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AS`@@ 0yA 0DB AaB 72 C 0c>C 0NC AMCHq/ (`$.8dd8    ("  Z6Times New Roman Regularlk.:i+003|x C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptUHP LaserJet 4000 Series PCL6V,,,,V0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(9 Z(Times New Roman \  `&Times New Roman(#$  0    R.*$      1    _ԀEffectiveJuly2002,thelegislatureamendedTennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection4035114byadding   terrorismasanenhancementfactor.2002Tenn.Pub.Acts,ch.849,#~# # #Ԁ2(c). Terrorismislistedasfactor(1),thus q renumberingthepreviousfactorsas(2)through(23).SeeTenn.CodeAnn.## # #Ԁ4035114(Supp.2002).Ouropinion O referstotheenhancementfactorsastheyexistedatthetimeofsentencingasspecifiedinTennesseeCodeAnnotated -} section4035114(1997).##>2A`(Arial Unicode MS*+ (_2623  ..*G+G (_25   /%` ` hp x /23  ../%` ` hp x /   *8+8 (_24  ," hp x ,23  ..," hp x ,  *5+5 (_23 ` ) hp x )23  ..) hp x ) ` *2+2 (_22  &hhp x &23  ..&hhp x &  */+/ (_21  #p x #23  ..#p x #  *,+, (_20 h  p x 23  .. p x h *)+) (_19  pp x 23  ..pp x   *&+& (_18   x 23  .. x   *AA (_17  5+ ` hp x 523  Ԁ5+ ` hp x 5  *GG (_16   /%` ` hp x /23  Ԁ/%` ` hp x /   *88 (_15  ," hp x ,23  Ԁ," hp x ,  *55 (_14 ` ) hp x )23  Ԁ) hp x ) ` *22 (_13  &hhp x &23  Ԁ&hhp x &  *// (_12  #p x #23  Ԁ#p x #  *,, (_11 h  p x 23  Ԁ p x h *)) (_10  pp x 23  Ԁpp x   (&& &_9   x 23  Ԁ x   (AA &_8  5+ ` hp x 523  5+ ` hp x 5  (GG &_7   /%` ` hp x /23  /%` ` hp x /   (88 &_6  ," hp x ,23  ," hp x ,  - -(55 &_5 ` ) hp x )23  ) hp x ) ` (22 &_4  &hhp x &23  &hhp x &  (// &_3  #p x #23  #p x #  (,, &_2 h  p x 23   p x h ()) &_1  pp x 23  pp x   &&& $_   x 23   x   0AA.Normal  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  <AA:Definition T  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  <AA:Definition L , 5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 586Definition(hh&H1  5+ ` hp x 5      5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H2  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H3  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H4  5+ ` hp x 5 XXX 5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H5  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H6  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  2DD0Address  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  8MM6Blockquote , , 5+ ` hp x 5   5+ ` hp x 5,*CITE,dl*CODEKU<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS42Emphasis64Hyperlink    <:FollowedHype    4go2Keyboard KU<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS <:Preformatted  /%  ,Kk %#/KU<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS/%  ,Kk %#/  <:zBottom of 7J(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?W%2A`Arial?  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S\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X75+ ` hp x 5  I)2dxd0KS.SampleKU<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterKU<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      (|G2.*$ !.8 dd8         0  2 0CommentB  "#$%&'() 35;AGMSY_11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.<6X9`(Courier New d%2A`Arial(|3$ !.8 dd8     VVVV)!dxdx)!dxdx( $ Figure  1  3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)^_X`YE<<CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3$ !.8 dd8     ($$   1  X[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8C HKKKK\i)(;3$2#  0  .3  0  (O$X[ZA<< c !.8 dd8     _    87XXdd8@hh7 INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @gg$ATNASHVILLE# 7 #Ԉ #    @  @` AssignedonBriefsJune17,2003 F X7X  # XX7#STATEOFTENNESSEEv.CHRISTIEDIANNEWEBBX7X   ? @@ DirectAppealfromtheCriminalCourtforWilsonCounty  9 @@No.010568J.O.Bond,Judge  # @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.M200202461CCAR3CDFiledNovember14,_2003_   AV) ` dE<]` A ^     Thedefendantpledguiltytorecklessaggravatedassaultofherthreemontholdsonandwas V  sentencedtofouryearsintheTennesseeDepartmentofCorrection.Thetrialcourtincorrectly ? appliedsomeoftheenhancementfactors.However,thefactorsthatwerecorrectlyapplied (x substantiallyoutweighedanyincorrectlyappliedfactors.Therewerenomitigatingfactors.The a recorddoesnotindicatethatthesentencewasexcessive.Inlightofthedefendantsextensive J criminalhistory,thetrialcourtdidnoterrindenyingalternativesentencing. 