WPC wSڏjJ4M1_#2ѓo?|H|iώ<#&%W0ǵ0rM L~I=\"SWoE\!TM1^1ͩG ќ\(",ն’ sVD 󁝌I[:Bk8~`Fw3ϏV$ *;YwH,Tq7ՂoɨC9Nfh(U;R;|'mCoP'\:/U/7ZƁ?1 h9[mWRj{3 ,Nyos/ YӣN[o,Dq8neX4,ZX@YcZ.R9^Ӫ+P ,CJBbSyurF zS u+dUy1b]LȸOCg47 @ɔGznK2|0$'Sx|\Pg[^>)# >U NI % 0(4UF:U<:"b\Edw@, 0D$ 0h 0D V X m` w (t U: U: Y(iU: AQ 0D B& 0DCC D/ B D3HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLh(9 Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($n~<$ @ d3|xmJ,cAZ"Arial Regular,rAZ"Arial Regular- - ;  #Xd#   WJDXJYJDZJ[J:e\JD]J^JӀjJmJ " ɮ$4X XXX   2    X XX ԀApparentlythetrialcourtreviewedthetranscriptoftheappellantstrialpriortomakinghis  decision.  ɮ$4X XXX   3    Sincepetitionerathishearingonthispetitionhasfailedtoproduceasingleadditional  witnesstosubstantiatehisclaimofselfdefenseotherthanthoseactuallycalledattrial,evenafterhavingbeengivenanadditionalsettingtocalladditionalwitnesses,thisCourtwillnotassumethathistrialattorneycouldhavedoneanybetterattrial.(3$ !  (Z(2x$ !  4XeXXX   0  (#$  0    U ɮ$4X XXX   4    ݛPriorpostconvictioncounselhadbeenremovedinJune1996,forrepeatedfailuresto  appear.  !"  XXXX XX   Ad FILEDXX    October26,1998  CecilCrowson,Jr.XXAppellateCourtClerk ,cAZ"Arial Regular,  AZ"Arial Regular O x$4XXXX   1    Inthepostconvictionhearingtranscript,theappellantsauntsnameisspelled Jacocks.In  theCourtofCriminalAppealsdecision,hernameisspelled Jacox.  !"  XXXX XX   Ad FILEDXX    October23,1998  CecilCrowson,Jr.XXAppellateCourtClerk ,cAZ"Arial Regular !#%C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !   d($$   1  ''' dxdP Pd""""'dxd !  [J[J[J[J4XXXXTR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T H  ^J^JjJ^Jr(<,(j 8` `@E` ttx$, r^JjJmJjJr(<,(j 8` `@E` ttx$, rjJmJmJmJ^J^J @ INTHECOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSOFTENNESSEEmJt(>.*jxZ` `@EN` ttx$ tߛmJ*,XXXX* @  @  @< ATJACKSONJUNE1998SESSION  `    * 4,XXX* 474TAVARUSU.#XF-XXXM#XXXXF-ԀWILLIAMS#XF-XXX#XXXXF-, 7 )  :   4 747  7 )C.C.A.No.02C019711CR00423 Appellant, 7 )     7 )ShelbyCountyV. 7 )     7 )HonorableChrisCraft,Judge  7 ) STATEOFTENNESSEE#XF-XXX&#XXXXF-, 7 )(PostConviction/FirstDegreeMurder)#XF-XXX#XXXXF- : Ѐ  7 ) &v  Appellee. 7 )  \ 4c4 #XF-XXX]#XXXXF-FORTHE#XF-XXX=#XXXXF-ԀAPPELLANT:#XF-XXX#XXXXF- c FORTHEAPPELLEE:#XF-XXX#XXXXF-  C.AnneTipton c JohnKnoxWalkup V #XF-XXX2 #XXXXF-AttorneyatLaw c AttorneyGeneral&Reporter < 140NorthThirdStreetMemphis,TN38103 c PeterM.Coughlan X  c AssistantAttorneyGeneral c [J[J[J[JCordell[J[J[J[JHull[J[J[J[JBldg[J[J[J[J.,[J[J[J[J2nd[J[J[J[JFloor c 425FifthAvenueNorth c Nashville,TN372430493 c WilliamL.Gibbons c DistrictAttorneyGeneral c DanielS.Byer c AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral c 201PoplarAvenue,ThirdFloor c Memphis,TN38103OPINIONFILED:___________________ REVERSED;CONVICTIONVACATED; 0P+0 REMANDEDFORNEWTRIAL PAULG.SUMMERS,  3.4 Judge#XF-XXX # XXXXF-   4 D4c QDD/D (8x39 ^J H  7F-XXdXXd7    H  #Xd#    ^J Q(DOPINION  ;(7=  H  7F-XXdXXd7   ^J H  #Xd#    ^J