ÿWPC ¶\çÐm¶Ë;\HY ¨wÞÝÃÑ>›žµŒåœ:dÆyÖÞb§š¿Á(o沩kÍÊcoÉ t];!YÉó§@.CËäµ}Sǵå—Lµ]­=é$P‹Xðf_Ñâ/l“cj¬55x›ÔLJÑ ¨p-dÛÆù‰ðXÃîÏþSFLq@u ˜žÔnRª÷®ÑÇ'I`¢OïŸ5®ÅùM3e!Ž&b¥¢$5èÍÑgk.HPr¯ÁP:Ñ5Û]™©À51Ü™æN¸Sñ×-=´ýÈkýÙ·|-º. Ž-0•Ö’ç7-« l`í¦;ælöÅ'ô™ËçÚpAžü …uR2q9…ÇÎAˆpO`5 cTÂ=)l[ɮϔ4¬5Ú]ñIóh›cدù„1ohÕy^°nµÉeó²¦8H±ä— r=‹Ÿêîß×OŒœ?Êr«Q ­:€@Óúó ìà'pÅ,C™âzÈ Î^¢·¿O…eÉ––…ujÇyåCD^²hœÙ°29\ȶ˜ã¬É|dÛþi–2îL.V™; s˜ß\í›üšºF×Á­Ñ"g/òÉøU¶õSÔøa~À–Ì“Kë*¬£îcÖÜF.•&ÒÕ”b %\^ b 0ˆnUNöwD4H\ zkÒå· m¹ #ÁÐ ‘ Æ™ Æ_ Æ% Æë ë N±±±E³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³³ 0Dµµµµµbùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùùù 0ë Bìì 0¤  D3­ D-à 0K   ASXÆ« 0¤q 0D A«Y»4¤s-s (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular3j1,ê:i¢Ø+003|x ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ˜HP LaserJet 4050ÈÈÈÈÈÈÈÈ0 Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó- ù-(|G2»[$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€=»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€ô»eò»»Ô d(|3i$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€=»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3i$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€=»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€=»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼=»»»ÔÑ8€VAXXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡î Ü=ÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@WW$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEÔ#†¼=»îî Ü #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€September€25,€2002Ð üL ÐÔ‡XVAX»¼=ÔÌò òÔ#†¼=»XXVA##ÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE€v.€MICHAEL€DOUGLAS€WILLISÔ‡XVAX»¼=Ôó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò ò€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Campbell€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€CR€10857€€€€€€E.€Ô_ÔShayneÔ_Ô€Sexton,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€E2002„00769„CCA„R3„CDÐ ¥õ  ÐNovember€19,€Ô_Ô2002Ô_ÔÐ ‘á  ÐßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€Defendant,€Michael€Douglas€Willis,€was€charged€with€Ô_ÔDUIÔ_Ô,€violating€the€open€container€law,Ð xÈ  Ðand€violating€the€implied€consent€law.€€A€jury€convicted€the€Defendant€of€violating€the€impliedÐ d´ Ðconsent€law€but€acquitted€him€of€the€other€charges.€€The€trial€court€subsequently€overturned€theÐ P  Ðjuryððs€guilty€verdict€but€nevertheless€revoked€the€Defendantððs€license€for€one€year€for€violating€theÐ <Œ Ðimplied€consent€law.€€The€Defendant€now€appeals€the€trial€courtððs€revocation€of€his€license.€€WeÐ (x Ðaffirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ð d ÐÓåÓÌò òTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Trial€Court€Affirmedó óÐ ì< ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÔ#†¼=»àXVA•#ÔÔ‡XVAX.¼=ÔDavid€H.€Welles,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòJoseph€M.€Ô_ÔTiptonÔ_Ôóó€and€òòAlan€E.Ð Ä ÐGlenn,€JJ.óó,€joined.Ð ° ÐÌCharles€Herman,€Assistant€Public€Defender,€Ô_ÔJacksboroÔ_Ô,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€MichaelÐ ˆØ ÐDouglas€Willis.Ð tÄ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€P.€Robin€Dixon,€Jr.,€Assistant€Attorney€General;Ð L œ ÐWilliam€Paul€Phillips,€District€Attorney€General;€and€Michael€O.€Ripley,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ 8!