€petitioner€testified€that€he€originally€had€been€charged€withÐ Ö+&', Ðtwo€counts€of€rape€of€a€child€and€twelve€counts€of€aggravated€sexual€battery€but€pled€guilty€to€theÐ ¿,(- Ðrapes€and€only€two€counts€of€aggravated€sexual€battery.€€He€said€that€he€retained€his€trial€attorneyÐ ¨-ø(.ý ÐÔ_Ôafter€his€preliminary€hearing€and€that€he€met€with€his€attorney€only€three€or€four€times€at€theÐ ° Ðcourthouse€and€only€once€in€jail.€€He€said€that€his€attorney€went€over€the€charges€and€possibleÐ ™é Ðpenalties€with€him€and€that€his€attorney€gave€him€some€of€the€stateððs€discovery.€€He€said€that€hisÐ ‚Ò Ðattorney€asked€him€to€look€over€the€discovery€materials€but€that€they€never€discussed€them.€€HeÐ k» Ðacknowledged€giving€two€audiotaped€statements€to€the€police€and€discussing€the€statements€withÐ T¤ Ðhis€attorney.€€Ð =  ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€testified€that€he€gave€his€attorney€the€names,€addresses,€and€telephoneÐ  _ Ðnumbers€of€witnesses€but€that€his€attorney€never€contacted€them.€€He€said€that€one€or€two€of€theÐ ø H Ðwitnesses€were€coworkers€and€that€the€others€lived€in€his€apartment€complex.€€He€said€his€attorneyÐ á 1  Ðshould€have€gotten€his€employment€records.€€He€said€that€he€and€his€attorney€discussed€trying€toÐ Ê   Ðsuppress€his€audiotaped€statements,€that€his€attorney€told€him€a€motion€to€suppress€the€statementsÐ ³  Ðhad€been€filed,€and€that€no€hearing€on€the€motion€was€held.€€He€said€that€at€first,€his€attorney€toldÐ œì  Ðhim€and€his€family€that€the€state€did€not€have€any€evidence€against€him€and€that€he€should€go€to€trial.€Ð …Õ  ÐHe€said€that€later,€his€attorney€told€him€he€did€not€have€a€defense€and€advised€him€to€plead€guilty.€Ð n¾  ÐHe€said€that€the€state€initially€offered€to€let€him€plead€guilty€in€exchange€for€a€thirty„year€sentenceÐ W§  Ðbut€that€it€later€offered€him€a€twenty„five„year€sentence.€He€said€his€attorney€told€him€that€if€he€didÐ @ Ðnot€accept€the€stateððs€offer,€he€may€never€get€out€of€prison.€€He€said€he€had€wanted€to€go€to€trial€butÐ )y Ðdecided€to€accept€the€stateððs€plea€offer€because€his€attorney€was€unprepared€for€trial.€€He€said€hisÐ b Ðattorney€would€not€come€to€the€jail€to€talk€to€him€and€would€not€return€his€telephone€calls.Ð ûK ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€the€petitioner€testified€that€he€was€forty„one€years€old,€obtained€hisÐ Í ÐGED€while€in€jail,€and€was€not€guilty.€€He€said€he€did€not€hear€much€of€what€the€trial€court€saidÐ ¶ Ðduring€the€guilty€plea€hearing€because€both€of€his€hearing€aids€were€broken.€€He€said€he€told€hisÐ Ÿï Ðattorney€about€his€hearing€aids€not€working€but€did€not€tell€the€trial€court.€€He€said€that€the€victimÐ ˆØ Ðwas€lying€and€that€he€felt€threatened€by€the€police€during€the€interviews.€€He€said€that€he€neverÐ qÁ Ðlistened€to€his€audiotaped€statements€but€that€he€did€not€believe€he€told€the€police€he€had€sex€withÐ Zª Ðthe€victim.€€He€acknowledged€that€he€was€not€under€arrest€when€he€gave€the€statements€and€that€afterÐ C“ Ðthe€interviews,€he€was€free€to€leave.€€He€also€acknowledged€that€he€gave€the€police€permission€toÐ ,| Ðsearch€his€apartment€and€that€the€police€found€ð ðadult€sexual€thingsðð€during€the€search.