InSeptember1991,fifteenyearoldTavarusWilliams,theappellant,shotandkilledRaymondBrooksoutsideofJ.T.sLoungeinMemphis,Tennessee.HewastriedasanadultandconvictedbyajuryoffirstdegreepremeditatedmurderintheShelbyCountyCriminalCourt.Thecourtsentencedtheappellanttolifeimprisonmentwiththepossibilityofparole.TheCourtofCriminalAppealsaffirmedthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.Statev.TavarusU.Williams,C.C.A.No. x  02C019307CR00137(Tenn.Crim.App.,filedatJacksonJune29,1994).Theappellantsapplicationforpermissiontoappealwasdenied. InNovemberof1995,theappellantfiledamotionforpostconvictionrelief.AnamendedpetitionwasfiledinAugustof1996.Afteranevidentiaryhearing,thecourtdeniedthepetitionandthisappealfollowed.Thefollowingissuesarepresentedforourreview: 44I.Whethertheappellantscounselfailedtoadequatelyinvestigateandassesshiscaseandeffectivelypresenttheproofattrial.II.Whethertheappellantwasdeniedafairandimpartialjuryofhispeersbecausethetrialcourtrefusedtoexcuseajurorwhorevealedinformationprejudicialtotheappellantduringthetrial.III.Whethertheappellantsaunt,DeLoisJacocks, #  1      ׀exerted ' #' undueinfluenceovertheappellantsuchthathecouldnotproperlyconferwithhisattorneyandmakehisowndecisionsregardinghiscase.4 4 Becausewefindthattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthetrialcourtsfindingthattheappellantfailedtoestablishthathisattorneywasineffective,wereversethelowercourt'sjudgment,vacatetheappellant's[J[JconvictionYJ,YJZJZJand[J[Jremandthismatterforanewtrial.  4506  XXXXInFebruaryof[J[J1992,#XXXX#Ԁthe[J[J[J[Jcourtappointedassistantpublicdefender   SamuelPerkinstorepresenttheappellant.XXXXThecasewassetfortrialonJune | 22,1992.! 4 <D4 D!In1992,theappellants#XXXX#XXXXԀfatherwasinprisonandhismotherwasina H mentalinstitute.Theappellantsaunt,DeLoisJacocks,accompaniedtheappellanttohisappointmentswithattorneyPerkins#X XXX #X XXX .Ms.Jacocks#X XXX #X XXX ԀtoldPerkins   thatGodhadforgiventheappellantandwouldtakecareofhim.ShealsotoldPerkinsthatshewasgoingtohirea reallawyeroraskforadifferentpublicdefender.% 4 D4 <Du%  Perkinsreviewedthestate'sfileandobtainedapleaofferfromthestate.Theappellantrejectedanoffertopleadguiltytoseconddegreemurderinexchangeforafortyyearsentence.Theappellantstatedthathedidnotbelievethesentencefitthefactsofthecrime.Withtheassistanceofdifferentcounsel,#X XXX '#X XXX    theappellanthadpreviouslygivenastatementtothepoliceinwhichhedescribedtheshootingasoneofselfdefense.#X XXX #X XXX ԀSincethestatewouldnotmake $" theappellantanyotheroffers,hedecidedtoproceedtotrial. Atthepostconvictionhearing,Perkinstestifiedthathedidnotrequestaninvestigationfromthepublicdefendersofficebecausehewantedtodotheinvestigationhimself.HetestifiedthathehadbeentoJ.T.sLoungeandknewthepeoplethere.Perkinstestifiedthat,onMarch20,1992,hewenttotheloungeandtalkedtothreemenandaladywhowereinthebar.Healsotalkedtothediscjockeys.Hetestifiedthatthe[J[Jpeoplehe[J[J[J[Jhadintervieweddidnotwanttogetinvolvedsohedidnotrecordtheirnames.ThiseffortisprimarilytheextentofPerkinsinvestigationintotheappellantscase. 