ÿWPCÔ$ %xŠÏ·Ôœhq¾óBG€9cvú~@ÄœV2­± *¸g¼o€ÇD\Ýç"[¼o[ˆÁöw=¬ã`Óéw•õkq–z#°†=ÔêàR5Dš‘ÏÏól!r ‡a ”,Ìf(çp¢6²°YWÑâ 8Ï_2âíÊÍ} ‘iœŠE‡™tÛ³ë³åKEø¾î~/ÙÞu$T!ÆdÀç8ÌmÁ®[PT¤ÏmM“1R¥Ž³é3d{MÁ)¯†gÂÑdTwok<¶‹Ï/lMX›åzC=¥k€âTÉ1Âéòƒ~;´Zó£Žé«q~³®¨Èøžå|U'áÔz&ßuÜ>Õ¼¬€LÄn”™•9»SYM~ù®SËÌBÓwgÆØ0-ñ`šY°õË.¬HBÂpçp½g"ñ+…GÔîÿê%¦M˜£'rŒî"¬r#êÝ{]•}v1­ú²Ь¢ÅÙ¯ù½|p⪌Žˆà Y#ØeFáû’ν÷‹ÐeP¹0C…{ 3 ÚŒ:×âªÝŽr|4‘f‰%`M,©íW=ž•fªÕ)¬~>+Ñ 3áÀ‹g‡ÛÙŸá ˆæSvÖÂL|LâaohË»›I„õØšJÃâªÜ‰ÏµpzÔи‰$[üΣ-ÞÒ^9 %w@$ 0ÜdU :@4zŽ 0 ½ 0DÅ U : AQC Œ” š )ºU:ããã㪠°Ç BwÆ” 0DZ 0Dž 0Dâ â D/&!&! BU! D3r!r!r!r!r!r!r!r!r!r!r!r!r!r!r!r!/¥!X lEmnDoUpDqDresr‚tÓ€€(´`$¡¡Ñ°ÑÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€‰GXXdðXXdð7ÑÑ  Ñ,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regularn~<$æ3|x€(Ð(3U˜$¤¤Ý ƒ`!ÝÑ°ÑÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€<ÎXXdædæ7ÑÑ  ÑÝ  Ýà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó, øð AZ"Arial Regular !"#%Cþÿ<< Cÿÿ ‚Ò°ÒÔ€ô“ÂôXXÔÝ ƒU˜ÿÝÑ@°ÑÒÒÑT@R[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7À<ÎXXdædæ7ÑÑ @ Ñà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ‡ ôLíôôô“ÂÔWe€note€the€appellant€was€indicted,€along€with€two€other€co„defendants€Quincy€BledsoeÐ  Ðand€Fredreqous€Demon€Neal.€€Bledsoe€pled€guilty€to€aggravated€kidnapping€and€attemptedÏescape€on€November€12,€1997,€and€was€sentenced€to€nine€years€for€aggravated€kidnapping€andÏnine€months€for€attempted€escape.€€ Ò°ÒÔ€ô“ÂôXXÔÝ ƒU˜ÿÝÑ@°ÑÒÒÑT@R[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7À<ÎXXdædæ7ÑÑ @ Ñà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ‡ ôLíôôô“ÂÔThe€appellant€pled€guilty€to€attempted€felonious€escape€on€November€12,€1997. Ý ƒ!¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€XL„XXXÔÔ€wXXL„ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€XL„XwÔÐ  ÐÌò òNovember€12,€1998Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ô“ÂôXXL„ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular   Ò°ÒÔ€ôSŠôXXÔÝ ƒüÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ‡ ô žôôôSŠÔAs€the€appellant€cited€within€his€brief,€the€following€cases€applied€the€exceptional€crueltyÐ  Ðenhancement€factor.€€òòSeeóó€òòÔ#†ôSŠôô ô žp#ÔÔ‡ ô žôôôSŠÔPoole›óó,€945€S.W.2d€93€(holding€this€factor€applied€to€aggravated€robberyÐ ÐÈ Ðcase€where€victim,€seventy€year€old€woman,€was€beaten€unconscious€with€baseball€bat);€òòState€v.óóÐ ˜ ÐòòAlexanderóó,€957€S.W.2d€1€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1997)€(holding€factorÐ ` X Ðapplicable€where€victim€was€beaten€with€hammer€and€received€numerous€stab€wounds€to€faceÏrequiring€complex€surgical€procedures);€òòState€v.€œLeggs›óó,€955€S.W.2d€845,€848€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.),Ð ð è Ðòòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1997)€(applying€this€factor€where€victim€of€child€abuse€receivedÐ ¸ ° Ðsevere€bruising€to€his€buttocks€and€scrotum€along€with€other€evidence€of€beating);Ô#†ôSŠôô ô žE#Ô€òòState€v.€Carteróó,Ð € x Ð908€S.W.2d€410€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995)€(holding€this€factor€applicable€in€aggravating€kidnappingÏand€aggravated€robbery€case€where€victim€was€left€outside€in€freezing€weather€unclothedÏfollowing€rape);€òòState€v.