ÿWPCÖ ÏGNØÍ„à€i}µë2vV÷ÑÓ.kz9²Qéë¾0¨Ú¬žT&Åãw‰ÍQãú$ Fã'º…õ})…Üj_ÐDüëÂè À¥VP¼ßŸÎµ&uiñk×»çÍ0õµgšR€oÀBØf@˜åBI4Æ6d3*áD/P*´Õ©•YK@ĉyLÁgµ$š‡ôô¬¥³ü¼úk”ı¹7§éé1ÓLÆàJô¼¿ÖBÌ="å¨Þ¶m"A#­Â¢Lý±úK4€üÛÖ¼—g—¥ƒN*ô³Ê_×Y´ÜZÐ EýKs˜<£Z—tkEíê)“ñIàqbgðkøí’’“B?Ó€uM%3|xH,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ßÔ€ XoXXXÔÔ€ R7X XoÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€ XoX R7ÔÐ  ÐÌNovember€20,€1998ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAMÔó ó d%%%%'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýñ?ñ›ñ?ñÑ` °ÑÒ°ÒÒ„°ÒÔ€Š’ÒŠXXÔÔ€ŠóŠŠŠ’ÒÔÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ€ÑÑ7€æqXXdìdÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÓ  Óò òñ?ñßr€ *<,(j 8` `€€@Eôf ` 8ttxP,` ð  rß›ñ?ñIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEÐ `  ÐÌAT€NASHVILLEÌÌJULY€SESSION,€1998ÌÌÌÓ  ÓSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à À à)à  àC.C.A.€NO.€01C01„9707„CR„00309Ð ` Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àó ó)Ð ` Ðà ` àAppellee,à  àà h àà À àò ò)Ð Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àDAVIDSON€COUNTYÐ Xø  ÐVS.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àÐ Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHON.€FRANK€G.€CLEMENTó óÐ Xø  Ðò òTURNER€P.€WILLIAMS,ó óà À àò ò)à  àJUDGEó óÐ Xø  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àò ò)ó óÐ Xø Ðà ` àAppellant.à  àà h àà À àò ò)à  à(Direct€Appeal€„€D.U.I.)Ð Xø Ðó óÌÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌòòÓ  ÓFOR€THE€APPELLANTóó:à h àà À àà  àòòFOR€THE€APPELLEEóó:Ð 0Ð ÐÌCHARLES€R.€RAYà h àà À àà  àJOHN€KNOX€WALKUPÐ  !À Ð211€Third€Avenue€Northà h àà À àà  àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ "¸ ÐP.€O.€Box€198288ÌNashville,€TN€€37219„8288à À àà  àLISA€A.€NAYLORÐ $¨ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€GeneralÌJAMES€BRYAN€LEWISà h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÐ ø%˜ Ð217€Second€Avenue€Northà À àà  àNashville,€TN€€37201„1649Ð ð& ÐNashville,€TN€€37201„1649Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àVICTOR€S.€JOHNSONÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àGEORGE€BONDSÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€District€AttorneyÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àWashington€Square,€Suite€500Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€€37201„1649à Ð àà (# àÐ °.P%& Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED€________________________ÌÌAFFIRMEDÌÌJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÐ  h7./ ÐÓ  Óò òòòÔ‡„ð—„ŠŠóÔOPINIONóóó óÔ#†ŠóŠ„„ð—â #ÔÐ `  ÐÓ  ÓÓÓÌà ` àOn€May€19,€1997,€a€Davidson€County€jury€found€Appellant,€TurnerÏWilliams,€guilty€of€Driving€Under€the€Influence€of€an€Intoxicant,€first€offense.€TheÏtrial€court€sentenced€Appellant€to€eleven€months€and€twenty„nine€daysÏincarceration,€all€suspended€except€for€two€days,€the€remainder€to€be€served€onÏprobation.€Appellant€filed€a€timely€notice€of€appeal,€raising€two€issues€on€appeal:ÌÓÓà ` à(1)€Whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€admitting€into€evidence€highly€prejudicialÏstatements€made€by€Appellant€which€were€not€probative€of€guilt€and€wereÏallegedly€introduced€for€the€purpose€of€inflaming€and€prejudicing€the€jury€inÏviolation€of€Rule€403€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Evidence;€andÌà ` à(2)€Whether€the€trial€court€erred€in€refusing€to€suppress€the€results€of€a€fieldÏsobriety€test€where€the€officer€gave€the€test€under€such€adverse€conditions€thatÏthe€results€were€invalid€and€should€not€have€been€presented€to€the€jury.