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S\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X75+ ` hp x 5  &  d d)1dxd<:zTop of For7(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?%2A`Arial?  S\  `&Times New RomanS7Z(X75+ ` hp x 5  )2dxd0KS.SampleK<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterK<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB  ()*/0459 35;AGMSY_11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.(O$<6X9`(Courier New\  `&Times New Roman%2A`ArialSearchTermSR;2738SDU_11(;3$2#  0  .3  0  SR;27413#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)i) !.8!dd8     __   !87XXdd8@hh~V!INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEE  @%ATJACKSON#!~V#Ԉ #    @  @` October5,2004Session F X7X! #!XX7##STATEOFTENNESSEEv.TERRYWEBBX7X!  ? @@ AppealfromtheCriminalCourtforShelbyCounty  9 @@No.0112623JosephB.Dailey,Judge  # @@*AV) ` dE<` A   @@TTNo.W200303046CCAR3CDFiledDecember10,_2004_   AV) ` dE<]` A ^     XvXXX7AShelbyCountyCriminalCourtjuryconvictedthedefendant,TerryWebb,ofrobbery,aClassC V  felony#X7XXXv#XvXXX7#+QXXv#XvX+Q,andtheftofpropertyfivehundreddollarsorless,aClassAmisdemeanor.Followinga ? sentencinghearing,thetrialcourtmergedthedefendantstheftconvictionintohisrobbery (x convictionandsentencedhimasaRangeIII,persistentoffender,tofourteenyears.Inthisappeal, a thedefendantclaims(1)thattheevidenceisinsufficienttosupporthisconvictionforrobbery;(2) J thatthetrialcourterredwhenitdeniedhimanopportunitytoimpeachawitnessattrial;(3)thatthe 3 trialcourterredwhenitdeniedhisrequesttoaltertheproposedjuryinstructions;(4)thatthetrial  courterredwhenitallowedthevictimsincourtidentificationofthedefendant;and(5)thathis  sentenceisexcessive.Weaffirmthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.  #X7XXXvt##!XX7#X7X! Tenn.R.App.P.3AppealasofRight;JudgmentoftheCriminalCourtAffirmed  p   #!X7 #X7X.!JosephM.Tipton,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhichDavidG.HayesandJames C CurwoodWitt,Jr.,JJ.,joined. ,| LoysA. TreyJordan,III,Memphis,Tennessee,fortheappellant,TerryWebb. N PaulG.Summers,AttorneyGeneralandReporter;RachelE.Willis,AssistantAttorneyGeneral; ! ! WilliamL.Gibbons,DistrictAttorneyGeneral;andAmyP.Weirich,AssistantDistrictAttorney " " General,fortheappellee,StateofTennessee. ## Z @@OO& OPINION #!XX7 #X7X! t% % #!XX7A #  X7X!  ThiscaserelatestothedefendantsrobberyofaMapcostorewherethevictim,BetsySue G'"' Bradley,workedthenightshiftasaclerk.OfficerGaylortestifiedthatheworkedasapatrolman 0(#( forthepolicedepartmentandthatonMarch24,2001,hereceived acallofarobberyattheMapco )i$) storewhereMs.Bradleyworked.OfficerGaylortestifiedthathewasthefirstofficertoarriveat *R%* thesceneat3:15a.m.HesaidthatMs.Bradleywas very!kindofupset!excitedupsetwhenhe *;&+ arrivedandthather adrenalinewashigh.Shegavehimthelicensenumberofthevehiclethetwo +$',  suspectsweredrivingandinformedhimthatcigarettesweretaken.OfficerGaylorsaidheretrieved , (- _thevideotapefromthestoresvideorecordersurveillancesystem,whichrecordstheeventsthattake  placeinthestore.     IvonneMaclintestifiedthatinMarch2001,shehadbeendatingthedefendantfor k approximatelyonemonth.Ms.MaclinsaidthatshewasdrivingaDodgeSpiritatthattimebutthat T thedefendanttookitonemorning.Shesaidthecarhadnotbeeninherpossessionsincethattime. =  AccordingtoMs.Maclin,shehadspentthepreviousnightatthedefendantsapartment.Thenext & v morningwhensheawokethecarwasgone,alongwiththedefendant.Alsomissingwerehercell  _ phoneandmoneyfromherpurse.Thedefendantreturnedlaterthatsamedaybutleftagainanddid  H notreturn.Ms.Maclinsaidthatthenexttimeshesawhercarwastendayslateratthepolice  1  impoundlot.      