ÿWPCÏ8 `¦íQHòW=.;=w;ÐQmò-ïcâx½¤ÎÝF‘ó£Ñ ^ÿ}F;ÊÄb$Ø}ít¥TëIsûÄ!·¨ozéù ansfU"——dÈ·0V-A¯.ß+pYKp®$æÿ‘:ˆIw‡Ì’,¶Þòõ®ò‡–id€ž‚;ÏRãuyÖù˜V.¯bm‹c8ÿæó„Gæñ4¢oÆ^RY# .Zð.Ø(Sm'K´î/;6Ï®Y ?ÉÄ(ÐèõÑjÅhSþFé|ëz©Ó yFŠ ¼õ¬Ç¸j}*†C)I¼þ—ØAÑ &Œ·J-9=„CD¥ážúœ…ešŽ½±:¢Ó˜æ·_ó>K·nëŸIäzÇŸ\3fÉ(-1 ¾Àv/èÕä¿ü÷÷²§Œ·7.'\«y.?#ÉÒ %› N¡ 0ˆ£ UN+ y ‰ zÒ’ zdÒÞN° 0D²ÆöƼÆ‚ÆHHN zÒŠN\\\ z^ÒØØEªN¬¬¬ z®Ò(Núúú züÒvNHHHH zJÒÄN–b˜˜˜ z ÒNììì zîÒh N:!:!:! zê:i¢×+003|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€YÅ»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÑ  ÑÑ  ÑÔ€¼YÅ»»»ÔÑ8€ñXXdì»»d8Ñà@ttìàÔ‡îQìYÅÔIN€THE€COURT€OF€CRIMINAL€APPEALS€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@WW$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEÔ#†¼YÅ»îîQì #ԈРÖ& ÐÓ  Óà @ àà @` àAssigned€on€Briefs€July€22,€2003Ð üL ÐÔ‡XñX»¼YÅÔÌò òÔ#†¼YÅ»XXñ#ÔSTEVEN€BERNARD€WLODARZ€v.€STATE€OF€TENNESSEEÔ‡XñX»¼YÅÔó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò ò€Appeal€from€the€Criminal€Court€for€Hawkins€CountyÐ ú J Ðà@@øøìàNo.€7772€€€€€€James€E.€Beckner,€JudgeÐ æ 6 ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<©` AßÐ ªú  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€E2002„02798„CCA„R3„PC€Ð ¥õ  ÐDecember€3,€Ô_Ô2003Ô_ÔÐ ‘á  ÐßA€V) °°` dE<|` AßÐ }Í  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThe€petitioner,€Steven€Bernard€Wlodarz,€appeals€the€Hawkins€County€Criminal€Courtððs€denial€ofÐ xÈ  Ðhis€petition€for€post-conviction€relief€from€his€guilty€pleas€to€first€degree€premeditated€murder,Ð d´ Ðattempted€first€degree€premeditated€murder,€two€counts€of€aggravated€assault,€and€one€count€ofÐ P  Ðmanufacturing€a€Schedule€VI€controlled€substance€and€resulting€sentence€of€life€without€parole.€€HeÐ <Œ Ðclaims€that€his€guilty€pleas€were€not€knowingly,€intelligently,€and€voluntarily€enteredÔ#†¼YÅ»XXñ#ÔÔ‡XñX»¼YÅÔ€because€(1)€hisÐ (x Ðtrial€counsel€coerced€him€into€pleading€guilty,€(2)€his€trial€counsel€failed€to€inform€him€of€importantÐ d Ðdefense€evidence€before€he€accepted€the€stateððs€plea€offer,€and€(3)€he€was€taking€medications€thatÐ P Ðmay€have€affected€his€ability€to€understand€his€pleas.€€In€addition,€he€contends€that€he€received€theÐ ì< Ðineffective€assistance€of€counsel€because€his€trial€attorneys€waived€one€of€his€preliminary€hearingsÐ Ø( Ðwithout€his€consent,€failed€to€file€a€motion€to€suppress€evidence,€and€failed€to€prepare€a€defense.€€Ô#†¼YÅ»XXñ#ÔÔ‡XñX»¼YÅÔWeÐ Ä Ðaffirm€the€trial€courtððs€denial€of€the€petition.Ô#†¼YÅ»XXñÍ #ÔÔ‡XñX»¼YÅÔÐ ° ÐÌò òÓ  ÓTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Criminal€Court€Affirmedó óÐ ˆØ ÐÓ‘ ÓÌòòÔ#†¼YÅ»àXñY #ÔÔ‡XñX.¼YÅÔJoseph€M.€Tipton,€J.óó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòGary€R.€Wade,€P.J.,óó€and€òòNormaÐ `° ÐMcGee€Ogle,€J.óó,€joined.Ð L œ ÐÌWayne€R.€Stambaugh,€Morristown,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Steven€Bernard€Wlodarz.Ð $"t! ÐÌPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Brent€C.€Cherry,€Assistant€Attorney€General;€C.Ð ü#L# ÐBerkeley€Bell,€Jr.,€District€Attorney€General;€and€John€Douglas€Godbee,€Assistant€District€AttorneyÐ è$8 $ ÐGeneral,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ð Ô%$!