0948  #X XXX #X XXX AttorneyPerkinstestifiedthathedidnotremembertalkingtothestates  witnesses.Hetestifiedthathisfiledidnotcontainanynotationsthathehadtriedtocontactthestateswitnessespriortotrialorthathehadtalkedtothosewitnesses.AttorneyPerkinstoldtheappellanttohavehiswitnessesgetintouchwiththepublicdefendersofficeandsetupanappointmentsothatPerkinscouldtakeastatementfromthem.Perkinstestifiedthatthiswashispolicybecausetoomanywitnesseshadsurprisedhimattrial.Healsostatedthatifthewitnesseswouldnotcometohisofficethentheywouldbeunlikelytoshowupfortrial.Perkinsnevertalkedtotheappellantswitnesses.Hedidnotsubpoenaanywitnessestotestifyontheappellantsbehalfattrial.̀ #X XXX #X XXX Atthepostconvictionhearing,attorneyPerkinstestifiedthathewasready P togototrialonJune22#X XXX "#X XXX .Hetestifiedthatthetrialcourtgrantedaoneweek 0 continuancebecausetheappellanttoldthecourtthathehadseveralwitnessesthathewantedPerkinstointerview.Atthispointinthepostconvictionhearing,thecourtorderedatranscriptoftheJune22#X XXX B##X XXX Ԁhearing.#X XXX $#X XXX ԀThetranscriptwaslater   introducedasevidenceatthepostconvictionhearing.Thetranscriptrevealedthat,onJune22,PerkinswasaccompaniedtocourtbytheAssistantDirectoroftheShelbyCountyPublicDefendersoffice,attorneyRobertJones.Perkinsaskedthecourtforacontinuancebecausehehadnotcompletedhisinvestigationofthecase.Hetoldthecourtthathehadtalkedtotwoofthestatessevenoreightwitnesses.ThecourtrespondedthatitwassurethatPerkinsinvestigatorhadprovidedhimwithacompletereport.Perkinstoldthecourtthataninvestigationwasnotorderedbecausetheappellantsaunthadsaidthatshewasgoingtohirea reallawyer.ThecourtrespondedthatitwasawareofMs.Jacocksintentionstohireanotherattorney.Thecourtstated,however,thathehadtoldPerkinsfourorfivetimesthatthecasewasgoingforwardtotrial,regardlessofwhethertheappellantwantedtosubstitutecounsel.AssistantDirectorJonesapologeticallyacknowledgedthatPerkinsshouldhave 0948 beenpreparedtogototrial.Jonestoldthecourtthattheappellantscasehadnotbeenfullyinvestigated.Thecourtgrantedaoneweekcontinuance,withthetrialsetforMonday,June29th.ThecourtrevokedtheappellantsbondsothatPerkinswouldhavenotroublemeetingwithhim.Perkinsmetwiththeappellantonetime,thatbeingontheeveoftrial. OnJune22,ShelbyCountyPublicDefender,ACWharton,immediatelyassignedhisSupervisingInvestigator,LeahAbbott,totheappellantscase.Ms.Abbottwasa[J[Jnine#X XXX $#X XXX year[J[J[J[Jveteranofthepublicdefendersoffice.Atthepost  convictionhearing,Ms.Abbotttestifiedthataninvestigatorisusuallyallottedonetooneandonehalfmonthstoinvestigatea seriouscase.Tobeginherinvestigation,Ms.Abbottwasgiventheindictmentandsomeofthediscovery.Ms.AbbotttestifiedthatsheandPerkinsdidnothaveachancetotalkaboutthetheoryofthedefense.