Ms.BradleytestifiedthatonMarch24,2001,shearrivedatworkatapproximately10:00   p.m.Shesaidherattentionwasdrawntoamanwithabadlimpwhoenteredthestore,grabbeda   Coke,mutteredafewwordstoher,andthenleftwithoutpayingforthedrink.Shesaidthattheman n  hadablueshirt,anorangehat,andagoldtooth.Shethenwatchedhimleaveinawhitecarwitha W  badpaintjobandcopieddownthelicensenumberofthevehicle.Shesaidthat,alittlelater,the @ defendantenteredthestorewearinga tweedlookingsweateranddarkpants.Heaskedfor )y directionsandleft.AccordingtoMs.Bradley, hewasasniceashecouldbe,andthenshe b observedthatwhenheleft,hegotintothewhitecarwiththebadpaintjob.Themanshehadnoticed K earlierwiththeblueshirtwasinthecarwithhim.Shesaidthatthedefendantandthefirstman 4 returnedlater.ThedefendantenteredthestorecarryingaBudweiserLightboxandsaidtoher,   Mam,Imgonnatellyou,thisiswhatweregonnado,weregonnahelpourselvestoafewcartons  ofcigarettes,andaslongasyoudowhatwesaydo,youwontgethurt.Shetestifiedthatthe  defendantthenwalkedbehindthestorecounter.Ashedidthisshefollowedhim,grabbedabroom,  andhithimwithit.Sheclaimedthatshewasalreadyshakingwhenshegrabbedthebroom.The q defendantrespondedbypushingherback,and,atthatpoint,shethoughtshesawtheimprintofa Z gununderhisclothing.Shetestifiedthatshebackedoff,watchedthedefendanttakefifteento C twentycartonsofcigarettes,andtelephonedthepoliceasthetwomenwereexitingthestore. ,|   Ms.Bradleytestifiedthathervoicewasquiveringandthatshewasscaredtodeathasshe N telephonedthepolice.ShesaidthatherfearbeganwhenthedefendantenteredtheMapcostoreand  7 informedherthathewasgoingtohelphimselftoafewcartonsofcigarettes.Shetestifiedthatshe !   fearedforherlifewhenthedefendantwentbehindthecounter. " !   Regardingthevideotaperecoveredfromthestoresvideorecordersurveillancesystem,Ms. $# Bradleytestifiedthatthecamerawasfocusedonthecashdrawers,frontdoor,andaportionofthe t% $ counter.ShesaidthatshewaspresentwhenOfficerGaylorremovedthevideotapefromthestores ]&!% recorder.DuringMs.Bradleystestimony,thevideotapewasplayedforthejurywhileshenarrated F'"& andexplainedtheeventstothecourtastheyoccurredontape.Accordingtohernarrationthetape /(#' showed,interalia,thedefendantenteringthestorewiththeBudweiserLightboxandmakinghis )h$( waytowardthecountercontainingthecigarettes.Ms.Bradleyalsopointedoutthedefendants *Q%) accomplicestandingintheaisle,thebroomhandlerisingupasshehitthedefendant,thedefendant *:&* asheshovedher,andhissubsequentexit.Shetestifiedthatshewasafraid,evenafterthedefendant +#'+ leftthestore,becauseshedidnotknowifhewasgoingtocomebackandshoother.Ms.Bradley  identifiedphotographsofthevehiclesheobservedthedefendantdriving.    