% Ðâ âÐ À&"&ý ÐÔ_ÔÔ& < Ôâ ââ ââ âà@66'ìàò òOPINIONó óÔ#†¼YÅ»XXñ: #ÔÔ‡XñX»¼YÅԈР° ÐÌòòóóÔ#†¼YÅ»XXñC#ÔÔ€XñX»¼YÅÔà  àThis€case€relates€to€the€petitionerððs€killing€Officer€Gerald€Gibson€of€the€Hawkins€CountyÐ ˆØ ÐSheriffððs€Department.€€Although€no€facts€were€presented€at€the€guilty€plea€hearing,׃×Ý ƒ #ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€the€recordÐ tÄ ÐÔ'< °× Ôreflects€that€on€July€13,€2000,€police€officers€were€dispatched€to€the€scene€of€a€home€burglary€onÐ `° ÐShort€Road€near€Rogersville,€Tennessee.€€When€they€arrived,€a€witness€gave€a€description€of€theÐ L œ Ðsuspect,€which€matched€the€petitioner.€€Officers€went€to€the€petitionerððs€home€and€confronted€him,Ð 8 ˆ Ðand€the€petitioner€pulled€out€a€shotgun€and€ordered€the€officers€off€his€property.€€The€officers€left€theÐ $ t Ðscene;€obtained€arrest€warrants€against€the€petitioner€for€attempted€aggravated€burglary,€€vandalism,Ð  ` Ðand€two€counts€of€aggravated€assault;€and€returned€to€the€petitionerððs€home.€€The€petitionerÐ ü L  Ðbarricaded€himself€inside,€and€a€tactical€unit€was€called.€€After€several€hours,€the€unit€tried€to€forceÐ è 8  Ðthe€petitioner€out€of€his€house€by€shooting€tear€gas€canisters€into€it.€€During€the€melee,€the€victim€wasÐ Ô$  Ðshot€once€in€the€head.€€Ð À  ÐÌà  àPursuant€to€a€plea€agreement,€the€petitioner€pled€guilty€on€September€18,€2001,€to€first€degreeÐ ˜è  Ðpremeditated€murder;€attempted€first€degree€premeditated€murder,€a€Class€A€felony;€two€counts€ofÐ „Ô  Ðaggravated€assault,€a€Class€C€felony;€and€one€count€of€manufacturing€a€Schedule€VI€controlledÐ pÀ Ðsubstance,€a€Class€C€felony.€€The€trial€court€sentenced€him€as€a€Range€I,€standard€offender€toÐ \¬ Ðconcurrent€sentences€of€life€without€parole€for€the€murder€conviction,€twenty„five€years€for€theÐ H˜ Ðattempted€murder€conviction,€six€years€for€each€aggravated€assault€conviction,€and€six€years€for€theÐ 4„ Ðmanufacturing€a€Schedule€VI€controlled€substance€conviction.€Ð  p ÐÌà  àAt€the€post„conviction€evidentiary€hearing,€the€petitioner€testified€that€on€the€day€of€theÐ øH Ðoffenses,€he€began€drinking€shortly€after€daylight€and€drank€one„half€a€bottle€of€whiskey.€€He€saidÐ ä4 Ðthe€police€had€no€probable€cause€to€suspect€a€burglary€had€been€committed€when€they€came€to€hisÐ Ð  Ðhome€on€July€13,€2000.€€He€said€that€when€police€officers€first€arrived€at€his€house,€they€did€not€haveÐ ¼  Ðan€arrest€warrant€and€did€not€tell€him€why€they€were€there.€€He€said€that€the€day€after€the€offenses,Ð ¨ø Ðthe€police€obtained€a€search€warrant€for€his€house.€€He€said€that€during€a€preliminary€hearing€for€hisÐ ”ä Ðburglary,€assault,€and€vandalism€charges,€officers€made€statements€that€contradicted€the€affidavit€thatÐ €Ð Ðhad€been€filed€to€obtain€the€search€warrant.€Ð l¼ ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€testified€that€he€was€charged€with€capital€murder€and€that€two€attorneys€wereÐ D!” Ðappointed€to€represent€him.€€He€said€that€he€met€with€his€lead€trial€attorney€ten€to€twenty€times€andÐ 0"€  Ðthat€some€meetings€lasted€more€than€one€hour.