€Kernóó,€909€S.W.2d€5€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993)€(holding€this€factor€appliedРƾ  Ðin€especially€aggravated€kidnapping€and€especially€aggravated€robbery€case€where€the€victim€wasÏsubject€to€repeated€sexual€remarks€and€forced€to€remove€her€clothing€at€œknifepoint›);€òòState€v.Ð B:  ÐDavisóó,€825€S.W.2d€109,€113€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1991)€(applying€this€factor€where€rape€victim€wasÐ ø  Ðbound€after€disrobing,€and€defendant€subsequently€urinated€in€victimððs€mouth).Ìà ` àòòButóó€òòseeóó€òòÔ‡ ô žôôôSŠÔœEmbry›óó,€915€S.W.2d€451(rejecting€this€factor€where€victim€of€rape€was€forced€atÐ |t  Ðœknifepoint›€to€remove€her€clothing€and€subjected€to€sexual€acts);€òòManning€v.€Stateóó,€883€S.W.2dÐ F>  Ð635€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994)€(rejecting€enhancing€factor€where€victim€was€abducted€in€daylightÏand€forced€into€four€separate€acts€of€sexual€activity€while€being€held€at€œknifepoint›€while€usingÏabusive€language€and€threats);Ô#†ôSŠôô ô ž¥#ÔÔ‡ ô žôôôSŠÔ€Ô#†ôSŠôô ô ž¨ #ÔòòState€v.€Edwardsóó,€868€S.W.2d€682,€703€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993)Ð ž– Ð(rejecting€this€factor€where€victim€of€rape€was€ð ðgagged,€threatened,€and€struckðð).€€€€€ ¦Ò°ÒÔ€ôSŠôXXÔÔ‡ ô žôôôSŠÔÝ ƒüÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ#†ôSŠôô ô ž-#ÔÔ‡ ô žôôôSŠÔShe€testified€that€the€appellant€was€initially€taken€out€of€his€home€in€December€1992€andÐ  Ðplaced€in€€the€following€facilities:€€St.€Josephððs€Hospital€with€the€Department€of€Mental€Health€andÏMental€Retardation,€Timber€Springs,€Serendipity,€Natchez›€Trace€Wilderness€Program,€CharterÐ ˜ p ÐœLakeside›€Hospital,€œShelby›€Training€Center,€Wilder€Youth€Development€Center,€and€Taft€YouthÏCenter.€ÌÔ#†ôSŠôô ô ž²#Ô dƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó'''÷ÿ dxdüÿP Pd'ÿÿdxd %Ò°ÒÔ€ôSŠôXXÔÝ ƒüÝÿÝà ` àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ‡ ô žôôôSŠÔNotwithstanding€the€appellantððs€waiver€of€this€issue,€it€is€without€merit.€€In€this€instance,Ð  Ðthe€trial€judgeððs€comment€upon€the€venue€of€the€criminal€offenses€was€never€at€issue€in€the€case.€ÏContrary€to€the€appellantððs€assertion,€the€trial€court€neither€commented€on€specific€evidence€norÏon€the€innocence€or€guilt€of€the€appellant.€€Moreover,€the€comment€did€not€affect€a€substantialÏright€of€the€accused,€nor€did€it€result€in€prejudice€to€the€judicial€process.€€òòState€v.€Greggóó,€874Ð (  ÐS.W.2d€643€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1993);€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€52(a);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(b).€€The€error,Ïif€any,€was€harmless.€€Ý ƒ`!ÝÑ°ÑÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ7€L„XXdædÈ7ÑÑ  ÑÝ  Ýñrñ›ñrñÓ ÔþÓò òà@. . ®àIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ  Ðà@**)®àAT€JACKSONˆÌñ€ñœßt€ (>.*jxxE` `€€@E@% ` ttx$xà4  tß›ñ€ñà@ÈÈ$®àOCTOBER€SESSION,€1998ˆÌÌÌÌñ€ññ€ñÌSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE,à h àà À à)Ð | t Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àNo.