ˆ  ÐGeneral,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð $"t! ÐÓÓÌà@@OO&ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼=»XXVAK#ÔÔ‡XVAX»¼=ÔÐ ü#L# ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼=»XXVAn #ÔÔ‡XVAX»¼=ÔÓ  Óà  àBefore€we€address€the€merits€of€the€Defendantððs€case,€a€careful€parsing€of€TennesseeððsÐ Ô%$!% Ðimplied€consent€law,€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€55„10„406,€will€be€helpful.€€First,€ð ð[Ô_Ôa]nyÔ_ÔÐ À&"& Ðperson€who€drives€any€motor€vehicle€in€the€state€is€deemed€to€have€given€consent€to€a€test€for€theÐ ¬'ü"' Ðpurpose€of€determining€the€alcoholic€or€drug€content€of€that€personððs€blood;€provided,€that€such€testÐ ˜(è#( Ðis€administered€at€the€direction€of€a€law€enforcement€officer€having€reasonable€grounds€to€believeÐ „)Ô$) Ðsuch€person€was€driving€while€under€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€or€drug€.€.€.€.ðð€€òòóóTenn.€Code€Ann.Ð p*À%* Ððð€55„10„406(a)(1).€€Thus,€a€driver€who€is€stopped€by€a€police€officer€for€Ô_ÔDUIÔ_Ô€is€deemed€to€haveÐ \+¬&+ Ðconsented€to€a€blood€or€breath€test€for€the€determination€of€the€driverððs€blood€alcohol€content,€soÐ H,˜', Ðlong€as€the€officer€has€ð ðreasonable€groundsðð€to€believe€the€driver€is€Ô_ÔDUIÔ_Ô.Ð 4-„(-ýà ÐÔ_Ô‡à  àWhen€a€police€officer€requests€a€driver€to€submit€to€a€test€for€the€determination€of€his€or€herÐ ° Ðblood€alcohol€content,€the€police€officer€ð ðshall,€prior€to€conducting€such€test,€advise€the€driver€thatÐ œì Ðrefusal€to€submit€to€such€test€will€result€in€the€suspension€of€the€driverððs€operatorððs€license€by€theÐ ˆØ Ðcourt€.€.€.€.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€55„10„406(a)(2).€€If€the€driver€is€driving€on€a€license€which€has€beenÐ tÄ Ðrevoked,€suspended€or€cancelled€as€a€result€of€the€driver€having€been€convicted€of€one€(or€more)€ofÐ `° Ðcertain€enumerated€offenses,€the€police€officer€shall€further€advise€the€driver€that€refusal€to€submitÐ L œ Ðto€the€test€ð ðwill,€in€addition,€result€in€a€fine€and€mandatory€jail€or€workhouse€sentence.ðð€€òòId.óó€€In€eitherÐ 8 ˆ Ðevent,€ð ð[t]he€court€having€jurisdiction€of€the€offense€for€which€such€driver€was€placed€under€arrestÐ $ t Ðshall€not€have€the€authority€to€suspend€the€license€of€a€driver€who€refused€to€submit€to€the€test€if€theÐ  ` Ðdriver€was€not€advised€of€the€consequences€of€such€refusal.ðð€€òòId.óóÐ ü L  ÐÌà  àIf€the€driver€is€placed€under€arrest€for€DUI€and€refuses€to€submit€to€the€test€after€having€beenÐ Ô$  Ðrequested€to€do€so€and€after€having€been€advised€of€the€consequences€of€refusal,€ð ðthe€test€shall€notÐ À  Ðbe€given,€and€such€person€shall€be€charged€with€violating€[the€implied€consent€law].ðð€€òòId.óó€ðð€55„10„Ð ¬ü  Ð406(a)(3).€€Thereafter,€ð ð[t]he€determination€as€to€whether€a€driver€violated€the€[implied€consent€law]Ð ˜è  Ðshall€be€made€at€the€same€time€and€by€the€same€court€as€the€one€disposing€of€the€offense€for€whichÐ „Ô  Ðsuch€driver€was€placed€under€arrest.ðð€€òòId.óó€€€€€€Ð pÀ ÐÌà  àIf€the€driver€is€determined€to€have€violated€the€implied€consent€law,€the€court€òòshallóó€revokeÐ H˜ Ðthe€driverððs€license€for€a€period€of€time€designated€in€the€statute.€€òòSeeóó€òòid.óó€€If,€at€the€time€the€driverÐ 4„ Ðwas€stopped€and€arrested€for€DUI,€€the€driver€was€not€driving€on€a€license€which€had€been€revoked,Ð  p Ðsuspended,€or€cancelled€as€a€result€of€a€prior€enumerated€conviction,€ð ðthe€driver€shall€not€beÐ  \ Ðconsidered€as€having€committed€a€criminal€offense.ðð€€òòId.