Thedefendantpresentednoproofattrial.Thejuryconvictedhimoftheftandrobberybased k upontheforegoingevidence. T    I.SUFFICIENCYOFTHEEVIDENCE  & v $  Thedefendantcontendsthattheevidenceisinsufficienttosustainhisconvictionforrobbery  I becausehedidnotplacethevictiminfear.Heassertsthattheproofshowsthatthevictimsactions  2  wereinconsistentwiththoseofafearfulperson.Thedefendantarguesthatifthevictimwasinfear    atanypoint,itoccurredafterthefactanddidnotprecedeoroccurduringthetakingofpropertyas   requiredbyStatev.Owens,20S.W.3d634(Tenn.2000).Inresponse,thestatepointstothe   victimstestimonythatshewasafraidbefore,during,andafterthedefendantstakingofthe   property.Weagreewiththestate. o    Ourstandardofreviewwhenthedefendantquestionsthe%  %(XvXXX7sufficiency%  #X7XXXv(#%(XvXXX7Ԁofthe%  #X7XXXv8)#%_)XvXXX7evidence%  #X7XXXv)#%)XvXXX7Ԁon A appealis whether,afterviewingtheevidenceinthelightmostfavorabletotheprosecution,#X7XXXv*#XvXXX7any#X7XXXv*# *z rationaltrieroffactcouldhavefoundtheessentialelementsofthecrimebeyondareasonable c doubt.Jacksonv.Virginia,443U.S.307,319,99S.Ct.2781,2789(1979).Wedonotreweigh L theevidence,butpresumethatthejuryhasresolvedallconflictsinthetestimonyanddrawnall 5 reasonableinferencesfromtheevidenceinfavorofthestate.SeeStatev.Sheffield,676S.W.2d  542,547(Tenn.1984);Statev.Cabbage,571S.W.2d832,835(Tenn.1978).Questionsconcerning  witnesscredibilityareresolvedbythejury.SeeStatev.Bland,958S.W.2d651,659(Tenn.1997)XvXXX7.    #X7XXXv-#Robberyisdefinedas theintentionalorknowingtheftofpropertyfromthepersonof r anotherbyviolenceorputtingthepersoninfear.T.C.A.3913401(a).Weconcludethatthe [ evidenceissufficienttosupportthedefendantsrobberyconviction.Accordingtothevictims D testimony,sheexperiencedfearwhenthedefendantenteredthestoreandinformedherthathewas -} goingto helphimselftoafewcartonsofcigarettes.Thisstatementwasfollowedby, aslongas f youdowhatwesaydo,youwontgethurt,whichcouldeasilybeinterpretedasathreatof O impendingpersonalperilsufficienttoinspirefear.SeeStatev.ThienDucLe,743S.W.2d199,201  8 (Tenn.Crim.App.1987)( Thefearofbodilyinjurysufficienttosupportachargeofrobberymay !!  bearousedbyaword,orgesture,aswherethevictimisthreatenedwithagunorknife.Evena " ! slightcauseoffearorindirectlanguageofathreateningcharactermaybesufficienttoconstitute #" intimidation,andthevictimmaybedeemedtohavebeenputinfear....).Infact,thevictim $# testifiedthatshewasinfearforherlifeasthedefendantwentbehindthecounter.Shealsotestified u% $ thatshewasshakingasshegrabbedthebroomandfollowedthedefendant,thathervoicewas ^&!% quiveringandshewasscaredtodeathwhentelephoningthepolice,andthatherfearcontinuedeven G'"& afterthedefendantleftthestore,becauseshe didntknowifhewasgonnacomebackinandshoot 0(#' [her]ornot.Whetherthevictimsactionswereconsistentwiththoseofafearfulpersonwasajury )i$( question,whichwasresolvedbythejuryinfavorofthestate.   *R%)   *;&*   Baseduponthevictimstestimony,wenotethatthedefendantsrelianceuponOwensis   misplaced.Withregardtotheoffenseofrobbery,thecourtconcludedthatthelawrequiresthat the  useofviolenceorfearprecedeorbecontemporaneouswiththethefttoconstituterobberyunderthe  statute.Indeed,robberyiscommittedinTennesseeonlyifthetheftofpropertyfromthepersonof k anotherisaccomplishedbyviolenceorputtingthepersoninfear.20S.W.2dat641(emphasis T added)(citationomitted).Inthepresentcase,thevictimstestimonyprovidedampleevidenceto =  supportajurysfindingthatthevictimwasputinfearshortlyafterthedefendantenteredthestore, & v thatthedefendantaccomplishedtherobberybyputtingherinfear,andthatthisfeardidnotdissipate  _ untilsometimeafterthedefendantleftthestorepremises.Theevidenceissufficienttoconvictthe  H defendantofrobbery.  