€02C01„9802„CC„00052Ð h` Ðà ` àAppelleeà  àà h àà À à)Ð TL  Ðñ€ññ€ñà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àFAYETTE€COUNTYÐ @8  Ðvs.à ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)Ð ,$  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  àHon.€JON€KERRY€BLACKWOOD,€JudgeÐ   ÐKELVIN€ANDRE€WILSON,à À à)Ð ü  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À à)à  à(Aggravated€Kidnapping;€AttemptedÐ ðè  Ðà ` àAppellantà  àà h àà À à)à  àFelonious€Escape)Ð ÜÔ  Ðó óÌñ€ññ€ñÌÌòòFor€the€Appellantóó:à  àà h àà À àà  àòòFor€the€Appelleeóó:Ð zr ÐÌò òC.€Michael€Robbinsó óà h àò òà À àà  àJohn€Knox€Walkupó óÐ F> Ð46€North€Third€Streetà h àà À àà  àAttorney€General€and€ReporterÐ 2* ÐSuite€719à ¸ àÐ  ÐMemphis,€TN€€38103à h àò òà À àà  àDouglas€D.€Himesó óÐ þö Ðñ€ññ€ñà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àAssistant€Attorney€Generalà Ð àà (# àÐ êâ Ð(ON€APPEAL)à  àà h àà À àà  àCriminal€Justice€DivisionÐ ÐÈ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à425€Fifth€Avenue€NorthÌò òGary€F.€Antricanó óà  àà h àà À àà  à2d€Floor,€Cordell€Hull€BuildingÐ œ ” ÐDistrict€Public€Defenderà h àà À àà  àNashville,€TN€37243„0493à x àà Ð àà (# àÐ ˆ!€ Ðà ` àÌò òñ€ñßr€ (<,(j 8` `€€@EÈY#` ttx$T#ð Ùrßñtñœñtññ€ñRickey€ñsñœñsñGriggsó óà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àÐ T#L ÐAsst.€Public€Defenderò òà h àà À àà  àElizabeth€T.€Riceó óÐ @$8  ÐP.€O.€Box€700à  àà h àà À àà  àDistrict€Attorney€GeneralÐ ,%$! ÐSomerville,€TN€€38068à h àà À àà  à302€Market€StreetÐ & " Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àSomerville,€TN€€38068Ì(AT€TRIAL)à ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àÐ Þ'Ö $ ÐÌÌÌÌOPINION€FILED:€€òò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÐ \,T%) ÐÌAFFIRMEDÌÌÌÌò òDavid€G.€Hayesó óÐ À1¸*/ ÐJudgeÐ  ¬2¤+09 ÐÓÓÔ‡ XÓlXXXÔà@+®àò òòòOPINIONóóó óˆÐ  ÐÌà ` àThe€appellant,€Kelvin€Andre€Wilson,€appeals€his€conviction€and€sentence€for€Ïaggravated€kidnapping€by€the€Fayette€County€Circuit€Court.€€Prior€to€his€trial€for€theÏaggravated€kidnapping€charge,€the€appellant€pled€guilty€to€attempted€feloniousÏescape.׃ ×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€The€trial€court€imposed€a€ten€year€sentence€for€aggravated€kidnappingÐ h`  Ðand€eleven€months€and€twenty„nine€days€for€attempted€felonious€escape.׃ X×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€TheÐ H@  Ðappellant€raises€three€issues€for€our€review:ÌÓÓà8 ` à1)€whether€the€trial€court€improperly€commented€on€the€evidenceÏduring€voir€dire;Ð ` ü!` ü! Ðà8 ` à2)€whether€the€trial€court€improperly€considered€general€deterrence€atÏthe€sentencing€hearing;€and,Ð ` ü!` ü! Ðà8 ` à3)€whether€the€trial€court€improperly€considered€the€enhancing€factorÏthat€the€victim€was€treated€with€exceptional€cruelty.Ð ` ü!` ü! ÐÌÓÓÌà ` àBased€upon€our€review€of€the€record,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€isÏaffirmed.ÌÌà@ëë%®àò òFactual€BackgroundˆÐ $ ÐÌà ` àó óAt€trial,€the€proof€developed€the€following€facts.€€On€March€21,€1997,€theÐ Ø'Ð # Ðappellant,€a€juvenile,€was€incarcerated€at€the€Wilder€Youth€Development€Center,€aÏstate€facility€for€delinquent€youth,€which€is€located€in€Somerville.