3  Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentoftheCriminalCourtAffirmed     # X7#X7X. JohnEverettWilliams,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichJerryL.Smithand  RobertW.Wedemeyer,JJ.,joined. q _Brody_ԀN.Kane,Lebanon,Tennessee,fortheappellant,ChristieDianneWebb. C PaulG.Summers,AttorneyGeneralandReporter;BrentC.Cherry,AssistantAttorneyGeneral; e TomP.Thompson,Jr.,DistrictAttorneyGeneral;andRobertN._Hibbett_,AssistantDistrictAttorney N General,fortheappellee,StateofTennessee.  7  Ѐ@@OO& OPINION # XX7#X7X  ## # XX7 #  X7X    X XXX7OnDecember12,2000,theWilsonCountyGrandJuryreturnedatruebillagainstChristie u% % DianeWebb,#X7X X Xզ #X XXX7 chargingherwithaggravatedassault,aClassCfelony,underTennesseeCode ^&!& Annotatedsection3913102(b).Shewaschargedwithfailingtoprotectherinfantson,Ryan G'"' AnthonyWebb,fromthechildsfather,AnthonyShannonLane.OnJuly9,2002,thedefendant 0(#( pledguiltytorecklessaggravatedassault,aClassDfelony,andwassentencedasaRangeI, )i$) standardoffender#X7X XXa #X XXX7Ԁtofouryears,tobeservedintheTennesseeDepartmentofCorrection.The *R%* defendanttimelyfiledanoticeofappealcontendingthat(1)hersentencewasexcessive,and(2)the *;&+ trialcourterredinfailingtoconsiderherforalternativesentencing. +$',   Facts -(. _ԇ    Thefollowingfactualbackgroundofthiscaseistakenfromthepresentencereportcontained  intherecord.OnAugust21,2000,AnthonyShannonLanereportedtohischildsmother,Christie  DianneWebb,thattheirthreemontholdson,RyanAnthonyWebb,hadfallenofthebed.The  defendantwasoutsidewhenthefathercameouttoherwiththechildinhisarms.Thefatherstated k thatthebabyhadbeeninaninfantcarseatunrestrainedandpositionedonthebed.Thefathertold T thedefendantthathehadstoodupfromthebedandtakenabouteighttotensteps.Hethenturned =  aroundandsawthatthebabyhadfallenontothefloorfacedown.Hesaidthatthechildwaslying & v verystill.Herolledhimoverandpickedhimup.Hestatedthatheshookthechildslightlyandtook  _ himoutsidetothedefendant.  H   Thedefendantsaidthatshetookthechildinherarmsandhurriedlywentinside.Shestated    thatshelaidthebabyonthefloorandcalled911.TheEMTsarrived,andthebabywastakento   UniversityMedicalCenter.Laterthatday,thebabywasadmittedtoVanderbiltChildrensHospital.     Dr.EllenWrightClayton,aprofessorofpediatricsatVanderbiltChildrensHospital,stated n  toDetectivePat_Hamblen_Ԁthattheinjuriesthechildsustainedwere theresultofsevere,life W  threateningnonaccidentaltraumaaswellasoldnonaccidentaltrauma.Dr.Claytonalsostated @ thattherewas nopossibilitythatfallingoffthebedcausedtheseinjuries. )y   TheDepartmentofChildrensServicesreportedinthevictimimpactstatement(prepared K whenthechildwastwoyearsold)thatthechildisamedicallyfragilechildwhoisinthecustody 4 ofadoptiveservices.ChildrensServicesstatesthathewillneverbeabletoliveanormallifeasa  resultofthephysicalabuse(ShakenBabySyndrome)hesustainedatthreemonthsold.Hismedical  diagnosisincludecerebralpalsy,quadriplegia,seizuredisorder,andblindness.Herequiresspeech,  physical,andoccupationaltherapy.Hehasnumerousneurologicalanddevelopmentalissues.  ChildrensServicesstatesthatthechildwillrequireindeterminateongoingmedicalservices,aswell q asphysicalspecialequipmenttoassisthiscaretakerwithhiseverydayneeds. Z   OnJuly9,2002,thedefendantpledguiltytorecklessaggravatedassaultandwassentenced ,| tofouryearstobeservedintheTennesseeDepartmentofCorrection.Shenowappealsthis e sentence. N    `    Analysis  !       