#X XXX +#X XXX Shetestifiedthatshewasnotprovidedwithasmuch ` informationabouttheappellantscaseassheusuallyisatthebeginningoftheinvestigation.Ms.AbbottcontactedPerkinstofindouthowshecouldreachMs.Jacocks.Ms.Abbottinterviewedthestateswitnesses.Sheinterviewedeverypotentialdefensewitnessthatshecouldreach.Shefolloweduponasmanyleadsastimepermitted.Ms.AbbottpreparedwrittensummariesofherinterviewsforPerkins.Inhersummaries,shegaveherimpressionsaboutthewitnessesandmadenotationssuchas wedonotwantthiswitness, talktomeaboutthiswitness,and Important,read. Ms.AbbotttestifiedthatshelocatedawitnesswhowasunrelatedtotheappellantortheJacockses.Thewitness,anolderman, feltverystronglythatthevictimhadbeenpullingagunontheappellantwhentheappellantshothim.Ms.Abbottdidnotrememberthenameofthewitnessanddidnothaveacopyofthesummaryofhisstatement.#X XXX -#X XXX ԀMs.Abbottplacedthenameofthewitnessanda P726 summaryofhistestimony,alongwiththeresultsofherinvestigation,inPerkins 0948  boxonthemorningofthetrial.Thewitnesscametotheappellantstrialandwasavailabletotestifyontheappellantsbehalf.Perkinsdidnotcallthewitnesstotestify.Perkinstestifiedthathewasunawareofthewitness. NoexplanationwaspresentedastowhyMs.AbbottandPerkinsdidnotspeakaboutthiswitnessimmediatelypriortoorduringthetrial.ThereappearstohavebeennocommunicationbetweenMs.AbbottandPerkinsafterMs.Abbottsubmittedtheresultsofherinvestigation.Indeed,Ms.AbbotttestifiedthatshedidnothaveareasonableopportunitytodiscusstheresultsofherinvestigationwithPerkins.Fromhertestimony,itappearsthatsheandPerkinsdidnotdiscussthecaseduringtheweekendpriortotrial.Theydidnotdiscussthecaseonthemorningoftrial.Ms.AbbotttestifiedthatPerkinsneveraskedheraboutanyoftheinvestigation#X XXX #2#X XXX Ԁandnevertriedtocontactherduringthetrial. 0 PerkinstestifiedthathespokewithMs.[J[J[J[JAbbott[J[JRJ񀛀RJSJSJthree[J[Jorfourtimesduringtheweekbeforetrial.Hetestifiedthattheytalkedaboutwhatshehaddiscoveredduringherinvestigationandaboutthewitnessestestimony.TheimportofMs.Abbottstestimonyissheneverhadanymeaningfulconversationsabouttheresultsofherinvestigation,ifshehadanydiscussionatall.Finally,Ms.Abbotttestifiedthatshedidnothaveenoughtimetointerviewtheappellant,althoughshedidhavehisstatement.#X XXX 6#X XXX  P(#& #X XXX z9#X XXX  Thetrialcourtdismissedtheappellantspetition.Thecourtheldthatthepetitionerfailedtoestablishthathewasdeniedeffectiveassistanceofcounsel.ThecourtfoundthatthenecessaryinvestigationwascompletepriortotrialandthatatnotimewasPerkinstakenbysurprisebyanythingthatwasintroducedattrial.Thecourtalsoheldthat,evenassumingthatPerkinsrepresentationwasineffective,thepetitionerfailedtoestablishthathewasprejudicedbytheerrors. #X XXX 9#X XXX  P726  Thefindingsoffactofthetrialjudgeonapetitionforpostconvictionrelief areconclusiveonappeal,unlesstheevidencepreponderatesagainstthose#X XXX <#X XXX findings.Wedonotreweighorreevaluatetheevidence,nordowesubstitute p ourinferencesforthosedrawnbythetrialjudge.Questionsconcerningthecredibilityofwitnesses,theweightandvaluetobegiventheirtestimony,andthefactualissuesraisedbytheevidencearetoberesolvedbythetrialjudge.See `  Henleyv.State,960S.W.2d572,57879(Tenn.1997)#X XXX #=#X XXX .#X XXX ?#X XXX ԀTheappellanthasthe @  burdenofestablishingthattheevidencepreponderatesagainstthefindingsofthetrialcourt.