€€Christine€Johnson,Ïa€forty„two€year€old€youth€service€officer€at€Wilder,€was€supervising€the€recreation€ofÏthe€Programmatic€Segregation€Unit€(PSU),€which€the€officer€described€as€the€ð ðoverlyÏaggressive,€assaultive€type€students.ðð€€A€total€of€eight€juveniles€were€outside€at€theÏbasketball€courts€including€the€appellant,€who€was€€seventeen€years€old,€and€his€twoÐ 3,/ Ðco„defendants,€Quincy€Bledsoe€and€Fredreqous€Demon€Neal,€both€sixteen€yearsÏold.€€ÌÌà ` àBecause€the€appellant€began€ð ðhorseplayingðð€with€another€juvenile,€Ms.ÏJohnson€ceased€the€juvenilesðð€recreation€time€and€ordered€them€to€prepare€to€returnÏindoors.€€€€The€appellant€encountered€Ms.€Johnson€stating,€ð ðWeððre€straight.ðð€€Ms.ÏJohnson€replied,€ð ðNo,€weððre€going€in€because€you€know€horseplaying€is€notÏallowed.ðð€€The€appellant€then€grabbed€Ms.€Johnson€around€her€neck€and€beganÏchoking€her.€€ÌÌà ` àIn€an€effort€to€call€for€help,€Ms.€Johnson€attempted€to€ð ðkeyðð€her€radio,Ïhowever,€someone€had€taken€the€radio€as€well€as€her€keys.€€At€this€point,€Ms.ÏJohnson€believed€she€would€die;€therefore,€she€feigned€unconsciousness€and€fell€toÏthe€ground.€€Next,€the€appellant€and€Charles€Lusk€attempted€to€handcuff€the€victim.€ÏShe€pleaded€with€Bledsoe€not€to€kill€her,€and€Bledsoe€told€her,€ð ðjust€lay€down€and€letÏthem€handcuff€you.ðð€€After€handcuffing€Ms.€Johnson,€one€of€the€co„defendantsÏgroped€the€victimððs€buttocks.€€The€appellant€and€his€co„defendants€placed€a€sock€inÏthe€victimððs€mouth€to€gag€her.€€Then,€the€group€tied€her€feet€with€strips€of€cloth€fromÏpillow€cases,€unlocked€the€storage€room€door€with€her€keys,€and€placed€her€inside.€ÌÌà ` àWhile€confined,€Ms.€Johnson€overheard€the€juveniles€plotting€their€escapeÏplans€to€elude€Mr.€Hayes,€another€officer€at€Wilder€stationed€at€the€observationÏbooth.€€Eventually,€Mr.€Hayes€noticed€two€other€juveniles,€uninvolved€in€theseÏcharges,€quickly€peering€inside€the€door€which€alerted€him€to€the€fact€that€somethingÏwas€wrong.€€Upon€finding€Ms.€Johnsonððs€keys€and€radio,€Officer€Hayes€radioed€forÏbackup.€€Hayes,€then€proceeded€to€secure€the€remaining€juveniles€in€their€quarters.€ÏThereafter,€Hayes€found€Ms.€Johnson€locked€in€the€storage€room€ððhandcuffed,€legsÏtied,€gagged,€and€.€.€.€trembling.ðð€€Ð ¨9 26 Їà ` àAt€trial,€Ms.€Johnson€testified€that€the€handcuffs€were€extremely€tight€uponÏher€wrists€requiring€the€assistance€of€two€officers€to€remove€them.€€She€testified€thatÏshe€€experienced€numbness€in€her€hands€for€one€month€following€the€incident.€€SheÏfurther€testified€that€she€sustained€temporary€injuries€to€her€wrists€from€theÏhandcuffs,€to€her€neck€from€the€choking€which€temporarily€damaged€her€voice,€andÏcuts€to€the€corners€of€her€mouth€from€the€gag.€€The€record€reflects€that€Ms.€JohnsonÏmissed€several€months€of€work€in€order€to€physically€and€mentally€recuperate€fromÏthe€effects€of€this€incident.ÌÌà ` àThe€defense€presented€one€witness,€Charles€Tate,€an€eighteen€year€old€whoÏwas€housed€at€Wilder€at€the€time€of€the€offense.€€Tate€testified€that€he€and€theÏappellant€had€discussed€escaping€from€Wilder€one€week€before€this€incident.