1     II.DENIALOFOPPORTUNITYTOIMPEACH    1;  Thedefendantcontendsthatthetrialcourtabuseditsdiscretionbyrefusingtoallowhimto   crossexamineOfficerGaylorconcerningaconflictbetweenOfficerGaylorstestimonyattrialand o  theinformationcontainedinhispreliminaryreport.Thestaterespondsthatthetrialcourtproperly X  excludedthetestimony.Weagreewiththedefendantthatthetrialcourterredbynotallowingthe A defendanttorebutOfficerGaylorstestimony.However,theerrorisharmless. *z   Thestandardofappellatereviewwhenthedecisionofthetrialjudgeconcerning L admissibilityofevidenceisbasedonrelevanceisabuseofdiscretion.SeeStatev.Dubose,953 5 S.W.2d649,652(Tenn.1997)XvXXX7.#X7XXXv>#Thetrialcourtsdecisiontoadmitorexcludeevidencewillbe  overturnedonappealonlywherethereisanabuseofthatdiscretion.Otisv.CambridgeMut.Fire  Ins.Co.,850S.W.2d439,442(Tenn.1992).    Ondirectexamination,thestateaskedOfficerGaylor, Whatdidyoufindwhenyougot[to r Mapco]?Heresponded, Ibelieveitwasacallofarobberyofthebusiness.Duringcross [ examination,defensecounselattemptedtoquestionOfficerGaylorconcerningthefactthathis D preliminaryreportclassifiedthedefendantscrimeasanoffenseotherthanarobbery.Thestate -} objected,statingthattheoriginalchargeinthecasewouldbeirrelevant.Thetrialcourtagreedand f sustainedtheobjection.Thedefendantarguesthattheofficerscharacterizationoftheoffenseas O a robberywas highlyprejudicialtohiscase.Hefurtherclaimsthatthetrialcourtsrefusalto  8 allowdefensecounseltoinquireastowhytheofficerhaddescribedthedefendantscrimeasa !!   theftinhispreliminaryreportwasreversibleerror. " !   PursuanttoRule401,Tenn.R.Evid., relevantevidenceis evidencehavinganytendency $# tomaketheexistenceofanyfactthatisofconsequencetothedeterminationoftheactionmore u% $ probableorlessprobablethanitwouldbewithouttheevidence.TennesseeRuleofEvidence403 ^&!% states, Althoughrelevant,evidencemaybeexcludedifitsprobativevalueissubstantially G'"& outweighedbythedangerofunfairprejudice,confusionoftheissues,ormisleadingthejury,orby 0(#' considerationsofunduedelay,wasteoftime,orneedlesspresentationofcumulativeevidence. )i$(   AlthoughtherecorddoesnotcontainacopyofOfficerGaylorsreport,itreflectsthat *;&* defensecounselwantedtocallattentiontothefactthatOfficerGaylorstestimony,referringtothe +$'+ policecallfromthedispatcherasa robberycall,differedfromthedescriptionhegavetheoffense  inhisreport.Inboththestatesanddefendantsbriefs,thepartiesclaimthatOfficerGaylorcalled  thedefendantsoffensea theftinthereport.Therecordreflectsthat,uponobjectionbythestate,  thetrialcourtdeterminedtheevidence irrelevantanddidnotexpounduponitsreasonsforthis k ruling.Weagreerelativetoboththerobberyandtheftreports.GivenOfficerGaylorstestimony T thatitwasareportofarobbery,though,wehesitatetoconcludethatthedefendantwasnotentitled =  torebutitwiththeofficersreport.Inanyevent,weconcludethatthetrialcourtserrorwas & v harmless.Tenn.R.Crim.P.52(a).  _   III.JURYINSTRUCTIONS   1  L  Thedefendantcontendsthatthetrialcourterredbyrefusinghisrequesttodefinetheelement   of fearwithregardtorobberyandthatthetrialcourtssupplementaljuryinstructionsresultedin   prejudicetothedefendantscase.Thestaterespondsthatthetrialcourtsinstructionstothejury   werecorrectandappropriateandsupportedbylaw.Weagreewiththestate. o    Beforechargingthejury,thetrialcourtdiscussedtheproposedjuryinstructionswiththe A defendantandthestate.Thedefendantclaimedthat,withregardtotheinstructionsforrobbery,the *z word fearwasnotdefined.Thedefendantarguedthatfearwasimportantandapredicatetothe c taking.Herequestedthetrialcourtinsertaspecialdefinitionfor fearinthejuryinstructions.The L trialcourtdeniedthedefendantsrequest,respondingthat fearwasawordsoeasilyunderstood 5 thatadefinitionwasnotrequiredorappropriate.However,thetrialcourtsaiditwouldgivethe  defendantwidelatitudetoarguethatthedefendantstakingofthepropertymustbearesultof  havingputthevictiminfear.  