#X XXX S?#X XXX ԀSeeid.#X XXX  @#X XXX   #X XXX v@#! 4 [D4 D! Toestablishineffectiveness,apetitionermustshowthatcounsel's p performancefellbelowanobjectivestandardofreasonablenessunderprevailingprofessionalnorms;thisrequiresthepetitionertodemonstratethatcounselmadeerrorssoseriousthatcounselwasnotfunctioningas"counsel"guaranteedbytheConstitution.X XXX SeeStricklandv.Washington,466U.S.668,687(1984)#X XXX WB#; @ X XXX Henley,960S.W.2dat579.#X XXX B#ԀApetitionermustalsoestablishthatX XXX thedeficient   representationprejudicedthedefensetothepointofdeprivingtheappellantofafairtrialwithareliableresult,callingintoquestionthereliabilityoftheoutcomeofthetrial.SeeStrickland,466U.S.at687;#X XXX C#X XXX ԀHenley,960S.W.2dat579.#X XXX D#X XXX ԀTo p&!$ establishprejudicethepetitioner mustshowthatthereisareasonableprobabilitythat,butforcounselsunprofessionalerrors,theresultoftheproceedingwouldhavebeendifferent.#X XXX /E#X XXX ԀAreasonableprobabilityisaprobability ,`'* sufficienttoundermineconfidenceintheoutcome.#X XXX PF#X XXX Henley,960S.W.2dat579 -@), (quotingStrickland,466U.S.at694).#X XXX G#X XXX Ԁ / +. #X XXX G#% 4 D4 [D@% PerkinsfailuretoproperlyinvestigatetheX XXX appellantscaseandpreparefor 3.2 trialconstitutesineffectiveassistanceofcounsel.PerkinsdidnotreceivethewrittenresultsofMs.Abbottsinvestigationuntilthemorningofhistrial.#X XXX oH#X XXX Wefail P726 toseehowhehadanymeaningfulopportunitytoreviewtheseresults.#X XXX I#X XXX The 0948 recordreflectsthathedidnotreviewalloftheinvestigativefindingswithMs.[J[J[J[JAbbott[J[J[J[J.Ms.Abbotttestifiedthatshedidnothavetimetoconducttheinvestigationintheusualmanner,includinglocatingdefensewitnesseswhowereoutoftown.#X XXX 2J#X XXX ThatMs.Abbottwasabletolocateatleastoneunbiased P  defensewitnessinthefewdaysthatshehadtoinvestigatethecaseindicatesthatPerkinseffortsatinvestigationwereinsufficient.AlthoughMs.Abbottcompletedalargeportionoftheinvestigationpriortotrial,itdoesnotappearthatshewasabletoeffectivelycommunicatetheresultsofherinvestigationto[J[J[J[JPerkins[J[J[J[Jsoastobenefittheappellant. ThecourtbelowmadenospecificfindingsofcredibilityregardingeitherPerkinsorAbbott,althoughitreliedheavilyonPerkin'stestimonywhencontrastedwiththeappellant's.Althoughwedefertothetrialcourt,wehaveseriousproblemswithPerkinscredibility.BeforethepostconvictioncourtorderedthetranscriptoftheJune22continuancerequest,Perkinsblamedtheappellantfortheneedtohavethetrialcontinued.Hestatedthat Iwasready.FromreadingthetranscriptofJune22,wefailtoseehowPerkinscouldhaveforgottenthattheAssistantDirectoroftheShelbyCountyPublicDefendersoffice,RobertJones#X XXX K#X XXX ,accompaniedhimtocourtonthedayoftrialbecause p&!