€€TateÏstated€that€the€appellant€was€the€leader€in€the€plot€to€escape€and€initiated€the€planÏby€choking€Ms.€Johnson.€€Tate€revealed€that€Charles€Lusk€had€torn€the€pillow€caseÏinto€strips€and€hid€them€in€his€pants€before€going€outside€for€recreation.€€ThroughÏTateððs€testimony,€he€revealed€that€the€appellant€and€Lusk€successfully€ð ðgot€underÏthe€fence;ðð€however,€the€appellant€was€unable€to€penetrate€the€second€fenceÏbecause€the€fence€was€affixed€to€concrete.€€ÌÌà ` àThe€jury€found€the€appellant€guilty€of€aggravated€kidnapping,€and€his€co„¼defendant€Neal€guilty€of€false€imprisonment,€a€Class€A€misdemeanor,€and€attemptedÏescape,€a€Class€A€misdemeanor.€€€ÌÌà ` àAt€the€sentencing€hearing,€the€State€introduced€the€testimony€of€JeanetteÏBirge,€the€superintendent€at€Wilder€Youth€Development€Center.€She€testified€thatÏthe€appellant€has€passed€through€numerous€juvenile€facilities׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€and€was€moved€fromÐ è5à.2 Ðthese€places€ð ðdue€to€assault,€taunting€of€peers,€run€[sic]€away,€vandalism,€andÏinappropriate€sexual€behavior.ðð€€€The€appellant€was€moved€to€Wilder€because€of€anÏattempted€aggravated€arson€at€the€Shelby€Training€Center.€€Subsequently,€he€wasÏtransferred€from€Wilder€to€Taft€Youth€Center€because€of€another€assault.€€ÌÌà ` àIn€January€of€1997,€the€appellant€was€placed€in€the€PSU€at€Taft€for€yetÏanother€assault.€€The€following€month,€he€assaulted€another€staff€member€with€anÏiron€bar.€€The€appellant€had€numerous€other€offenses€at€Taft€including€ð ðbattery,€.€.€.€,Ïpossession€of€a€weapon,€destroying€property,€arson,€threatening€staff,€threateningÏstudents,€conspiracy,€sexual€misconduct,€fighting,€interfering€with€staff€and€repeatedÏrefusal€[sic].ðð€€As€a€result,€the€appellant€was€returned€to€Wilder.€€€One€month€later,Ïthe€appellant€then€attacked€Ms.€Johnson€in€the€case€before€us.ÌÌà ` àThe€presentence€report€reflects€that€the€appellant€has€an€extensive€juvenileÏcriminal€history€including€two€convictions€of€theft€of€a€vehicle,€aggravated€arson,Ïassault,€evading€arrest,€and€disorderly€conduct€beginning€in€December€of€1991€untilÏthe€present.€ÌÌà ` à€€€€à@ôô®àò òI.€€Trial€Judgeððs€Voir€Dire€CommentsˆÐ È(À!$ Ðó óà ` àThe€appellant€assigns€prejudicial€error€to€the€trial€judge€for€ð ðimpermissiblyÐ ¨* #& Ðinvading€the€province€of€the€juryðð€during€voir€dire€when€the€trial€judge€stated,ÌÓÓà8 ` àTo€you€12€that€are€seated€in€the€jury€box,€have€any€of€you€heard€orÏread€anything€at€all€about€this€case€allegedly€occurring€back€on€MarchÏ21,€1997,€involving€the€allegations€of€the€alleged€aggravatedÏkidnapping€of€Christine€Johnson,€and€attempted€escape€from€WilderÏYouth€Development€Center?€€òòIððm€also€confident€the€proof€will€showÐ (2 +. Ðthat€this€event€occurred€at€Wilder€Youth€Development€Center.€€óóSo,Ð 3,/ Ðhave€any€of€your€heard€or€read€anything€at€all€about€this€case?€€If€youÏhave,€raise€your€hand,€please.€[emphasis€added].Ð ` ü!` ü! ÐÐ è5à.2 ÐÓÓà ` àà@®®.®àˆÌà ` àWe€agree€with€the€Stateððs€assertion€that€this€issue€has€been€waived€on€threeÏgrounds.