€€He€acknowledged€that€his€lead€attorney€went€overÐ #l! Ðthe€charges€and€the€elements€of€the€offenses€with€him.€€He€said€he€was€evaluated€by€a€psychologistÐ $X" Ðand€was€found€to€be€competent€to€stand€trial.€€He€said€that€his€lead€attorney€told€him€he€had€noÐ ô$D # Ðdefense€and€that€he€would€face€the€death€penalty€if€he€did€not€accept€the€stateððs€plea€offer.€€He€saidÐ à%0!$ Ðthe€fact€that€he€drank€alcohol€on€the€day€of€the€offenses€should€have€been€considered€by€his€attorneysÐ Ì&"% Ðand€that€his€lead€attorney€told€him€intoxication€was€not€a€defense.€€He€said€that€he€had€other€defensesÐ ° Ðsuch€as€self„defense€but€that€he€and€his€attorneys€did€not€discuss€them.€€He€acknowledged€that€he€andÐ œì Ðhis€lead€attorney€talked€about€bullet€fragments€that€were€recovered€from€the€victim€and€that€hisÐ ˆØ Ðattorneys€had€the€bullet€fragments€tested.€Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àThe€petitioner€testified€that€his€lead€trial€attorney€told€him€that€most€people€on€death€row€ð ðgoÐ L œ Ðnuts€because€they€are€isolated€and€they€have€no€relationship€with€anyone€outside.ðð€€He€said€his€leadÐ 8 ˆ Ðattorney€told€him€that€if€he€accepted€the€stateððs€plea€offer,€he€could€continue€to€visit€with€his€family.€Ð $ t ÐHe€said€that€a€few€days€before€he€accepted€the€stateððs€offer,€his€lead€attorney€told€him€that€he€neededÐ  ` Ðto€telephone€his€ex„wife€and€children.€€He€said€that€his€lead€attorney€had€his€ex„wife€advise€him€toÐ ü L  Ðplead€guilty€and€also€had€Roz€Andrews,€a€mitigation€consultant,€talk€to€him€and€convince€him€toÐ è 8  Ðaccept€the€stateððs€offer.€€He€said€that€he€was€prescribed€Paxil€and€Depokote€in€jail,€that€he€took€theÐ Ô$  Ðdrugs€from€July€to€November€2001,€and€that€the€medications€may€have€affected€his€judgment.Ð À  ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€the€then€fifty„year„old€petitioner€testified€that€he€had€a€high€schoolÐ ˜è  Ðdiploma.€€He€said€that€on€the€day€of€the€offenses,€he€did€not€aim€before€he€fired€his€gun€and€that€heÐ „Ô  Ðonly€fired€ð ðback„offðð€shots€in€response€to€two€shots€that€had€been€fired€at€him.€€He€acknowledgedÐ pÀ Ðthat€the€trial€court€asked€him€a€series€of€questions€at€the€guilty€plea€hearing€and€that€the€court€askedÐ \¬ Ðhim€if€he€was€under€the€influence€of€anything€that€might€affect€his€understanding€of€the€hearing.€€HeÐ H˜ Ðsaid€that€if€he€had€not€answered€the€trial€courtððs€questions€appropriately,€the€court€would€not€haveÐ 4„ Ðaccepted€his€pleas€and€he€would€have€faced€the€death€penalty.Ð  p ÐÌà  àThe€petitionerððs€lead€trial€attorney€testified€that€he€had€been€practicing€law€since€1977.€€HeÐ øH Ðsaid€that€after€he€was€appointed€to€represent€the€petitioner,€he€assembled€a€defense€team€thatÐ ä4 Ðincluded€another€appointed€attorney,€an€investigator,€a€psychologist,€a€mitigation€consultant€firm,Ð Ð  Ðand€a€jury€consultant.€€He€said€that€he€represented€the€petitioner€at€the€preliminary€hearing€on€theÐ ¼  Ðattempted€burglary€and€vandalism€charges.€€He€said€that€after€the€hearing,€the€state€filed€additionalÐ ¨ø Ðcharges€against€the€petitioner.