ThisCourtsreviewofthesentenceimposedbythetrialcourtisdenovowithapresumption #" ofcorrectness.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035401(d).Thispresumptionisconditioneduponan $# affirmativeshowingintherecordthatthetrialjudgeconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandall u% $ relevantfactsandcircumstances.Statev._Pettus_,986S.W.2d540,543(Tenn.1999).Ifthetrial ^&!% courtfailstocomplywiththestatutorydirectives,thereisnopresumptionofcorrectnessandour G'"& reviewisdenovo.Statev.Poole,945S.W.2d93,96(Tenn.1997). 0(#'   Theburdenisupontheappealingpartytoshowthatthesentenceisimproper.Tenn.Code *R%)  Ann.4035401(d),SentencingCommissionComments.Inconductingourreview,weare *;&* required,pursuanttoTennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection4035210,toconsiderthefollowing  factorsinsentencing:   X X(1)[_t]he_Ԁevidence,ifany,receivedatthetrialandthesentencinghearing;(2)[_t]he_  _presentence_Ԁreport;(3)[_t]he_Ԁprinciplesofsentencingandargumentsastosentencing k alternatives;(4)[_t]he_Ԁnatureandcharacteristicsofthecriminalconductinvolved;(5) T [_e]vidence_Ԁandinformationofferedbythepartiesontheenhancementandmitigating =  factorsin4035113and4035114;and(6)[_a]ny_Ԁstatementthedefendantwishes & v tomakeinthedefendantsownbehalfaboutsentencing.  _  X&! X4!    UndertheCriminalSentencingReformActof1989,trialjudgesareencouragedtouse  1  alternativestoincarceration.AnespeciallymitigatedorstandardoffenderconvictedofaClassC,    D,orEfelonyispresumedtobeafavorablecandidateforalternativesentencingoptionsinthe   absenceofevidencetothecontrary.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035102(6).     Indeterminingifincarcerationisappropriate,atrialcourtmayconsidertheneedtoprotect n  societybyrestrainingadefendanthavingalonghistoryofcriminalconduct,theneedtoavoid W  depreciatingtheseriousnessoftheoffense,whetherconfinementisparticularlyappropriateto @ effectivelydeterotherslikelytocommitsimilaroffenses,andwhetherlessrestrictivemeasureshave )y often,orrecently,beenunsuccessfullyappliedtothedefendant.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035103(1); b seealsoStatev._Ashby_,823S.W.2d166,169(Tenn.1991). K   AcourtmayalsoconsiderthemitigatingandenhancingfactorssetforthinTennesseeCode  Annotatedsections4035113and114astheyarerelevanttothesection4035103considerations.  Tenn.CodeAnn.4035210(b)(5);Statev.Boston,938S.W.2d435,438(Tenn.Crim.App.1996).  Additionally,acourtshouldconsiderthedefendantspotential,orlackofpotential,forrehabilitation  whendeterminingifanalternativesentencewouldbeappropriate.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035103(5); q Boston,938S.W.2dat438. Z   Thereisnomathematicalequationtobeutilizedindeterminingsentencingalternatives.Not ,| onlyshouldthesentencefittheoffense,butitshouldfittheoffenderaswell.Tenn.CodeAnn. e 4035103(2);Statev._Batey_,35S.W.3d585,58889(Tenn.Crim.App.2000).Indeed, N individualizedpunishmentistheessenceofalternativesentencing.Statev.Dowdy,894S.W.2d  7 301,305(Tenn.Crim.App.1994).Insummary,sentencingmustbedeterminedonacasebycase !   basis,tailoringeachsentencetothatparticulardefendantbaseduponthefactsofthatcaseandthe " ! circumstancesofthatdefendant.Statev.Moss,727S.W.2d229,235(Tenn.1986).#X7X XXs# #"   AfterreviewingtheX XXX7record,weconcludethatthetrialjudgeconsideredthesentencing t% $ principlesandallrelevantfactsandcircumstances.Therefore,we#X7X XX՚/#reviewthetrialcourtsjudgment ]&!