€€First,€defense€counsel€failed€to€state€a€contemporaneous€objection€at€trialÏwhich€constitutes€a€waiver€of€the€issue€in€the€absence€of€the€existence€of€plain€error.€ÏòòState€v.€Leachóó,€684€S.W.2d€655,€658€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1984),€òòperm.€to€appealÐ ˆ€ Ðdeniedóó,€(Tenn.€1985);€òòState€v.€Gregoryóó,€862€S.W.2d€574,€578€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð h`  Ð1993);€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€36(a).€€The€comment€referred€to€by€the€appellant€did€notÏconstitute€plain€error.€€Tenn.€R.€of€Crim.€P.€52(b);€òòState€v.€Adkissonóó,€899€S.W.2d€626Ð (  Ð(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1994).€€Second,€the€appellant€failed€to€raise€this€issue€in€hisÏmotion€for€a€new€trial.€€òòState€v.€Walkeróó,€910€S.W.2d€381,€386€(Tenn.€1995);€Tenn€R.Ð èà ÐApp.€P.€3(e).€€Finally,€the€appellant€failed€to€cite€to€the€record€in€his€brief€for€thisÏissue.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Ct.€Crim.€App.€R.€10(b).€€Thus,€for€all€of€the€stated€reasons,€theÐ ¨  Ðappellant€has€waived€this€issue.׃8×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ׀Рˆ€ ÐÌÌà@'®àò òII.€€SentencingˆÐ (#  Ðó óà ` àSecond,€the€appellant€avers€that€the€trial€court€erred€at€the€sentencingÐ %  Ðhearing€by€improperly€considering€a€letter€signed€by€sixty„seven€employees€ofÏWilder€Youth€Development€Center.€€Appellantððs€counsel€objected€to€the€introductionÏof€the€letter,€but€the€court€overruled€the€objection.€€Additionally,€the€appellantÏchallenges€the€trial€courtððs€application€of€the€ð ðexceptional€crueltyðð€enhancementÏfactor.€€ÌÌÐ (2 +. Ðà ` à€Review,€by€this€court,€of€the€length,€range,€or€manner€of€service€of€aÏsentence€is€òòde€novoóó€with€a€presumption€that€the€determination€made€by€the€trialÐ èà Ðcourt€is€correct.€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d)€(1990).€€This€presumption€onlyÏapplies,€however,€if€the€record€demonstrates€that€the€trial€court€properly€consideredÏrelevant€sentencing€principles.€€òòState€v.€Ashbyóó,€823€S.W.2d€166,€169€(Tenn.€1991).€Ð ˆ€ ÐIn€the€case€before€us,€the€trial€court€correctly€applied€sentencing€principles,€thus,€theÏpresumption€applies.€ÌÌà ` àIn€making€our€review,€this€court€must€consider€the€evidence€heard€at€trial€andÏat€sentencing,€the€presentence€report,€the€arguments€of€counsel,€the€nature€andÏcharacteristics€of€the€offense,€any€mitigating€and€enhancement€factors,€theÏdefendantððs€statements,€and€the€defendantððs€potential€for€rehabilitation.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€40„35„102,€„103(5),€„210(b)€(1990).€€The€burden€is€on€the€appellant€to€showÏthat€the€sentence€imposed€was€improper.€€Sentencing€Commission€Comments,ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„401(d).€€ÌÌà@<<%®àA.€€Employee€LetterˆÌà ` àThe€letter€stated€as€follows:ÌÓÓà8 ` àWe,€the€undersigned€employees€of€Wilder€Youth€Development€Center,Ïrespectfully€would€like€to€impress€upon€you€the€importance€of€the€caseÏpresently€pending€involving€the€attack€of€one€of€our€fellow€employee[s].€ÏWe€are€aware€that€our€job€comes€with€a€degree€of€danger.