€€He€said€that€a€few€days€after€the€shooting,€his€investigator€visited€theÐ ”ä Ðcrime€scene.€€He€said€he€also€went€to€the€crime€scene€ten€to€twenty€times.€€He€said€that€the€defenseÐ €Ð Ðobjected€to€everything€the€state€presented€and€that€hearings€were€held.€€He€said€he€went€over€theÐ l¼ Ðcharges€and€the€stateððs€plea€offer€with€the€petitioner.€€He€said€he€did€not€coerce€the€petitioner€intoÐ X ¨ Ðpleading€guilty.Ð D!” ÐÌà  àOn€cross„examination,€the€petitionerððs€lead€attorney€testified€that€he€was€handling€many€otherÐ #l! Ðcases€while€he€was€representing€the€petitioner.€€He€said€that€at€the€preliminary€hearing,€officersÐ $X" Ðtestified€that€they€went€to€the€petitionerððs€house€with€an€arrest€warrant.€€He€said€that€he€and€hisÐ ô$D # Ðdefense€team€met€with€the€petitioner€many€times€and€that€in€order€to€defend€the€case,€he€was€goingÐ à%0!$ Ðto€stress€to€the€jury€that€the€police€officersðð€actions€drove€the€petitioner€to€shoot€the€victim.€€He€saidÐ Ì&"% Ðthat€according€to€state€witnesses,€two€shots€were€fired€from€a€window€in€the€petitionerððs€home€andÐ ¸'#& Ðone€of€them€struck€the€victim€as€the€victim€peeked€around€the€corner€of€a€shed€in€the€petitionerððsÐ ¤(ô#' Ðyard.€€He€said€that€bullet€fragments€found€in€the€victim€were€tested,€that€the€fragments€did€not€matchÐ )à$( Ðthe€petitionerððs€gun€ð ðperfectly,ðð€and€that€he€could€have€cross„examined€state€witnesses€extensivelyÐ |*Ì%) Ðabout€that.€€He€said€the€fragments€matched€another€gun€found€in€the€petitionerððs€house€that€was€notÐ h+¸&* Ðfired€by€the€petitioner.€€He€said€that€he€received€some€of€the€tests€results€before€the€petitioner€pledÐ ° Ðguilty€and€that€he€may€have€received€one€set€of€results€after€the€petitionerððs€guilty€plea€hearing.Ð œì ÐÌà  àThe€petitionerððs€lead€attorney€testified€that€the€petitioner€told€him€the€petitioner€had€beenÐ tÄ Ðdrinking€on€the€day€of€the€offenses.€€He€said,€though,€that€the€petitioner€made€statements€whichÐ `° Ðindicated€the€petitioner€had€not€been€intoxicated.€€He€said€that€he€told€the€petitioner€intoxication€wasÐ L œ Ðnot€a€defense€but€that€it€could€negate€the€mental€state€required€for€the€crime.€€He€said€that€he€wasÐ 8 ˆ Ðpreparing€for€trial€when€the€petitioner€pled€guilty€and€that€the€petitionerððs€defense€was€going€to€focusÐ $ t Ðon€the€policeððs€actions€and€the€petitionerððs€psychological€background.€€He€said€that€such€a€defenseÐ  ` Ðwould€have€been€difficult€but€that€the€petitioner€may€have€been€acquitted€with€luck.€€He€said€that€theÐ ü L  Ðpetitioner€had€an€I.Q.€of€107€and€was€bright€at€times€and€depressed€at€times.€€He€said€the€petitionerÐ è 8  Ðwanted€to€talk€to€the€petitionerððs€family€and€Roz€Andrews€about€the€stateððs€plea€offer.€€He€said€thatÐ Ô$  Ðno€one€told€the€petitioner€he€had€no€defense€and€that€the€petitioner€decided€to€plead€guilty.€€Ð À  ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€determined€that€the€petitionerððs€trial€attorneys€developed€defenses€and€theoriesÐ ˜è  Ðof€the€case,€filed€every€conceivable€motion,€considered€all€of€the€evidence,€investigated€the€case,€andÐ „Ô  Ðdid€everything€that€could€be€expected€for€the€petitioner.