Ѐ  Thetrialcourtchargedthejurythefollowingdefinitionof fear: Thefearconstitutingan r elementofrobberyisfearofpresentpersonalperilforviolenceofferedorimpending.The [ defendantdidnotobject.Thenextday,thejurysubmittedthefollowingquestiontothetrialcourt: D  Canwegetanalternativedefinitionoffear,specificallyviolenceofferedorimpending.Thetrial -} courtgavethefollowingsupplementalinstruction: f ` ` Offeredisormeansaproposal!oraproposaltodoathing.  8 Impendingmeanstobeabouttohappen!tobeimminent.However, !!  theviolence!forpurposesofthedefinitionofrobbery,theviolence " ! itself,ifitisimpending,neednotactuallytohavehappened.It #" meanstobeabouttohappenortobeimminent. $# ` .T` TThedefendantobjectedtotheportionofthesupplementalinstructionwhichindicatedthatthe ^&!% violenceneednotactuallyoccur.Inhisbrief,thedefendantassertsthathesufferedprejudicefrom G'"& hisinabilitytoaddressthejurysinterpretationofthewords offeredand impending,relativeto 0(#' thesequenceofevents. )i$(   [A]defendanthasaconstitutionalrighttoacorrectandcompletechargeofthelaw.State *;&* v.Teel,793S.W.2d236,249(Tenn.1990).Generally,whenreviewingjuryinstructionsonappeal +$'+ todeterminewhethertheyareerroneous,thiscourtwillreviewthechargeinitsentiretyandread  itasawhole.Statev.Stephenson,878S.W.2d530,555(Tenn.1994).Achargeshallbeconsidered  prejudiciallyerroneousifitfailstosubmitthelegalissuesfairlyorifitmisleadsthejuryastothe  applicablelaw.Grahamv.State,547S.W.2d531(Tenn.1977);Statev.Forbes,918S.W.2d431, k 447(Tenn.Crim.App.1995).Thetrialcourthastheauthoritytorespondtojuryquestionswitha T supplementalinstruction.Statev.Moore,751S.W.2d464,467(Tenn.Crim.App.1988).While =  thebetterprocedureistoadmonishthejurynottoplaceundueemphasisonthesupplemental & v instructionandtoconsideritinconjunctionwiththeentirecharge,itisnotnecessarilyreversible  _ errortofailtodoso.Statev.Chance,778S.W.2d457,46162(Tenn.Crim.App.1989).  H   Thejuryinstructionsinthiscasedonotfailtosubmitthelegalissuesfairlyormisleadthe    juryastotheapplicablelaw.Thedefendantdoesnotexplainwhythejuryinstructionswere   erroneousorhowtheinstructionsmisledthejuryormisstatedtheapplicablelaw.Thedefendant   hadanopportunitytoofferthetrialcourtassistanceindefiningthewordsinissuebysubmittinghis   owndefinitionsforthejury.Thishefailedtodo.Infact,thetrialcourtassistedthedefendantby n  givingdefensecounsel widelatitudetoarguethatthedefendantstakingofthepropertymustbe W  aresultofhavingputthevictiminfear.Weconcludethatthetrialcourtdidnoterrinitsinitial @ instructionstothejuryorinthesupplementalinstructionwhichclarified fear,specifically )y  violenceofferedorimpending. b    IV.INCOURTIDENTIFICATION  4 a  Thedefendantcontendsthatthetrialcourterredbyallowingthevictimtoidentifythe  defendantincourtandinfrontofthejury.Thedefendantarguesthatitwashighlyprejudicialand  improperbecausethevictimhadpreviouslyfailedtoidentifythedefendantwhenpresentedwitha  photographiclineup.Thestatearguesthatthedefendantwaivedtheissuebyfailingtociteany r authorityforhiscontention,and,intheeventthatthiscourtdecidestheissueisnotwaived,thestate [ assertsthatthedefendantsidentitywasamplyestablishedbyotherevidence.Weagreewiththe D statethattheissueiswaived. -}   PursuanttoRule27(a)(7),T.R.A.P.,thebriefoftheappellantshallcontain [a]nargument O ...settingforththecontentionsoftheappellantwithrespecttotheissuespresented,andthereasons  8 therefor,includingwhythecontentionsrequireappellaterelief,withcitationstotheauthoritiesand !!  