$ Perkinswasnotpreparedfortrial,despitethetrialcourtsrepeatedinstructiontobeready.Inanyevent,weturntoPerkinsinvestigation. AlthoughPerkinshadreviewedthestatesfileandtalkedtotheassistantdistrictattorney,thisisnotasubstituteforanindependentinvestigationintothefactsofthiscase.Whiletherewasnodisputethattheappellantshotthevictim,therewasadisputeastowhethertheshootingwaspremeditated.PerkinsinvestigationconsistedofgoingtoJ.T.sLoungeonceandtalkingtothepeoplethatjusthappenedtobetherewhenhearrived.Hetestifiedthathemayhaveinterviewedtwoofthestateswitnesses.#X XXX wP#X XXX Perkinsshouldhaveorderedan 0948 investigationorinterviewedallwitnesses,includingthosefurnishedbytheappellant.AsPerkinsseemedtounderstand,thecaseinvolvedafifteenyearoldchargedwithfirstdegreemurder.Atonepointinthehearing,Perkinstestifiedthathedidnotinvestigatethecasebecause,upuntiltheweekbeforetrial#X XXX S#X XXX ,Ms.Jacockscontinuedtotellhimthatshewasgoingtohireanother 0  attorney.#X XXX uU#X XXX ԀThisisnotareasonablebasisforPerkinsfailuretoinvestigatethe `  appellantscase.#X XXX V#X XXX ԀAllattorneysmustdealwithdifficultclients.Thisdoesnot @  excusethemfrombeingpreparedwhenincourtonbehalfofthatclient.Furthermore,thetrialcourtrepeatedlytoldPerkinstobereadyfortrial. Inadditiontofindingineffectiveassistanceattheinvestigativestageofthecase,weholdthattheappellanthasalsoestablishedprejudiceresultingfromPerkins'representation.Indeterminingwhetherapetitionerhasestablishedprejudice,acourt 44mustconsiderthetotalityoftheevidencebeforethejudgeorjury.Someofthefactualfindingswillhavebeenunaffectedbytheerrors,andfactualfindingsthatwereaffectedwillhavebeenaffectedindifferentways.Someerrorswillhavehadapervasiveeffectontheinferencestobedrawnfromtheevidence,alteringtheentireevidentiarypicture,andsomewillhavehadanisolatedtrivialeffect....4 4Henley,960S.W.2d#X XXX V#X XXX at580(quoting#X XXX [#X XXX Strickland,466U.S.at696-97).#X XXX r[#X XXX  P(#& #X XXX [#X XXX  AreviewofthefactsasfoundbythisCourtondirectappealisnecessary ,`'* todetermineiftheevidencepresentedatthepostconvictionhearingestablishesareasonableprobabilitythattheresultsoftheappellantstrialwouldhavebeendifferentifthatevidencehadbeenintroducedattheappellantstrial.Thetranscriptoftheappellantstrialisnotintherecord.  #  2      ׀Thefactsasfoundbythis 3.2 Courtondirectappealareasfollows: p504 Ї 44OnSeptember14,1991,appellantwasatJ.T.'sLoungeinMemphis,Tennessee.HebegantoarguewithRaymondBrooks,thevictim,concerningawomantowhombothwerespeaking.Themenwereseparatedbyfriends,andappellantleftthelounge.TonyJeffersonwasworkingattheloungethateveningandknewthevictimwell.Aftertheargumentwithappellant,Mr.Jeffersontookthevictimtothebackoftheloungeandtoldhimtogohome.HethoughtthevictimhadcalmeddownuntilheheardhimtellDarrylDawkinsthathewas"goingtogooutthereandslap[theappellant]likeawhore."ThevictimandMr.Dawkinsthenleftthelounge.Outside,theyapproachedtheappellant.Testimonydiffersaswhathappenednext.TonyJeffersontestifiedthatthevictimgotintheappellant'sfaceandasked,"What'sup?"Atthatpoint,appellantdrewagunandshothim.Anumberofotherindividualsalsowitnessedtheshooting.PatrickMasonwasapproximatelyoneblockawayatthetime.Heheardthevictimask,"What'sonyourmind?"beforehegotshot.Aftershootingthevictim,appellantsaid,"Lookatyounow."DavidMongerwasleavinganearbyloungewhenheheardtwogunshots.Lookingaroundhesawthevictimfallingbackwardsandanothermanshootingathim.Hestatedthattherewasahesitationbetweentheshotsandthatthemanappearedtobepickinghisplacestoshoot.Aftertheshooting,heheardthemansay,"ItoldyouIwasgoingtogetyou,boy."WillieHayden,asecurityguardintheparkinglotofthelounge,wasaboutfiveyardsawaywhentheshootingbegan.Afterheheardthefirstshothelookedbacktoseewhatwashappening.Hestatedthatthevictimwasunarmedandhadhishandstohisside.Mr.Haydenidentifiedappellantastheshooter.EricHarrisandMarcus[J[J[J[JJacox[J[J[J[J,friendsoftheappellant,alsotestifiedastotheshootingthatevening.Mr.HarrislefttheloungewithappellantandMarcus[J[J[J[JJacox[J[J[J[Jaftertheinitialaltercationwiththevictim.Later,thevictimcameoutsideandapproachedappellant.Heasked,"Yougotsomethingtosaytome?"Thevictimthenturnedtoafriendandsaid,"Givemethatthing."Atthatpoint,appellantbeganshootingandHarrisranacrossthestreettohiscar.Herefusedtogiveappellantaridehome.Marcus[J[J[J[JJacox[J[J[J[Jgavesimilartestimony.Heheardthevictimsaytoafriend,"Man,givemethatthingsoIcankillthisbitch."Thevictimthenleanedhishandtowardshisfriendwhopulleduphisshirttorevealapistol.Atthatpoint,appellantshotthevictim.Dr.JerryFrancisco,professorofpathologyattheUniversityofTennessee,performedtheautopsy.Hestatedthatthevictimdiedofmultiplegunshotwoundstotheheadand  :p59 chest.Therewereatotaloffourwoundstotheheadandtwotothechest.4 4 Inastatementtothepolice,theappellantstatedthatheoverheardthevictimsaythathe,theappellant,wasgoingtodietonight.Theappellantstatedthathewasapproachedbythevictimandthevictimsfriendoutsidetheclub.Thevictimdirectedseveralepithetsattheappellantandthenaskedhisfriendforthe tone.Thevictimsfriendraisedhisshirtandtheappellantsawapistol.Seeingthegun,theappellantpulledouthispistolandshotthevictim.Hestatedthathekeptonshootingbecausehewasafraidforhislife.Thestatementwasnotintroducedattrialbutwasintroducedatthepostconvictionhearing.#X XXX 3\#X XXX  #X XXX um#X XXX  Theevidencetosupporttheappellantsconvictionoffirstdegreemurderwasnotoverwhelming.See[J[J[J[JStrickland[J[J[J[J,466U.S.at696( averdict...only  p weaklysupportedbytherecordismorelikelytohavebeenaffectedby[counsel'sunprofessional]errorsthanonewithoverwhelmingrecordsupport.)Theappellantcouldhaveestablishedprejudicebyproducingevidenceatthepostconvictionhearingwhichcreatedareasonableprobabilitythathewouldhavebeenconvictedofalesserdegreeofhomicideoracquitted.Weturntotheevidenceintherecordofprejudice.#X XXX m#X XXX Ԁ `'"%  Ms.Abbotttestifiedthatshehad 4Dfound...onewitness...whowasnotrelatedinanywayto[theappellant]ortheJacocks.Hewasanolderman.Hefeltverystronglythatthevictimwaspullingagun.Hebelievedthatthevictimwaspullinga[J[Jgun.SJSJSJSJ[J[J[J[J4 DHadthiswitnessbeencalledattrial,histestimonywouldhavesignificantlybolsteredtheappellant'stheoryofselfdefense.Andevenifthetestimonywasnotsuccessfulinconvincingthejurytoacquittheappellant,itmaywellhaveconvincedthemtoconvicthimofsomethinglessthanpremeditatedmurder.Thismissingtestimonywassosignificantinthecontextofthisparticularcase 