€€He€deniedÐ e Ðshowing€the€sexual€items€to€the€victim€or€using€them€on€her.€€Ð þN ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€testified€that€his€attorney€should€have€interviewed€his€apartment€complexÐ Ð!   Ðmanager€and€his€coworkers.€€He€said€that€his€coworkers€would€have€testified€that€he€worked€fourteenÐ ¹" ! Ðto€seventeen€hours€per€day,€six€days€per€week€and€that€he€could€not€have€committed€the€crimesÐ ¢#ò" Ðbecause€he€was€always€working.€€He€said€his€wife€did€not€work,€was€always€at€home,€and€that€heÐ ‹$Û# Ðwas€never€alone€with€the€victim.€€He€said€his€attorney€never€explained€why€his€statements€to€theÐ t%Ä $ Ðpolice€could€not€be€suppressed.€€Upon€being€questioned€by€the€trial€court,€the€petitioner€stated€thatÐ ]&­!% Ðhe€looked€over€the€guilty€plea€form€but€did€not€read€all€of€it.€€He€acknowledged€signing€the€form.Ð F'–"& ÐÌà  àThe€petitionerððs€trial€attorney€testified€that€he€had€been€practicing€law€since€1995€and€hadÐ )h$( Ðworked€as€an€assistant€district€attorney€before€going€into€private€practice.€€He€said€that€he€hadÐ *Q%) Ðrepresented€several€hundred€criminal€defendants€and€that€he€had€represented€three€defendants€whoÐ ê*:&* Ðhad€been€charged€with€crimes€similar€to€the€petitionerððs€crimes.€€He€said€that€before€accepting€theÐ Ó+#'+ Ðpetitionerððs€case,€he€talked€with€the€petitioner€twice.€€He€said€that€after€the€petitioner€retained€him,Ð ° Ðhe€met€with€the€petitioner€about€eight€times€and€filed€motions.€€He€said€that€at€first,€he€believed€theÐ ™é Ðstate€had€a€very€weak€case€against€the€petitioner.€€He€said€that€after€he€reviewed€the€stateððs€discoveryÐ ‚Ò Ðmaterials€and€the€petitionerððs€audiotaped€statements,€he€told€the€petitioner€that€the€petitionerÐ k» Ðprobably€would€be€convicted€and€should€consider€pleading€guilty.€€He€said€that€the€state€loweredÐ T¤ Ðits€offer€from€thirty€years€to€twenty„five€years€and€that€about€one€week€before€trial,€the€petitionerÐ =  Ðbegan€seriously€considering€a€guilty€plea.€€He€said€that€a€few€days€before€trial,€the€petitioner€agreedÐ & v Ðto€plead€guilty.Ð  _ ÐÌà  àThe€petitionerððs€attorney€testified€that€the€petitioner€was€not€under€arrest€when€the€petitionerÐ á 1  Ðgave€two€statements€to€the€police€and€that€the€statements€were€highly€incriminating.€€He€said€thatÐ Ê   Ðhe€saw€no€legal€basis€for€filing€a€motion€to€suppress€the€statements€and€that€the€statementsÐ ³  Ðcorroborated€some€physical€evidence€in€the€case.€€He€said€the€petitioner€never€told€him€at€the€guiltyÐ œì  Ðplea€hearing€that€the€petitioner€could€not€hear€and€never€expressed€confusion€about€the€guilty€plea.€Ð …Õ  ÐHe€acknowledged€that€he€went€over€the€guilty€plea€form€with€the€petitioner€and€that€the€petitionerÐ n¾  Ðappeared€to€understand€it.€€He€said€he€looked€at€the€petitionerððs€time€cards€and€talked€with€theÐ W§  Ðpetitionerððs€employer.€€He€said€that€the€petitionerððs€witnesses€were€going€to€testify€that€the€petitionerÐ @ Ðworked€many€hours€and€that€while€it€was€clear€the€petitioner€worked€much€of€the€time,€no€alibiÐ )y Ðdefense€existed.Ð b ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€the€attorney€testified€that€the€petitioner€wanted€an€opportunity€to€getÐ ä4 Ðout€of€prison€someday.