€€It€stated€that€the€petitioner€discussed€theÐ pÀ Ðstateððs€plea€offer€with€his€family€and€a€mitigation€consultant€and€that€he€decided€to€plead€guilty€inÐ \¬ Ðorder€to€avoid€the€death€penalty.€€The€trial€court€noted€that€the€petitionerððs€guilty€plea€hearingÐ H˜ Ðtranscript€spans€twenty„one€pages,€is€thorough,€and€shows€that€the€petitioner€was€alert,€sober,Ð 4„ Ðarticulate,€and€understood€what€he€was€doing€when€he€pled€guilty.€€The€trial€court€also€noted€that€theÐ  p Ðpetitioner€stated€at€the€guilty€plea€hearing€that€he€was€not€forced€or€coerced€to€plead€guilty€and€thatÐ  \ Ðhe€was€satisfied€with€his€attorneys.€€The€trial€court€stated€that€the€evidence€against€the€petitioner€hadÐ øH Ðbeen€overwhelming€and€that€a€jury€probably€would€have€imposed€the€death€penalty.€€The€trial€courtÐ ä4 Ðheld€that€his€guilty€pleas€were€knowingly,€intelligently,€and€voluntarily€entered€and€that€the€petitionerÐ Ð  Ðdid€not€receive€the€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel.Ð ¼  ÐÌà  àInitially€we€note€that€the€petitioner€and€his€counsel€have€submitted€as€a€supplement€to€hisÐ ”ä Ðbrief€the€petitionerððs€personal€rendition€of€the€events€surrounding€the€shooting,€the€policeððs€conduct,Ð €Ð Ðand€his€trial€attorneysðð€deficiencies.€€The€supplement€also€contains€the€petitionerððs€assertionsÐ l¼ Ðregarding€his€post„conviction€counselððs€deficiencies.€€Documents€and€photographs€are€attached.€Ð X ¨ ÐHowever,€we€are€limited€to€the€facts€as€they€were€developed€in€the€trial€court,€their€first€assertionÐ D!” Ðupon€appeal€being€futile.€€As€for€the€complaints€about€post„conviction€counsel€and€the€lack€of€aÐ 0"€  Ðcontinuance€to€prepare€for€the€hearing,€the€record€is€insufficient€to€warrant€any€action€by€us€onÐ #l! Ðappeal.Ð $X" ÐÌò òÓ  ÓI.€€KNOWING,€INTELLIGENT,€AND€VOLUNTARY€PLEASÐ à%0!$ Ðó óÓý>Óà  àÌà  àThe€petitioner€contends€that€his€guilty€pleas€were€not€knowingly,€intelligently,€and€voluntarilyÐ ¸'#& Ðentered€because€his€attorneys€coerced€him€into€pleading€guilty€by€telling€him€that€life€on€death€rowÐ ¤(ô#' Ðwould€be€harsh€and€by€having€his€family€and€a€mitigation€consultant€convince€him€to€accept€theÐ )à$( Ðstateððs€plea€offer.€€In€addition,€he€contends€that€his€pleas€were€not€knowingly€and€voluntarily€enteredÐ |*Ì%) Ðbecause€his€attorneys€did€not€tell€him€about€the€bullet€fragment€test€results€before€he€accepted€theÐ h+¸&* Ðstateððs€offer.€€Finally,€he€contends€that€his€pleas€were€not€knowingly,€intelligently,€and€voluntarilyÐ ° Ðentered€because€he€was€taking€medications€at€the€time€of€the€plea€hearing€that€may€have€affected€hisÐ œì Ðability€to€understand€what€he€was€doing.€€The€state€claims€that€the€petitioner€knowingly,€intelligently,Ð ˆØ Ðand€voluntarily€entered€his€pleas.€€We€agree€with€the€state.Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àIn€order€for€a€conviction€based€upon€a€guilty€plea€to€comport€with€due€process,€the€plea€mustÐ L œ Ðbe€voluntarily,€knowingly,€and€understandingly€entered.€€òòBoykin€v.€Alabamaóó,€395€U.S.€238,€242-44,Ð 8 ˆ Ð89€S.