appropriatereferencestotherecord....Failuretoprovideargument,citationstoproperauthority, " ! andappropriatereferencestotherecordinsupportoftheargumentsaregroundsforwaiver.State #" v.McCary,119S.W.3d226(Tenn.Crim.App.2003);Statev.Thompson,36S.W.3d102(Tenn. $# Crim.App.2000).Similarly,Rule10oftheCourtofCriminalAppealsofTennesseestatesthat u% $  issueswhicharenotsupportedbyargument,citationtoauthorities,orappropriatereferencestothe ^&!% recordwillbetreatedaswaivedbythiscourt.Thedefendantsbriefcontainedtwoparagraphsof G'"& factsandallegationsonthisissuewhichweredevoidofargumentorcitationstoanytypeoflegal 0(#' authority.Theissueiswaived. )i$(   V.SENTENCING  *;&* i +%'+   Thedefendantcontendsthathissentenceoffourteenyearsisexcessive.Hearguesthat  enhancinghissentencefromtenyears,thepresumptivesentenceforaClassCfelonyinRangeIII,  tofourteenyearsbasedsolelyuponhispriorcriminalrecordisimproper.Thestaterespondsthat  thegreatweightgiventothisenhancementfactorbythetrialcourtwasproperandnotanabuseof k discretion.Weagreewiththestate. T   ThedefendantspriorcriminalrecordcontainedfourClassDfelonies,fourClassEfelonies, & v andsixmisdemeanorconvictions.Themajorityoftheconvictionsinvolvedtheftofproperty:eight  _ theftofpropertyconvictions,threeburglaryconvictions,onepetitlarcenyconviction,andtwo  H forgeryconvictions.Fiveoftheeightfelonyconvictionssupportedthedefendantbeingsentenced  1  asaRangeIII,persistentoffender.Thestatearguedthatthedefendantshouldbesentencedto    fifteenyears,baseduponhispriorconvictionsinexcessofthosenecessarytomakehimaRangeIII   offender.Nootherenhancementfactorswerepresented.Thedefendantacknowledgedthathis   sentenceiswithinthestatutoryrangeforaRangeIIIpersistentoffenderandthatthesole   enhancementfactor,priorcriminalrecord,usedbythetrialcourtwasapplicable.Thedefendant n  presentednomitigatingfactorsbuturgedthetrialcourttosentencehimtotenyearsbecausehis W  priorconvictionswerepropertycrimes. @   Indeterminingthedefendantssentence,thetrialcourtobservedthathewasahighschool b graduateandhadearnedvariouscertificatesfrommorethanonetradeschool,thusbeingcapable K ofworkingandearningaliving.Thetrialcourtbelievedthatthedefendantscocaineaddiction, 4 alcoholconsumption,andmarijuanauseled,atleastinpart,tohislengthycriminalrecord.Thetrial  courtnotedthatthevictimwasaffectedbytherobberyandthatthecrimewaswellplanned,without  regardfortheproperty,safety,orfearofothers.After weighingallthesedifferentfactors,thetrial  courtsentencedthedefendanttofourteenyearsinconfinement.     q   Ourreviewofsentencingisdenovoontherecordwithapresumptionofcorrectnessbelow. Z T.C.A.4035401(d).Afterimpositionofthesentence,thedefendantcarriestheburdentoshow C thatthesentenceisimproper.Therefore,aslongasthetrialcourtfollowedthestatutorysentencing ,| scheme,madefindingsoffactintherecord,andgavedueconsiderationinweighingthefactorsand e principlesrelevanttosentencingunderthe1989SentencingAct,wemaynotdisturbthesentence N evenifadifferentresultwerepreferred.Statev.Fletcher,805S.W.2d785,789(Tenn.Crim.App.  7 1991). !     