€€He€said€that€he€did€not€file€a€motion€for€a€bill€of€particulars€and€that€heÐ Í Ðtalked€with€the€petitioner€about€raising€an€issue€regarding€the€fresh€complaint€doctrine.€€He€said€thatÐ ¶ Ðhe€reviewed€case€law€on€fresh€complaint€but€concluded€it€was€not€a€valid€issue€in€the€case.€€He€saidÐ Ÿï Ðthat€he€did€not€remember€the€victimððs€age€and€did€not€interview€her€but€that€he€read€Child€ServicesððÐ ˆØ Ðreports€about€the€case.€€He€said€that€although€nothing€indicated€the€victim€was€lying,€the€petitionerððsÐ qÁ Ðfamily€had€a€difficult€time€believing€the€victimððs€allegations.€€He€said€the€petitioner€told€him€thatÐ Zª Ðthe€victim€may€have€been€sexually€abused€by€someone€when€the€family€lived€in€an€apartmentÐ C“ Ðcomplex€in€Colorado.€€He€said€he€and€the€petitioner€talked€about€the€petitioner€taking€the€stand€atÐ ,| Ðtrial€to€dispute€the€victimððs€allegations.€€He€said€that€he€did€not€believe€the€petitioner€pled€guiltyÐ e Ðbecause€the€petitioner€thought€he€was€unprepared€for€trial.€€He€said€that€although€he€did€not€read€theÐ þN Ðplea€agreement€form€to€the€petitioner€word€for€word,€he€explained€every€paragraph€of€the€form€toÐ ç 7 Ðthe€petitioner.Ð Ð!   ÐÌ€€€€à  àThe€trial€court€held€that€the€petitionerððs€attorney€adequately€investigated€the€case€andÐ ¢#ò" Ðdiscussed€the€case€with€the€petitioner.€€It€determined€that€the€petitioner€chose€to€plead€guilty€and€thatÐ ‹$Û# Ðhe€understood€his€rights.€€The€trial€court€noted€that€the€guilty€plea€hearing€transcript€shows€theÐ t%Ä $ Ðpetitioner€ð ðresponded€intelligently€to€each€question€asked€of€him€by€the€Court,€and€appeared€veryÐ ]&­!% Ðattentive€during€the€proceedings.ðð€€It€denied€the€petition€for€post„conviction€relief.Ð F'–"& ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€claims€that€he€had€no€choice€but€to€plead€guilty€because€his€attorney€did€notÐ )h$( Ðinvestigate€his€case€adequately,€did€not€interview€witnesses,€and€failed€to€file€a€motion€for€a€bill€ofÐ *Q%) Ðâ âparticulars.€€He€argues€that€if€his€attorney€had€done€these€things,€ð ðit€would€have€possibly€given€theÐ ê*:&* ÐPetitioner€a€better€opportunity€to€formulate€an€alibi€defense€and€proceed€to€trial.ðð€€The€state€arguesÐ ° Ðthat€the€petitioner€received€the€effective€assistance€of€counsel.€€We€agree€with€the€state.Ð ™é Ðâ âÌà  àUnder€the€Sixth€Amendment,€when€a€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€is€made,€theÐ k» Ðburden€is€on€the€petitioner€to€show€(1)€that€counselððs€performance€was€deficient€and€(2)€that€theÐ T¤ Ðdeficiency€was€prejudicial€in€terms€of€rendering€a€reasonable€probability€that€the€result€of€the€trialÐ =  Ðwas€unreliable€or€the€proceedings€fundamentally€unfair.€€òòStrickland€v.€Washingtonóó,€466€U.S.€668,Ð & v Ð687,€104€S.€Ct.€2052,€2064€(1984);€òòseeóó€òòLockhart€v.€Fretwellóó,€506€U.S.€364,€368-72,€113€S.€Ct.€838,Ð  _ Ð842-44€(1993).€€The€òòStricklandóó€standard€has€been€applied€to€the€right€to€counsel€under€article€I,Ð ø H Ðsection€9€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution.€€òòState€v.€Melsonóó,€772€S.W.2d€417,€419€n.2€(Tenn.€1989).Ð á 1  ÐÌà  àIn€òòBaxter€v.€Roseóó,€523€S.W.2d€930,€936€(Tenn.€1975),€our€supreme€court€decided€thatÐ ³  Ðattorneys€should€be€held€to€the€general€standard€of€whether€the€services€rendered€were€within€theÐ œì  Ðrange€of€competence€demanded€of€attorneys€in€criminal€cases.