ÌÓðÓÌà ` àAfter€a€review€of€the€record,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.ÌÌò òÓ  ÓFACTSó óÐ ü"œ ÐÓ™ÓÌà ` àOn€May€1,1996€Sergeant€Robert€Norton,€Officer€William€Turbeville,€andÏOfficer€Shane€Stokes€were€at€the€Kwik€Sak€Convenience€Market€on€West€EndÏAvenue,€when€Appellant€approached€them.€According€to€Sergeant€Norton,ÏAppellant€asked€whether€the€three€knew€Lieutenant€Glen€Yates.€When€one€of€theÏofficers€replied€that€he€knew€the€name,€Appellant€responded,€ð ðwell,€next€time€youÏsee€him,€tell€him€to€kiss€my€ass.ðð€Sergeant€Norton€testified€that€Appellantððs€eyesÏwere€glassy€and€blood„shot€and€Appellantððs€speech€was€slurred.€He€furtherÏindicated€Appellant€smelled€of€an€alcoholic€beverage.€Sergeant€Norton€advisedÏAppellant€not€to€drive,€and€Appellant€assured€him€that€he€would€not.€One€of€theÏofficers€looked€outside€and€observed€that€another€individual€was€pumping€gasÐ \8ü.0 Ðinto€the€car€which€seemed€to€be€the€one€in€which€Appellant€had€arrived.€WhenÏAppellant€left€the€store€and€got€into€the€driverððs€side€of€the€car,€the€three€officersÏpursued.Ìà ` àÌà ` àOfficer€Turbeville€stopped€Appellantððs€car€at€the€corner€of€18th€Ave.€andÏWest€End.€€According€to€Officer€Turbeville,€Appellant€stated€that€the€officerÏð ðneeded€to€get€Lieutenant€Yates€or€Chief€Turner€on€the€phone.ðð€Appellant€alsoÏmade€a€ð ðvulgar€commentðð€towards€Officer€Turbeville,€indicating€that€the€officerÏwas€in€trouble€because€Appellant€knew€Emmitt€Turner€and€helped€him€getÏelected.ÌÌà ` àSergeant€Norton€testified€that€the€heel„to„toe€field€sobriety€test€preferablyÏshould€be€performed€on€a€flat€surface.€He€further€related€that€were€the€testÏperformed€on€a€steep€grade,€the€incline€could€invalidate€the€results€of€the€test.ÏSergeant€Norton€described€the€point€at€which€Appellant€was€stopped€as€a€valleyÏð ðmidway€between€two€hills.ðð€Officer€Turbeville€testified€€and€that€there€was€a€whiteÏfog€line€alongside€the€road€at€the€point€where€Appellant€was€stopped€and€that€theÏline€was€used€in€administering€the€heel„to„toe€test.€Once€shown€photographs€ofÏthe€site,€Officer€Turbeville€stated€that€perhaps€he€was€mistaken€in€testifying€thatÏthere€had€been€a€fog€line.€He€testified€that€according€to€the€photograph€of€theÏlocation,€there€was€no€fog€line€at€the€site.€Ìà ` àÌà ` àAccording€to€Officer€Turbeville,€Appellant€did€not€pass€the€heel„to„toe€fieldÏsobriety€test,€and€the€officers€did€not€perform€the€one„leg„stand€test€for€fearÏAppellant€would€injure€himself.€During€the€heel„to„toe€test,€Appellant€began€theÏtest€before€instructed€to€do€so,€missed€some€of€the€steps€from€heel€to€toe,€andÐ Ð9p02 Ðstepped€off€the€line.€Additionally,€Appellant€made€12€steps€before€turning€around,Ïalthough€the€instructions€were€that€he€was€to€make€9€steps€before€turning.€AnÏofficer€advised€Appellant€of€the€implied€consent€law,€and€Appellant€refused€toÏconsent€to€a€breath€ñ5ñœñ5ñtest.ñ6ñ€€ñ6ññ7ñ›ñ7ñOfficer€Turbeville€testified€that€he€did€not€observeÏAppellant€driving€in€an€erratic€or€otherwise€unsafe€manner,€and€that€he€did€notÏsee€Appellant€break€any€traffic€laws.