óó€€If,€however,€the€court€or€jury€finds€that€theÐ øH Ðdriver€violated€the€implied€consent€law€while€driving€on€a€license€which€had€been€revoked,Ð ä4 Ðsuspended,€or€cancelled€as€a€result€of€a€prior€enumerated€conviction,€ð ðsuch€driver€commits€a€ClassÐ Ð  ÐA€misdemeanor€and€shall€be€fined€not€more€than€one€thousand€dollars€($1,000)€and€shall€beÐ ¼  Ðsentenced€to€a€minimum€mandatory€jail€or€workhouse€sentence€of€five€(5)€days€which€shall€be€servedÐ ¨ø Ðconsecutively,€day€for€day,€and€which€sentence€cannot€be€suspended.ðð€€òòId.óóÐ ”ä ÐÌà  àThus,€before€a€driver€may€have€his€or€her€license€revoked€for€violating€the€implied€consentÐ l¼ Ðlaw,€the€police€officer€must€have€ð ðreasonable€groundsðð€to€believe€that€the€driver€was€driving€whileÐ X ¨ Ðunder€the€influence€of€an€intoxicant€or€drug,€and€must€advise€the€driver€of€the€consequences€ofÐ D!” Ðrefusing€to€take€the€test,€those€consequences€being€more€severe€if€the€driver€was€driving€on€a€licenseÐ 0"€  Ðwhich€was€revoked,€suspended,€or€cancelled€as€a€result€of€a€conviction€of€one€(or€more)€specificÐ #l! Ðoffenses.€€If€the€driver€thereafter€refuses€to€take€the€test,€the€driver€ð ðshallðð€be€charged€with€violatingÐ $X" Ðthe€implied€consent€law.€€If€the€driver€is€thereafter€determined€to€have€violated€the€implied€consentÐ ô$D # Ðlaw,€his€or€her€license€ð ðshallðð€be€revoked€for€a€designated€period€of€time;€additionally,€criminalÐ à%0!$ Ðsanctions€may€be€imposed€if€the€driver€was€driving€on€a€license€which€was€revoked,€suspended,€orÐ Ì&"% Ðcancelled€resulting€from€a€conviction€of€one€of€the€offenses€specified€in€the€statute.€Ð ¸'#& ÐÌà  àWe€turn€now€to€the€facts€of€this€case.€€On€December€28,€2000,€the€Defendant€was€arrestedÐ )à$( Ðfor€DUI.€€The€arresting€officer€testified€that€he€pulled€the€Defendant€over€after€seeing€him€swervingÐ |*Ì%) Ðon€the€road.€€The€officer€stated€that€he€noticed€a€strong€odor€of€alcohol€about€the€Defendant€andÐ h+¸&* Ðfound€a€cup€of€liquid€that€smelled€like€whiskey€in€the€center€console€of€the€car.€€The€officer€askedÐ ° Ðthe€Defendant€to€perform€field€sobriety€tests.€€Based€on€the€Defendantððs€performance€of€these€tests,Ð œì Ðthe€police€officer€then€asked€the€Defendant€to€consent€to€a€test€to€determine€the€Defendantððs€bloodÐ ˆØ Ðalcohol€content€and€informed€the€Defendant€Ô#†¼=»XXVAÌ #ÔÔ€XVAX»¼=Ôthat,€if€the€court€found€him€guilty€of€refusing€the€test,Ð tÄ Ðthe€court€would€suspend€his€license€for€twelve€months.€€The€Defendant€refused€to€consent€to€the€test.Ð `° ÐÌà  àThe€Defendant€was€subsequently€charged€with€DUI,€violating€the€open€container€law,€andÐ 8 ˆ Ðviolating€the€implied€consent€law.€€With€respect€to€the€latter€charge,€Count€2€of€the€indictmentÐ $ t Ðprovides:Ð  ` Ðà8  àà ` à.€.€.€that€[the€Defendant]€prior€to€the€finding€of€this€indictment,€on€or€aboutÐ ü L  ÐDecember€28,€2000,€in€the€County€and€State€aforesaid,€did€unlawfully€refuse€toÐ è 8  Ðsubmit€to€a€test€for€the€purpose€of€determining€the€alcoholic€or€drug€content€of€theÐ Ô$  Ðsaid€[Defendantððs]€blood,€after€having€been€arrested€for€violating€T.C.A.€ðð€55„10„Ð À  Ð401,€and€thereafter€having€been€requested€by€a€law€enforcement€officer€to€submit€toÐ ¬ü  Ðsuch€test€and€having€been€advised€of€the€consequences€for€refusing€to€do€so,€inÐ ˜è  Ðviolation€of€T.C.A.€ðð€55„10„406,€all€of€which€is€against€the€peace€and€dignity€of€theÐ „Ô  ÐState€of€Tennessee.