€€OurÏprimary€concern€at€this€point€is€that€the€accused€receiveÏconsequences€that€will€send€a€message€that€juvenile€acts€cannot€beÏtolerated€in€society€and€certainly€not€within€our€stateððs€juvenileÏfacilities.Ð ` ü!` ü! ÐÌ€€ÌÓÓà ` àThe€appellant€asserts€that€although€it€contains€a€semblance€of€victimððs€impactÏevidence,€the€letter€is€an€entreaty€for€the€court€to€consider€general€deterrence€andÏshould€not€have€been€allowed€into€evidence.€€The€trial€court€has€the€discretion€toÏadmit€or€exclude€evidence€and€that€ruling€will€not€be€overturned€by€this€court€unlessÏthe€trial€court€abused€its€discretion.€€òòState€v.€Davisóó,€872€S.W.2d€950,€955€(Tenn.Ð ¨9 26 ÐCrim.€App.),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1993).€€The€fact€that€the€trial€courtÐ  Ðpermitted€the€letter€to€be€filed€in€the€record€is€of€no€consequence,€unless€it€wasÏrelied€upon€by€the€court€in€the€sentencing€determination.€€In€this€regard,€the€recordÏdoes€not€support€the€appellantððs€claim€that€the€trial€court€considered€the€letter€inÏsentencing€the€appellant.€€This€issue€is€without€merit.ÌÌà@ss#®àB.€€Enhancement€FactorˆÌñhñÌñhñà ` àNext,€the€appellant€challenges€the€trial€courtððs€application€of€the€ð ðexceptionalÏcrueltyðð€enhancement€factor.€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(5).€€The€trial€courtÐ  Ðfound€that€three€enhancement€factors€and€no€mitigating€factors€were€present.€€OnÏappeal,€the€appellant€does€not€argue€that€any€mitigating€factors€should€have€beenÏapplied,€nor€do€we€find€upon€our€òòde€novoóó€review€any€applicable€to€this€case.€€òòSeeóóÐ ¨  ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„113.€€ÌÌà ` àSpecifically,€the€trial€court€found€that€the€appellant€was€a€leader€in€the€offenseÏinvolving€more€than€two€criminal€actors,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(2)€(1996ÏSupp.);€that€the€appellant€allowed€the€victim€to€be€treated€with€exceptional€cruelty,ÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(5)€(1996€Supp.);€and€that€as€a€juvenile,€the€appellantÏwas€adjudicated€delinquent€for€a€crime€that€would€be€a€felony€if€committed€as€anÏadult,€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(20)€(1996€Supp.).€€ÌÌà ` àIn€the€case€at€bar,€the€trial€court€sentenced€the€appellant€as€a€Range€IÏstandard€offender€to€ten€years€for€the€aggravated€kidnapping€under€subsectionÏ(a)(2)€for€interference€with€the€performance€of€a€governmental€function.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€39„13„304(a)(2)€(1996€Supp.).€€The€applicable€sentencing€range€for€a€ClassÏB€felony€as€a€Range€I€standard€offender€is€eight€to€twelve€years.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40„35„112(a)(2).€€Since€the€trial€court€found€no€mitigating€factors€and€threeÏenhancement€factors,€the€court€was€permitted€to€ð ðset€the€sentence€above€theÐ ¨9 26 Ðminimum€in€that€range€but€still€within€the€range.ðð€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„210(d)Ï(1996€Supp.).€€ÌÌà ` àThe€appellant€only€challenges€the€courtððs€application€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ððÏ40„35„114(5).