€Ct.€1709,€1712€(1969).€€A€guilty€plea€is€not€voluntary€ð ðif€it€is€the€product€of€ðð[i]gnorance,Ð $ t Ðincomprehension,€coercion,€terror,€inducements,€[or]€subtle€or€blatant€threats€.€.€.€.ðð€€òòBlankenship€v.Ð  ` ÐStateóó,€858€S.W.2d€897,€904€(Tenn.€1993)€(quoting€òòBoykinóó,€395€U.S.€at€242-43,€89€S.€Ct.€at€1712).Ð ü L  ÐThe€standard€for€assessing€the€validity€of€a€guilty€plea€is€ð ðððwhether€the€plea€represents€a€voluntaryÐ è 8  Ðand€intelligent€choice€among€the€alternative€courses€of€action€open€to€the€defendant.ðððð€€òòId.óó€(quotingÐ Ô$  ÐòòNorth€Carolina€v.€Alfordóó,€400€U.S.€25,€31,€91€S.€Ct.€160,€164€(1970)).€€ð ð[T]he€record€of€acceptanceÐ À  Ðof€a€defendantððs€plea€of€guilty€must€affirmatively€demonstrate€that€his€decision€was€both€voluntaryÐ ¬ü  Ðand€knowledgeable,€i.e.,€that€he€has€been€made€aware€of€the€significant€consequences€of€such€a€plea;Ð ˜è  Ðotherwise,€it€will€not€amount€to€an€ððintentional€abandonment€of€a€known€right.ðððð€€òòMackeyóó,€553Ð „Ô  ÐS.W.2d€337,€340€(Tenn.€1977).€€To€assess€whether€a€petitioner€entered€a€knowing,€voluntary,€andÐ pÀ Ðintelligent€guilty€plea,€this€court€must€consider€the€totality€of€the€circumstances.€€òòState€v.€Turneróó,€919Ð \¬ ÐS.W.2d€346,€353€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€1995).à À àÐ H˜ ÐÌà  àIn€this€case,€the€petitionerððs€lead€trial€attorney€testified€that€he€had€developed€a€defense,€thatÐ  p Ðthis€would€have€been€a€difficult€case€to€win,€that€the€petitioner€decided€to€accept€the€stateððs€plea€offerÐ  \ Ðafter€speaking€with€his€family€and€a€mitigation€consultant,€and€that€no€one€coerced€the€petitioner.€Ð øH ÐThe€trial€court€accredited€the€attorneyððs€testimony€and€held€that€the€petitioner€was€motivated€to€pleadÐ ä4 Ðguilty€by€his€desire€to€avoid€the€death€penalty.€€We€note€that€the€petitioner€testified€that€heÐ Ð  Ðappropriately€answered€the€trial€courtððs€questions€at€the€guilty€plea€hearing€in€order€for€the€trial€courtÐ ¼  Ðto€accept€his€guilty€pleas€and€allow€him€to€avoid€the€death€penalty.€€This€supports€the€trial€courtððsÐ ¨ø Ðconcluding€that€the€petitioner€decided€to€plead€guilty€in€order€to€receive€a€lesser€punishment.€€Ð ”ä ÐÌà  àAs€to€the€petitionerððs€claim€that€medication€affected€his€ability€to€understand€his€pleas,€theÐ l¼ Ðtrial€court€determined€that€the€guilty€plea€hearing€transcript€demonstrated€otherwise.€€Our€review€ofÐ X ¨ Ðthe€guilty€plea€hearing€shows€that€the€trial€court€questioned€the€petitioner€extensively€and€that€theÐ D!” Ðpetitioner€answered€yes€and€no€at€the€appropriate€times.€€In€addition,€the€trial€court€asked€theÐ 0"€  Ðpetitioner€if€he€had€any€physical€or€mental€conditions€that€would€prevent€him€from€understandingÐ #l! Ðthe€hearing,€and€the€petitioner€answered,€ð ðNo,€your€Honor.ðð€€Regarding€the€petitionerððs€claim€thatÐ $X" Ðhis€pleas€were€not€knowingly€and€voluntarily€entered€because€his€attorneys€did€not€tell€him€about€theÐ ô$D # Ðbullet€fragment€test€results,€we€note€that€the€petitionerððs€attorney€only€testified€that€the€bulletÐ à%0!$ Ðfragments€did€not€match€the€petitionerððs€gun€ð ðperfectly.