Inorderforthepresumptionofcorrectnesstoattach,theremustbean affirmativeshowing #" intherecordthatthetrialcourtconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsand $# circumstances.Statev.Ashby,823S.W.2d166,169(Tenn.1991).Inthisregard,forpurposes t% $ ofmeaningfulappellatereview, ]&!% 8  8`   thetrialcourtmustplaceontherecorditsreasonsforarrivingatthe /(#' finalsentencingdecision,identifythemitigatingandenhancement )h$( factorsfound,statethespecificfactssupportingeachenhancement *Q%)  factorfound,andarticulatehowthemitigatingandenhancement *:&* factorshavebeenevaluatedandbalancedindeterminingthe  sentence.` x` x  Statev.Jones,883S.W.2d597,599(Tenn.1994)(citationomitted). k   Whenconductingadenovoreview,wemustconsider(1)theevidence,ifany,receivedat =  thetrialandsentencinghearing,(2)thepresentencereport,(3)theprinciplesofsentencingand & v argumentsastosentencingalternatives,(4)thenatureandcharacteristicsofthecriminalconduct,  _ (5)anymitigatingorstatutoryenhancementfactors,(6)anystatementthatthedefendantmadeon  H hisownbehalf,and(7)thepotentialforrehabilitationortreatment.T.C.A.4035102,103,  1  210;seealsoAshby,823S.W.2dat168;Statev.Moss,727S.W.2d229,23637(Tenn.1986).      InTennessee,therangeofpunishmentforaRangeIIIdefendantconvictedofaClassC   felonyistentofifteenyears.T.C.A.4035112(c)(3).TheappropriatesentenceforaClassC   felonyispresumptivelytheminimumsentenceunlessthereareenhancementfactorspresent.T.C.A. n  4035210(c).Procedurally,thetrialcourtistoincreasethesentencewithintherangebasedupon W  theexistenceofenhancementfactorsand,then,reducethesentenceasappropriateforanymitigating @ factors.T.C.A.4035210(d)(e).Theweighttobeaffordedanexistingfactorislefttothetrial )y courtsdiscretionsolongasitcomplieswiththepurposesandprinciplesofthe1989SentencingAct b anditsfindingsareadequatelysupportedbytherecord.T.C.A.4035210,Sentencing K CommissionComments;Ashby,823S.W.2dat169;Moss,727S.W.2dat237.Becausetherecord 4 reflectsthatthetrialcourtconsideredthesentencingprinciplesandallrelevantfactsand  circumstancesinsentencingthedefendant,thepresumptionofcorrectnessappliesinthiscase.    Thetrialcourtappliedenhancementfactor(2),thedefendant hasaprevioushistoryof  criminalconvictionsorcriminalbehaviorinadditiontothosenecessarytoestablishtheappropriate q range.T.C.A.4035114(2).Thetrialcourtdidnotspecifytheweightitgavefactor(2)butdid Z notrefertoanyadditionalstatutoryenhancementfactors.Weconcludethatthetrialcourtbasedits C enhancementofdefendantssentencesolelyonhispriorconvictions.Therecordreflectsthatthe ,| trialcourtsreferencestothedefendantscocaineaddiction,alcoholconsumption,andmarijuana e useweremadeinthecontextofcommentaryastotherootorcauseofthedefendantsmanycriminal N convictions.Therecordrevealsthatthreefeloniesandsixmisdemeanorconvictionsmaybeused  7 toenhancethedefendantssentence.Becausethedefendantdidnotpresentanymitigatingfactors !   andtherecordreflectsthatnoneapply,weconcludethatthedefendantssentenceoffourteenyears " ! isproper. #"   Basedupontheforegoingandtherecordasawhole,weaffirmthejudgmentsofthetrial t% $ court. ]&!%    `     h     ___________________________________ )h$(    `     h     JOSEPHM.TIPTON,JUDGE