€€Specifically,€he€argues€that€this€case€does€not€contain€the€egregiousÏfacts€or€injuries€necessary€for€this€enhancer€to€apply.€€We€agree.€€Initially,€we€noteÏthat€the€€trial€court€had€a€duty€to€state€on€the€record€the€circumstances€qualifying€asÏð ðexceptional€cruelty.ðð€€òòState€v.€Pooleóó,€945€S.W.2d€93,€98€(Tenn.€1997)€(citing€òòStateÐ (  Ðv.€Goodwinóó,€909€S.W.2d€35,€45€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995)).€€In€the€present€case,€theÐ  Ðrecord€does€not€reflect€whether€the€trial€court€made€any€findings€to€support€theÏapplication€of€this€factor.€€For€this€factor€to€be€appropriate,€the€record€must€reflectÏcruelty€ð ðover€and€aboveðð€that€inherently€attendant€to€the€crime€of€which€a€defendantÏis€convicted.€€òòState€v.€Embryóó,€915€S.W.2d€451,€456€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995),€òòperm.Ð ˆ€ Ðtoóó€òòappeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1996).€€ð ðExceptional€cruelty€is€usually€found€in€cases€ofÐ h` Ðabuse€or€torture.ðð€€òòState€v.€Williamsóó,€920€S.W.2d€247,€250€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð H!@ ÐÌà ` àAlthough€the€appellantððs€actions€are€reprehensible€and€subjected€the€victim€toÏindignities,€these€facts€do€not€establish€a€culpability€inherently€greater€than€thatÐ è&à" Ðrequired€to€sustain€a€conviction€for€aggravated€kidnapping.€€This€case€involved€noÏextended€length€of€torture,€no€weapons,€no€unusual€type€of€abuse,€norÏimprisonment€for€any€extensive€length€of€time.€€We€do€not€question€the€injuriesÏsuffered€by€the€victim,€however,€such€injuries€are€consistent€with€those€emanatingÏfrom€this€crime.€€Thus,€we€conclude€this€factor€was€misapplied.€€€Ìà ` àÌà ` àHowever,€upon€our€òòde€novoóó€review,€we€conclude€that€the€trial€court€properlyÐ H@  Ðapplied€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€40„35„114(2)€and€(20)€as€relevant€enhancement€factors.€€ÌNotwithstanding,€the€misapplication€of€the€ð ðexceptional€crueltyðð€enhancement€factor,Ïwe€conclude€a€mid„range€sentence€of€ten€years€is€justified€considering€theÏapplication€of€two€other€enhancement€factors€and€the€lack€of€mitigating€factors.€€TheÏtrial€court€is€given€the€discretion€to€determine€the€weight€given€to€the€enhancementÏfactors€derived€from€the€totality€of€the€circumstances€of€the€case.€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Mossóó,Ð ˆ€ Ð727€S.W.2d€229,€238€(Tenn.€1986);€òòState€v.€Boggsóó,€932€S.W.2d€467,€475€(Tenn.Ð h` ÐCrim.€App.),€òòperm.€to€appeal€deniedóó,€(Tenn.€1996).€€€Ð H!@ Ðà ` àÌà ` àAccordingly,€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.Ì€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€à ¸ àÐ è&à" ÐñpñÌñpñÌÓÓñkñà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àñkññlññkñ„„„„„„„„„„„„ñkññlññmñ____________________________________ñmñà (# àÐ ¨* #& Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àñiñ___ñiññjñ_________________________________ñjññnñÌà  àà  àà  àà  àà  àà  àñnñDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JudgeñoñÌÌñoññqñÌÌñqñÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌJOHN€H.€PEAY,€JudgeÌÌÌÌ___________________________________ÌL.€T.€LAFFERTY,€Senior€JudgeÔ#†X,òXX XÃ+N #Ô