ðð€€The€attorney€also€stated€that€state€witnessesÐ Ì&"% Ðwere€prepared€to€testify€that€two€shots€were€fired€from€a€window€in€the€petitionerððs€house€and€thatÐ ¸'#& Ðone€of€the€shots€hit€the€victim.€€Moreover,€the€petitioner€has€presented€no€scientific€evidence€to€showÐ ¤(ô#' Ðthat€the€bullet€fragments€recovered€from€the€victim€did€not€come€from€the€petitionerððs€weapon.€€TheÐ )à$( Ðâ âtrial€court€held€that€the€evidence€against€the€petitioner€had€been€overwhelming.€€We€conclude€thatÐ |*Ì%) Ðthe€petitioner€has€failed€to€show€that€he€did€not€knowingly,€intelligently,€and€voluntarily€enter€hisÐ ° Ðguilty€pleas.Ð œì Ðâ âÌò òÓ  ÓII.€€INEFFECTIVE€ASSISTANCE€OF€COUNSELó óÐ tÄ ÐÓ/UÓÌà  àThe€petitioner€contends€that€he€received€the€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€because€his€trialÐ L œ Ðcounsel€waived€the€preliminary€hearing€for€his€murder,€attempted€murder,€and€manufacturingÐ 8 ˆ Ðcharges€without€his€consent;€failed€to€file€a€motion€to€suppress€evidence€that€was€obtained€pursuantÐ $ t Ðto€an€illegal€search€warrant;€and€failed€to€prepare€a€defense.€€The€state€claims€that€the€petitionerÐ  ` Ðreceived€the€effective€assistance€of€counsel.€€We€agree€with€the€state.Ð ü L  ÐÌà  àUnder€the€Sixth€Amendment,€when€a€claim€of€ineffective€assistance€of€counsel€is€made,€theÐ Ô$  Ðburden€is€on€the€petitioner€to€show€(1)€that€counselððs€performance€was€deficient€and€(2)€that€theÐ À  Ðdeficiency€was€prejudicial€in€terms€of€rendering€a€reasonable€probability€that€the€result€of€the€trialÐ ¬ü  Ðwas€unreliable€or€the€proceedings€fundamentally€unfair.€€òòStrickland€v.€Washingtonóó,€466€U.S.€668,Ð ˜è  Ð687,€104€S.€Ct.€2052,€2064€(1984);€òòseeóó€òòLockhart€v.€Fretwellóó,€506€U.S.€364,€368-72,€113€S.€Ct.€838,Ð „Ô  Ð842-44€(1993).€€The€òòStricklandóó€standard€has€been€applied€to€the€right€to€counsel€under€article€I,Ð pÀ Ðsection€9€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution.€€òòState€v.€Melsonóó,€772€S.W.2d€417,€419€n.2€(Tenn.€1989).Ð \¬ ÐÌà  àIn€òòBaxter€v.€Roseóó,€523€S.W.2d€930,€936€(Tenn.€1975),€our€supreme€court€decided€thatÐ 4„ Ðattorneys€should€be€held€to€the€general€standard€of€whether€the€services€rendered€were€within€theÐ  p Ðrange€of€competence€demanded€of€attorneys€in€criminal€cases.€€Further,€the€court€stated€that€the€rangeÐ  \ Ðof€competence€was€to€be€measured€by€the€duties€and€criteria€set€forth€in€òòBeasley€v.€United€Statesóó,Ð øH Ð491€F.2d€687,€696€(6th€Cir.€1974),€and€òòUnited€States€v.€DeCosteróó,€487€F.2d€1197,€1202-04€(D.C.€Cir.Ð ä4 Ð1973).€€Also,€in€reviewing€counselððs€conduct,€a€ð ðfair€assessment€of€attorney€performance€requiresÐ Ð  Ðthat€every€effort€be€made€to€eliminate€the€distorting€effects€of€hindsight,€to€reconstruct€theÐ ¼  Ðcircumstances€of€counselððs€challenged€conduct,€and€to€evaluate€the€conduct€from€counselððsÐ ¨ø Ðperspective€at€the€time.ðð€€òòStricklandóó,€466€U.S.€at€689,€104€S.€Ct.€at€2065;€òòseeóó€òòHellard€v.€Stateóó,€629Ð ”ä ÐS.W.2d€4,€9€(Tenn.€1982).€€Thus,€the€fact€that€a€particular€strategy€or€tactic€failed€or€even€hurt€theÐ €Ð Ðdefense€does€not,€alone,€support€a€claim€of€ineffective€assistance.