ÐpÀÐ Ð  Ðà8  àà ` àAnd€the€Grand€Jurors€aforesaid,€upon€their€oaths€aforesaid,€do€further€present:€Ð \¬ Ðthat€[the€Defendant],€at€the€time€of€the€refusal€aforesaid€has€previously€beenÐ H˜ Ðconvicted€of€violation€of€T.C.A.€ðð€55„10„401,€ðð€39„13„213(a)(2),€ðð€39„13„218,€ðð€39„Ð 4„ Ð13„106,€or€ðð€55„10„418€or€a€similar€offense€in€any€other€jurisdiction[,]€all€of€whichÐ  p Ðis€against€the€peace€and€dignity€of€the€State€of€Tennessee.Ð \Ð Ð  ÐÌThe€jury€convicted€the€Defendant€of€this€charge.€€The€trial€court€subsequently€overturned€the€juryððsÐ ä4 Ðverdict€on€the€grounds€that€the€proof€did€not€demonstrate€that€the€Defendant€had€been€adequatelyÐ Ð  Ðinformed€of€the€consequences€of€refusing€to€consent€to€the€test.€€Apparently,€the€trial€court,€as€wellÐ ¼  Ðas€the€litigants,€were€proceeding€under€the€impression€that,€because€Count€2€of€the€indictmentÐ ¨ø Ðreferenced€a€prior€conviction,€it€charged€the€Defendant€with€violating€the€implied€consent€law€whileÐ ”ä Ðdriving€on€a€revoked,€suspended,€or€cancelled€license,€thereby€subjecting€him€to€criminal€sanctions.€Ð €Ð ÐThe€officer€testified€that€the€only€consequence€of€which€he€warned€the€Defendant€for€refusing€to€takeÐ l¼ Ðthe€test,€was€the€suspension€of€his€license.€€Because€the€trial€court€determined€that€the€officer€hadÐ X ¨ Ðnot€advised€the€Defendant€that€his€refusal€to€submit€to€the€test€could€result€in€criminal€sanctions€ofÐ D!” Ða€fine€and€mandatory€sentence,€the€trial€judge€overturned€the€juryððs€verdict€of€guilt€on€this€count€ofÐ 0"€  Ðthe€indictment.€€Ð #l! ÐÌà  àA€careful€review€of€the€indictment€reveals,€however,€that€it€makes€no€reference€to€theÐ ô$D # ÐDefendant€driving€on€a€revoked,€suspended€or€cancelled€license,€a€necessary€prerequisite€to€beingÐ à%0!$ Ðfound€guilty€of€the€òòcriminalóó€offense€of€violating€the€implied€consent€law.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ Ì&"% Ð55„10„406(a)(3).€€As€set€forth€above,€a€driver€is€not€subject€to€the€òòcriminalóó€sanctions€referred€to€inÐ ¸'#& Ðsubsection€(a)€of€the€implied€consent€statute€unless€he€or€she€has€one€of€the€referenced€priorÐ ¤(ô#' Ðconvictions€òòandóó,€as€a€result€thereof,€was€ð ðdriving€on€a€revoked,€suspended€or€cancelled€licenseðð€atÐ )à$( Ðthe€time€of€the€stop.€€òòSeeóó€òòid.óó€€There€is€no€proof€in€the€record€that€the€Defendant€was€driving€on€aÐ |*Ì%) Ðrevoked,€suspended,€or€cancelled€license€at€the€time€he€was€stopped.€€Indeed,€the€indictment€doesÐ h+¸&* Ðnot€even€include€this€element€of€the€offense.€€Accordingly,€the€trial€court€acted€correctly€inÐ ° Ðoverturning€the€juryððs€verdict€that€the€Defendant€was€guilty€of€a€Class€A€misdemeanor€for€violatingÐ œì Ðthe€implied€consent€law.Ð ˆØ ÐÌà  àThe€Defendantððs€appeal€arises€from€the€trial€courtððs€subsequent€action€in€ordering€theÐ `° ÐDefendantððs€license€revoked€for€a€one„year€period.€€Specifically,€the€trial€court€entered€an€orderÐ L œ Ðproviding€as€follows:Ð 8 ˆ Ðà8  àà ` à.€.€.€it€appearing€to€the€Court€that€the€defendant€having€been€placed€underÐ $ t Ðarrest€and€thereafter€having€been€requested€by€a€law€enforcement€officer€to€submitÐ  ` Ðto€a€test€to€determine€the€alcoholic€or€drug€content€of€the€defendantððs€blood€andÐ ü L  Ðhaving€been€advised€of€the€consequences€for€refusing€to€do€so,€did€refuse€to€submitÐ è 8  Ðto€said€test,€in€violation€of€T.C.A.€ðð€55„10„406,€it€is,ÐÔ$ Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà ` àTHEREFORE,€ORDERED€that€the€defendantððs€driverððs€license€is€herebyÐ À  Ðrevoked€for€a€period€of€one€year.