€Officer€Turbeville€also€testified€that€AppellantÏcontinued€to€make€threatening€remarks€to€him€about€the€towing€of€AppellantððsÏvehicle.€Once€in€the€booking€room,€Officer€Turbeville€reported€that€AppellantÏasked,€ð ð€you€donððt€plan€on€making€captain,€do€you?ðð€ÌÌà ` àThe€defense€presented€Wally€Kemp,€the€owner€of€Valentinoððs€Ristorante,Ïa€friend€and€business€partner€of€Appellantððs,€who€testified€that€Appellant€was€withÏhim€prior€to€his€arrest.€The€witness€indicated€that€Appellant€had€a€cocktail€earlyÏin€the€night€and€shared€a€bottle€of€wine€with€three€other€people€during€diner.€Mr.ÏKemp€testified€that€Appellant€did€not€appear€to€be€intoxicated€when€he€left€theÏrestaurant€shortly€before€his€arrest.ÌÌÓ  Óà @ àò òI.€Prejudicial€Statementsó óÐ P*ð " ÐÓˆ ÓÌà ` àAppellant€contends€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€admitting€into€evidenceÏstatements€made€by€Appellant€to€the€police€officers€immediately€prior€to€and€atÏthe€time€of€his€arrest.€Appellant€filed€a€motion€in€limine€to€exclude€the€statementsÏhe€deemed€prejudicial.€The€trial€courtððs€ruling€excluded€some€of€the€comments,Ïbut€allowed€the€State€to€present€some€of€the€offensive€statements.€In€evaluatingÏâ âa€trial€courtððs€ruling€on€a€Tennessee€Rules€of€Evidence€Rule€403€motion€toÐ ð7.0 Ðexclude€evidence,€the€initial€inquiry€is€whether€the€evidence€offered€was€relevantÏto€the€case€under€Tennessee€Rule€of€Evidence€Rule€401.Ìâ âÌÒ` ÒÒ` „Òñ1ñÓÓñ1ñà ¸ àThe€determination€of€whether€evidence€is€relevant,Ïor,€if€relevant,€should€be€excluded€for€one€of€the€reasonsÏset€forth€in€Rule€403,€addresses€itself€to€the€soundÏdiscretion€of€the€trial€court.€òòState€v.€Hillóó,€885€S.W.2d€357,Ð ¸  Ð361€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòper.€app.€deniedóó€(Tenn.1994).€€InÐ °  Ðdeciding€these€issues,€the€trial€court€must€consider,Ïamong€other€things,€the€questions€of€fact€that€the€jury€willÏhave€to€consider€in€determining€the€accused's€guilt€as€wellÏas€other€evidence€that€has€been€introduced€during€theÏcourse€of€the€trial.€€Ìñ1ñÓ¤#Óñ1ñÌÒ` ƒ#ÒÒ„` ‘#ÒòòState€v.€Dulsworthóó,€781€S.W.2d€277,€287€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1989).€€€Ð Ðp ÐÌÒ` ÒÒ` „Òñ2ñÓÓñ2ñà ¸ àIf€a€trial€court€in€the€exercise€of€its€discretion€findsÏthat€evidence€is€relevant€within€the€meaning€of€Rule€401,Ïand€the€accused€is€not€entitled€to€have€the€evidenceÏexcluded€for€one€of€the€grounds€set€forth€in€Rule€403,€thisÏCourt€will€not€interfere€with€the€exercise€of€this€discretionÏunless€it€appears€on€the€face€of€the€record€that€the€trialÏcourt€clearly€abused€its€discretion.€òòState€v.€Hayesóó,€899Ð €$  ÐS.W.2d€175,€183€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòper.€app.€deniedóóÐ x% Ð(Tenn.1995).ÌÒ` ¶&ÒÒ„` Ä&Òñ2ñÓ×&Óñ2ñÌñ3ññ+ñà ` àÌñ+ññ3ñòòState€v.€Williamsonóó,€919€S.W.2d€69,€79€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995)Ð X)ø! ÐÌà ` àTennessee€Rule€of€Evidence€Rule€403€permits€a€court€to€exclude€relevantÏevidence€"if€its€probative€value€is€substantially€outweighed€by€the€danger€of€unfairÏprejudice."€The€Supreme€Court€has€stated€that€unfair€prejudice€is€"[a]n€undueÏtendency€to€suggest€decision€on€an€improper€basis,€commonly,€though€notÏnecessarily,€an€emotional€one."€òòState€v.€DuBoseóó,€953€S.W.2d€649,€654€(Tenn.