€€Deference€is€made€to€trial€strategyÐ l¼ Ðor€tactical€choices€if€they€are€informed€ones€based€upon€adequate€preparation.€€òòSeeóó€òòHellardóó,€629Ð X ¨ ÐS.W.2d€at€9;€òòDeCosteróó,€487€F.2d€at€1201.Ð D!” ÐÌà  àThe€burden€is€on€the€petitioner€to€prove€his€grounds€for€relief€by€clear€and€convincingÐ #l! Ðevidence.€€T.C.A.€ðð€40-30-210(f).€€On€appeal,€we€are€bound€by€the€trial€courtððs€findings€of€factÐ $X" Ðunless€we€conclude€that€the€evidence€in€the€record€preponderates€against€those€findings.€€òòFields€v.Ð ô$D # ÐStateóó,€40€S.W.3d€450,€456€(Tenn.€2001).€€Because€they€relate€to€mixed€questions€of€law€and€fact,€weÐ à%0!$ Ðreview€the€trial€courtððs€conclusions€as€to€whether€counselððs€performance€was€deficient€and€whetherÐ Ì&"% Ðthat€deficiency€was€prejudicial€under€a€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€standard€with€no€presumption€of€correctness.€€òòId.óó€atÐ ¸'#& Ð457.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌà  àRegarding€the€petitionerððs€claim€that€his€attorneys€were€ineffective€for€waiving€theÐ |*Ì%) Ðpetitionerððs€preliminary€hearing€on€the€murder,€attempted€murder,€and€manufacturing€a€controlledÐ h+¸&* Ðsubstance€charges,€we€note€that€the€petitioner€never€questioned€his€lead€attorney€at€the€evidentiaryÐ ° Ðhearing€about€why€the€attorney€waived€the€preliminary€hearing.€€In€any€event,€the€petitioner€hasÐ œì Ðpresented€no€evidence€that€waiving€the€preliminary€hearing€changed€the€outcome€of€his€case.€€As€toÐ ˆØ Ðhis€claim€that€his€attorneys€failed€to€develop€a€defense,€the€trial€court€accredited€the€petitionerððs€leadÐ tÄ Ðtrial€counsel,€who€testified€that€he€thoroughly€investigated€the€petitionerððs€case€and€planned€to€useÐ `° Ðthe€policeððs€actions€and€the€petitionerððs€mental€condition€as€a€defense.€€Finally,€as€to€the€petitionerððsÐ L œ Ðclaim€that€his€attorneys€were€ineffective€for€failing€to€file€a€motion€to€suppress€evidence€that€wasÐ 8 ˆ Ðobtained€as€a€result€of€an€illegal€search€warrant,€this€court€has€stated€that€if€arguable€grounds€existÐ $ t Ðto€suppress€incriminating€evidence,€then€an€attorney,€as€a€zealous€advocate€for€the€client,€shouldÐ  ` Ðmove€to€suppress€that€evidence.€€òòSeeóó€òòRobert€C.€Bellafant€v.€Stateóó,€No.€01C01„9705„CC„00183,Ð ü L  ÐMaury€County,€slip€op.€at€10€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€May€15,€1998).€€However,€the€petitioner€hasÐ è 8  Ðpresented€no€proof€that€any€search€warrant€was€invalid€and,€therefore,€that€any€evidence€collectedÐ Ô$  Ðwas€inadmissible.€€As€a€result,€he€has€failed€to€show€that€his€attorneys€rendered€deficientÐ À  Ðperformance€for€failing€to€file€a€motion€to€suppress€or€that€he€was€prejudiced€by€any€deficiency.€Ð ¬ü  ÐThus,€he€is€not€entitled€to€relief.Ð ˜è  ÐÌà  àBased€upon€the€foregoing€and€the€record€as€a€whole,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.Ð pÀ ÐÌÌ€Ìà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à____________________________________Ð  p Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJOSEPH€M.€TIPTON,€JUDGE