0948 thatitsexclusionunderminesourconfidenceintheoutcomeofthetrial.See  Strickland,466U.S.at694.Accordingly,trialcounsel'sfailuretoproducethis  witnessconstitutedineffectiveassistanceofcounselwhichprejudicedtheappellant. QDD/D Thelowercourt'ssolecommentsrelatingtothistestimonygototheappellant'sfailuretocallthiswitnessatthepostconvictionhearing. #  3      ׀Butweare @  perplexedastohowtheappellantcouldhaveproducedthiswitness.Ms.Abbott   foundthisgentlemanonJune28,1992.Theappellantdidnotfileforpostconvictionreliefuntilmorethanthreeyearslater.PostconvictioncounselwasnotappointeduntilJuly11,1996. #  4      ׀Ms.AbbotttestifiedinNovember1996that p shehadnowrittenrecordofthewitness'nameandcouldnotrecallit.Shefurthertestifiedthatshehadgiventhewitness'nameandasummaryofherinterviewwithhimtoPerkins.Perkinsclaimedtohaveneverknownaboutthisman,althoughhewaswaitingoutsidethecourtroomtotestify.Werecognizethatthiswitness'proposedtestimonyshouldhavebeenproducedatthepostconvictionhearingunderthegeneralruleannouncedinBlackv.State,#X XXX p#X XXX Ԁ#X XXX *z#X XXX 794 "  S.W.2d752#X XXX mz#X XXX ,75758#X XXX z#X XXX (Tenn.Crim.App.1990).#X XXX {#X XXX ԀHowever,wethinkitis $" fundamentallyunfairtoholdthisfailureofproofagainsttheappellant\J,\J]J]Jand,therefore,findtheBlackruleinapplicableunderthefactsofthiscase.Tohold P(#& otherwiseputstheappellantinadoublebindfromwhichhecannotescape:hislawyer'sineffectivenesscondemnshimnotonlyattrialbutpreventshimfromlaterprovingthatineffectivenessathispostconvictionhearing.  / +.  ThebestevidencethattheappellanthadofthecrucialtestimonywasMs. Abbott,andhedidproducethatproofatthehearing.Accordingly,becauseheproducedindependentproofofvitaltestimonythatwouldhavebeenavailableatthehearingbutforhistriallawyer'sineffectiveness(inneverdiscoveringthewitness,notcalling[J[JhimWJTJ,TJWJUJUJWJVJVJWJXJXJand[J[Jlosingallrecordofhim),weholdthattheappellanthasestablishedbothprongsoftheStricklandtest. `  #X XXX w{#X XXX  Withrespecttotheappellantssecondissue,itwaspreviouslydeterminedbythisCourtondirectappeal.Therefore,theissueisnotcognizableinapostconvictionpetition.T.C.A.4030206(h).Theappellantsthirdissueiswithoutmerit.Thelowercourt,#X XXX #X XXX suasponte,#X XXX l#X XXX raisedtheissueofwhetherthe p appellantsauntexertedundueinfluenceovertheappellant.Thecourtfoundthatshehadnotexertedsuchaninfluenceovertheappellantandthattheappellantsdecisiontorejectthestatespleaagreement#X XXX #X XXX wasmadewith ` independenceandsufficientmaturity.#X XXX #X XXX ԀTheevidencedoesnotpreponderate @ againstthelowercourtsfindings. #X XXX #X XXX  Forthereasonssetforthabove,thejudgmentofthecourtbelowisreversed,theappellant'sconvictionisvacatedandthiscauseisremandedforanewtrial. 0948 Ї! 4 Dp4 D! QDD/D p _____________________________   QDD/D p PAULG.SUMMERS,Judge  CONCUR:___________________________DAVIDH.WELLES,Judge___________________________JOEG.RILEY,Judge#X XXX >#