% denovowiththepresumptionofcorrectness.Thedefendantarguesthatthetrialcourterredin F'"& failingtoapplyanymitigatingfactorsinthiscase.Specifically,thedefendantcontendsthat /(#' _mitigatingfactorsone,three,four,nine,eleven,andtwelveshouldapply.SeeTenn.CodeAnn._ )h$( 4035113.Thereisnothingwhatsoeverintherecordthatsupportsthedefendantscontentionthat *Q%) factorsone(noseriousbodilyinjury),three(justification),four(playedminorrole),eleven(unusual *:&* circumstances),ortwelve(underduressordomination)shouldbeapplied.Thedefendantcontends +#'+ thatfactornine(assistedauthorities)shouldbeapplied,becausethedefendantcalled911aftershe  discoveredthebabywasinjuredandwascooperativewiththemedicalstaffatthehospital.Wehold  thatheractionswerenotsufficienttosupportapplicationofmitigatingfactornine.    Thetrialcourtappliedseveralenhancementfactorsinthiscase.Thetrialcourtfoundthat T enhancementfactorsone(defendanthasahistoryofcriminalconvictionsorcriminalbehaviorin =  additiontothosenecessarytoestablishtheappropriaterange),two(wasaleaderinthecommission & v oftheoffense),four(thevictimwasparticularlyvulnerablebecauseofage),thirteen(thedefendant  _ wasoutonbond),andfifteen(thedefendantabusedapositionofpublictrust)didapplytothiscase. #  1      ׀  H SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035114.  1    Therecordsupportsthetrialcourtsapplicationoffactorone(priorcriminalhistory).The   defendantspriorrecordrevealsthatshehasbeenconvictedofpossessionofScheduleIVdrugs,   possessionofScheduleIIdrugs,worthlesschecks,unlawfuldrugparaphernalia,forgery,shoplifting,   contributingtothedelinquencyofaminor,andtheft.Enhancementfactoronewascorrectly n  applied.Enhancementfactorfourwasalsocorrectlyappliedbythetrialcourt.Thevictiminthis W  casewasonlythreemonthsoldatthetimetheoffensewascommitted.Whileweunderstandthat @ thevictimsagealonedoesnotnecessarilyestablishvulnerability,athreemontholdbabydepends )y onhisparentsforprotectionandis,essentially,helpless.SeeStatev.Lewis,44S.W.3d501,505 b (Tenn.2001)(useofenhancementfactorfourisappropriateifthefactsshowthat thevulnerabilities K ofthevictim...hassomebearingon,orsomelogicalconnectionto,aninabilitytoresistthecrime, 4 summonhelp,ortestifyatalaterdate(citationsomitted)).Enhancementfactorthirteen(outon  bond)wascorrectlyappliedbythetrialcourt.Thedefendantsrecordrevealsthatshewason  probationforherpriordrugoffensesatthetimethecurrentoffenseoccurred.    Enhancementfactortwo(leader)shouldnothavebeenappliedtothiscase.Theoffense q itself,recklessaggravatedassault,onlyinvolvedoneactor,whichwasthedefendant.Theonlyco Z defendantinthiscasewaschargedwithaggravatedchildabuse.Thetrialcourterredinits C applicationoffactortwo.Thetrialcourtalsoerredinitsapplicationofenhancementfactorfifteen ,| (abusedpositionofpublictrust).Thedefendantwasconvictedofrecklessaggravatedassaultunder e TennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection3913102(b).Section3913102(b)providesinpertinentpart N thataggravatedassaultoccurswhen aperson...beingtheparentorcustodianofachild...  7 intentionallyorknowinglyfailsorrefusestoprotectsuchchildoradultfromanaggravatedassault. !   Thedefendantspositionasthevictimsparentshouldnothavebeenusedasanenhancementfactor " ! sincebeingtheparentwasanessentialelementoftheoffense.S#E# S #E"    X XXX7Thewrongfulapplicationofoneormoreenhancementfactorsbythetrialcourtdoesnot 1% # necessarilyleadtoareductioninthelengthofthesentence.Statev._Winfield_,23S.W.3d279,284 &j!$ (Tenn.2000).Thisdeterminationrequiresthatwereviewtheevidencesupportinganyremaining  enhancementfactors,aswellastheevidencesupportinganymitigatingfactors.Statev._Imfeld_,70  S.W.3d698,707(Tenn.2002).#X7X X XC#ԀTheenhancementfactorsthatwerecorrectlyappliedinthiscase  substantiallyoutweighanyfactorsthatwereincorrectlyapplied.Therewerenoapplicable k mitigatingfactors._The_Ԁrecorddoesnotrevealthatthesentenceimposedwasexcessive.Inlightof T thedefendantsextensivecriminalhistoryandthefactsofthiscase,thetrialcourtdidnoterrin =  denyingthedefendantalternativesentencing. & v    `     h     ___________________________________ R     `     h     JOHNEVERETTWILLIAMS,JUDGE