Ð ø4˜+- Ð1997)€(òòcitingóó€òòState€v.€Banksóó,€564€S.W.2d€947,€951€(Tenn.1978);€€òòsee€alsoóó€òòStateÐ è6ˆ-/ Ðv.€McCaryóó,€922€S.W.2d€at€515).€€€Ð Ø8x/1 Їà ` àIn€òòState€v.€Banksóó,€the€Supreme€Court€recognized€the€"policy€of€liberality€inÐ `  Ðthe€admission€of€evidence€in€both€civil€and€criminal€cases."€òòBanksóó,€564€S.W.2dÐ P ð Ðat€949.€The€trial€court€must€weigh€the€probative€value€against€prejudicial€effect.ÏThis€Court€cannot€substitute€its€judgment€for€that€of€the€trial€court€or€declare€errorÏabsent€a€finding€that€the€trial€court€abused€its€discretion.€òòState€v.€Robinsonóó,€930Ð  À ÐS.W.2d€78,€85€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995€(òòcitingóóòò€State€v.€Melsonóó,€638€S.W.2d€342Ð °  Ð(Tenn.1982)).€€ÌÌà ` àAppellantððs€ñ7ñbeligerenceñ7ññ7ñbelligerenceñ7ñ€and€obnoxious€behavior€toward€police€œofficersñ;ñ,ñ;ñ›€atÏa€time€when€clear€thinking€would€certainly€call€for€a€more€subdued€œapproachñ<ñ,ñ<ñ›€isÏhighly€probative€on€the€question€of€Appellantððs€intoxication.€€Moreover,€althoughÏthese€statements€were€less€than€wisely€made€under€the€circumstances,€they€doÏnot€strike€a€chord€that€could€be€said€to€unduly€suggest€a€decision€by€the€jury€onÏsome€basis€other€that€the€facts€of€the€case.€€œñ=ñfñ=ññ>ñFñ>ñinally,›€there€is€ñ7ñoverwhelmongñ7ññ7ñoverwhelmingñ7ñÏevidence€of€Appellantððs€guilt€of€D.U.I.€and€even€without€the€statements€it€isÏvirtually€certain€he€would€have€been€convicted.€€Under€these€circumstances,€weÏfind€that€the€trial€court€did€not€abuse€its€discretion€in€determining€that€theÏstatements€were€relevant€and€that€the€prejudicial€effect€did€not€substantiallyÏoutweigh€the€probative€value.€This€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌò òÓ  ÓII.€Field€Sobriety€Testó óÐ  0À&( ÐÓe2ÓÌà ` àAppellant€further€complains€that€the€trial€court€erred€in€admitting€evidenceÏof€the€field€sobriety€test,€because€the€officer€who€administered€the€test€failed€toÏcomply€with€the€guidelines€set€out€by€the€National€Highway€Traffic€SafetyÏAdministration.€We€disagree.€The€admission€of€evidence€is€a€matter€within€theÐ à9€02 Ðdiscretion€of€the€trial€court.€òòState€v.€Banksóó,€òòsupraóó,€at€949.€The€trial€court€permittedÐ `  Ðdefense€counsel€wide€latitude€in€cross„examining€the€officers€regarding€theÏresults€of€the€field„sobriety€œtestñ8ñs€añ8ññ9ññ8ñht€the€circumstances€underñ8ññ9ññ:ñnd€the€circumstances€under€which€the€testsÏwere€administeredñ:ñ.›€The€defense€was€able€to€put€before€the€jury€testimony€by€aÏparticipating€officer€that€a€failure€to€strictly€adhere€to€the€safety€guidelines€mightÏaffect€the€reliability€of€the€sobriety€test.€The€conditions€under€which€the€tests€wereÏpreformed€relate€to€the€weight€to€be€afforded€the€test€results,€not€the€admissibilityÏof€the€results.€The€weight€to€give€such€evidence€is€a€question€for€the€jury.€ThisÏCourt€will€not€second„guess€such€jury€determinations.€This€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà ` àAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.ÌÌÓ  ÓÓÓà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à____________________________________Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àJERRY€L.€SMITH,€JUDGEÌÌÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌPAUL€G.€SUMMERS,€JUDGEÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JUDGE