€€Further,€the€court€stated€that€theÐ …Õ  Ðrange€of€competence€was€to€be€measured€by€the€duties€and€criteria€set€forth€in€òòBeasley€v.€UnitedÐ n¾  ÐStatesóó,€491€F.2d€687,€696€(6th€Cir.€1974),€and€òòUnited€States€v.€DeCosteróó,€487€F.2d€1197,€1202-04Ð W§  Ð(D.C.€Cir.€1973).€€Also,€in€reviewing€counselððs€conduct,€a€ð ðfair€assessment€of€attorney€performanceÐ @ Ðrequires€that€every€effort€be€made€to€eliminate€the€distorting€effects€of€hindsight,€to€reconstruct€theÐ )y Ðcircumstances€of€counselððs€challenged€conduct,€and€to€evaluate€the€conduct€from€counselððsÐ b Ðperspective€at€the€time.ðð€€òòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€689,€104€S.€Ct.€at€2065;€òòseeóó€òòHellard€v.€Stateóó,€629Ð ûK ÐS.W.2d€4,€9€(Tenn.€1982).€€Thus,€the€fact€that€a€particular€strategy€or€tactic€failed€or€even€hurt€theÐ ä4 Ðdefense€does€not,€alone,€support€a€claim€of€ineffective€assistance.€€Deference€is€made€to€trial€strategyÐ Í Ðor€tactical€choices€if€they€are€informed€ones€based€upon€adequate€preparation.€€òòSeeóó€òòHellardóó,€629Ð ¶ ÐS.W.2d€at€9;€òòDeCosteróó,€487€F.2d€at€1201.Ð Ÿï ÐÌà  àThe€burden€is€on€the€petitioner€to€prove€his€grounds€for€relief€by€clear€and€convincingÐ qÁ Ðevidence.€€T.C.A.€ðð€40-30-210(f).€€On€appeal,€we€are€bound€by€the€trial€courtððs€findings€of€factÐ Zª Ðunless€we€conclude€that€the€evidence€in€the€record€preponderates€against€those€findings.€€òòFields€v.Ð C“ ÐStateóó,€40€S.W.3d€450,€456€(Tenn.€2001).€€Because€they€relate€to€mixed€questions€of€law€and€fact,Ð ,| Ðwe€review€the€trial€courtððs€conclusions€as€to€whether€counselððs€performance€was€deficient€andÐ e Ðwhether€that€deficiency€was€prejudicial€under€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€standard€with€no€presumption€ofÐ þN Ðcorrectness.€€òòId.óó€at€457.Ð ç 7 ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€obviously€accredited€the€petitionerððs€trial€attorney,€who€testified€that€he€metÐ ¹" ! Ðwith€the€petitioner€at€least€eight€times,€obtained€discovery,€reviewed€the€petitionerððs€audiotapedÐ ¢#ò" Ðstatements,€interviewed€the€petitionerððs€wife€and€employer,€and€could€not€establish€an€alibi€defense.€Ð ‹$Û# ÐAlthough€the€petitioner€claims€that€his€attorney€should€have€interviewed€other€potential€witnesses,Ð t%Ä $ Ðnone€of€these€witnesses€testified€at€the€evidentiary€hearing.€€Without€testimony€from€the€witnesses,Ð ]&­!% Ðthe€petitioner€cannot€demonstrate€that€he€was€prejudiced€by€his€attorneyððs€failure€to€interview€them.€Ð F'–"& ÐòòSeeóó€òòBlack€v.€Stateóó,€794€S.W.2d€753,€757€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1990).€€€Regarding€the€attorneyððs€failureÐ /(#' Ðto€file€a€motion€for€bill€of€particulars,€the€petitioner€has€presented€no€evidence€that€his€attorneyððsÐ )h$( Ðfailing€to€file€the€motion€changed€the€outcome€of€his€case.€€Thus,€he€is€not€entitled€to€relief.Ð *Q%) Ðâ âÐ ê*:&* Ðà  àBased€upon€the€foregoing€and€the€record€as€a€whole,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trialÐ ° Ðâ âcourt.Ð ™é ÐÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð =  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOSEPH€M.€TIPTON,€JUDGE