Ьü Ð Ð  ÐÌThe€Defendant€now€complains€that,€ð ð[s]ince€the€defendant€should€have€been€advised€according€toÐ „Ô  ÐTennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€55„10„406[a](2),€but€was€not,€and€the€Judge€dismissed€the€charge€ofÐ pÀ ÐViolation€of€Implied€Consent€Law,€it€was€error€for€the€Judge€to€then€suspend€the€defendantððs€driverððsÐ \¬ Ðlicense€pursuant€to€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€55„10„406[a](3).ððÐ H˜ ÐÌà  àInitially,€we€disagree€that€the€Defendant€should€have€been€advised€by€the€arresting€officerÐ  p Ðof€anything€in€addition€to€what€he€was,€in€fact,€advised.€€Since€there€is€no€indication€that€theÐ  \ ÐDefendant€was€driving€on€a€revoked,€suspended,€or€cancelled€license€at€the€time€of€his€arrest,€theÐ øH Ðarresting€officer€had€no€obligation€to€inform€the€Defendant€of€any€consequences€for€refusing€to€takeÐ ä4 Ðthe€test€other€than€the€suspension€of€his€license.€€This€allegation€by€the€Defendant€is,€accordingly,€Ð Ð  Ðinaccurate.€€Ð ¼  ÐÌà  àThe€remaining€issue€is€whether€the€indictment€was€sufficient€to€support€the€trial€courtððs€orderÐ ”ä Ðof€revocation.€€As€set€forth€above,€the€implied€consent€statute€provides€that,€ð ð[i]f€such€person€havingÐ €Ð Ðbeen€placed€under€arrest€and€thereafter€having€been€requested€by€a€law€enforcement€officer€to€submitÐ l¼ Ðto€such€test€and€advised€of€the€consequences€for€refusing€to€do€so,€refuses€to€submit,€the€test€shallÐ X ¨ Ðnot€be€given,€òòand€such€person€shall€be€charged€with€violating€this€subsectionóó.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÐ D!” Ð55„10„406(a)(3)€(emphasis€added).€€The€Defendant€was,€in€fact,€charged€with€violating€subsectionÐ 0"€  Ð(a)€of€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€section€55„10„406,€albeit€the€indictment€includes€a€portion€of€theÐ #l! Ðlanguage€necessary€to€subject€the€Defendant€to€òòcriminalóó€sanctions.€€òòóóHowever,€the€language€containedÐ $X" Ðin€the€second€paragraph€of€Count€2€of€the€indictment€referencing€the€Defendantððs€prior€convictionÐ ô$D # Ðwas,€under€the€facts€and€circumstances€of€this€case,€mere€surplusage.€€The€inclusion€of€surplusage,Ð à%0!$ Ðor€unnecessary€words,€in€an€indictment€does€not€render€the€indictment€fatally€defective.€€òòSeeóó€òòStateÐ Ì&"% Ðv.€Jonesóó,€953€S.W.2d€695,€700€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1996)òòóó.€€The€initial€paragraph€of€Count€2€of€theÐ ¸'#& Ðindictment€adequately€informed€the€Defendant€that€he€was€charged€with€violating€the€impliedÐ ¤(ô#' Ðconsent€law;€the€surplusage€contained€in€the€second€paragraph€of€the€count€did€not€negate€that€notice.€Ð )à$( Ðâ  €òòóó€Ð |*Ì%) Ðà  àAccordingly,€because€the€evidence€was€sufficient€for€the€trial€court€to€find€that€the€DefendantÐ ° Ðâ âviolated€the€implied€consent€law€by€refusing€to€take€the€test€after€being€told€of€the€consequencesÐ œì Ðattendant€upon€such€refusal,€the€court€was€authorized€to€revoke€the€Defendantððs€license.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.Ð ˆØ ÐCode€Ann.€ðð€55„10„406(a)(3)€(ð ðIf€the€court€finds€that€the€driver€violated€the€provisions€of€thisÐ tÄ Ðsubsection,€.€.€.€the€court€shall€revoke€the€license€of€such€driver€.€.€.€.ðð).€€The€judgment€of€the€trialÐ `° Ðcourt€is€therefore€affirmed.Ð L œ ÐÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð è 8  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDAVID€H.€WELLES,€JUDGE