WPC9 x@ڥQ}̧{9 .fw&]c驶z/H\`̆DžL2";3)>v+C+9J=#rB7jkZ-YIըпY\3YаJU&)j<[dnB'PQ%PWҰ}jmmwץ+q5|a-ZWچ +i[Ï/3:IW^ʹY(_D%rYxm(j9'qVVaFuO"mx ǩM-YfߜyZ3!0r؍Q ] yv'__a5-z-ےwyhvմnkφߡ #vo/֙_?#Z5 h<&8u*$: 1ZC!^ܿhsZ ʨ\A_smXoHXB6'9# UN) %w 0}w@4Thzw 0 0D UF U FV z UF\IdU FUF9 1m 0cUF5 =IHUFw UFIUFW! B!z!UF4%z%%UFh( (E) +UF -EO-UF//UF23 AQ516 0D6 0D;7 0D7 D/7 B78 D39U:E9HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLh(9 Z 6Times New Roman RegularX(os$X XXX X    fg -hijmnopӀzօ#%P 3|xz p  $Xb$XXXX   `   3    Wedonotimplythataggravatedrapewasastrictliability   offenseunderthe1979Act.Rather,theoffenseofaggravatedrapewasa generalintentcrime,forwhichaculpablementalstatewasnecessary,buteasilyinferablefromtheconductwhichcomprisestheoffense.SeeMorissettev.UnitedStates,342U.S.246,251  X 52,72S.Ct.240,244,96L.Ed.288,294(1952);Waldenv.State, . 178Tenn.71,77,156S.W.2d385,387(1941)( Inthecrimeofrapenointentisrequisiteotherthanthatevidencedbythedoingoftheactsconstitutingtheoffense.);Cherryv.State,539S.W.2d < 51,54(Tenn.Crim.App.1976).((3$ s!XXXX X      `   0  (#$  0  4.Courier New Regular<4 9Z .Courier New Regular p  $Xb$XXXX   `   3    Wedonotimplythataggravatedrapewasastrictliability   offenseunderthe1979Act.Rather,theoffenseofaggravatedrapewasa generalintentcrime,forwhichaculpablementalstatewasnecessary,buteasilyinferablefromtheconductwhichcomprisestheoffense.SeeMorissettev.UnitedStates,342U.S.246,251  X 52,72S.Ct.240,244,96L.Ed.288,294(1952);Waldenv.State, . 178Tenn.71,77,156S.W.2d385,387(1941)( Inthecrimeofrapenointentisrequisiteotherthanthatevidencedbythedoingoftheactsconstitutingtheoffense.);Cherryv.State,539S.W.2d < 51,54(Tenn.Crim.App.1976).< 9Z .Courier New Regular ?  $Xb$XXXX   `   2    TennesseeCodeAnnotated 40 13202(1990)providesthatan   indictmentmust:8 ` statethefactsconstitutingtheoffenseinordinaryandconciselanguage,withoutprolixityorrepetition,insuchamannerastoenableapersonofcommonunderstandingtoknowwhatisintended,andwiththatdegreeofcertaintywhichwillenablethecourt,onconviction,topronouncetheproperjudgment....<4 9Z .Courier New Regular<4 9Z .Courier New Regular   $Xb$XXXX   `   4    Additionally,inhisapplicationforpermissiontoappealto   thisCourt,theappellantcontendsforthefirsttimethatthetrialcourtfailedtocomplywithTenn.R.Crim.P.37(e),whichrequiresthecourttoadviseadefendantofhisrighttoappealortoappointcounselforrepresentationonappeal,ifthedefendantisindigent.Thelowercourtshavehadnoopportunitytoaddressthisquestion,andnorecordhasbeendevelopedonit.Inanyevent,becauseweareresolvingthedelayedappealissueunderTenn.R.App.P.4(a),weneednotaddressRule37(e). #5e37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)(;3$25e  0  .3  0  <4 9Z .Courier New Regular   $Xb$XXXX   `   1    Duetotheageofthevictimandthenatureoftheoffense,   weidentifythevictimbyinitialonly. ?  $Xb$XXXX   `   2    TennesseeCodeAnnotated 40 13202(1990)providesthatan   indictmentmust:8 ` statethefactsconstitutingtheoffenseinordinaryandconciselanguage,withoutprolixityorrepetition,insuchamannerastoenableapersonofcommonunderstandingtoknowwhatisintended,andwiththatdegreeofcertaintywhichwillenablethecourt,onconviction,topronouncetheproperjudgment....   $ Xb$XXXX   `   4    Additionally,inhisapplicationforpermissiontoappealto   thisCourt,theappellantcontendsforthefirsttimethatthetrialcourtfailedtocomplywithTenn.R.Crim.P.37(e),whichrequiresthecourttoadviseadefendantofhisrighttoappealortoappointcounselforrepresentationonappeal,ifthedefendantisindigent.Thelowercourtshavehadnoopportunitytoaddressthisquestion,andnorecordhasbeendevelopedonit.Inanyevent,becauseweareresolvingthedelayedappealissueunderTenn.R.App.P.4(a),weneednotaddressRule37(e). <4 9Z .Courier New Regular   $Xb$XXXX   `   1    Duetotheageofthevictimandthenatureoftheoffense,   weidentifythevictimbyinitialonly.<4 9Z .Courier New Regular ?  $Xb$XXXX   `   2    TennesseeCodeAnnotated 40 13202(1990)providesthatan   indictmentmust:8 ` statethefactsconstitutingtheoffenseinordinaryandconciselanguage,withoutprolixityorrepetition,insuchamannerastoenableapersonofcommonunderstandingtoknowwhatisintended,andwiththatdegreeofcertaintywhichwillenablethecourt,onconviction,topronouncetheproperjudgment....<4 9Z .Courier New Regular d p  $"Xb$XXXX   `   3    Wedonotimplythataggravatedrapewasastrictliability   offenseunderthe1979Act.Rather,theoffenseofaggravatedrapewasa generalintentcrime,forwhichaculpablementalstatewasnecessary,buteasilyinferablefromtheconductwhichcomprisestheoffense.SeeMorissettev.UnitedStates,342U.S.246,251  X 52,72S.Ct.240,244,96L.Ed.288,294(1952);Waldenv.State, . 178Tenn.71,77,156S.W.2d385,387(1941)( Inthecrimeofrapenointentisrequisiteotherthanthatevidencedbythedoingoftheactsconstitutingtheoffense.);Cherryv.State,539S.W.2d < 51,54(Tenn.Crim.App.1976).<4 9Z .Courier New Regular   $%Xb$XXXX   `   4    Additionally,inhisapplicationforpermissiontoappealto   thisCourt,theappellantcontendsforthefirsttimethatthetrialcourtfailedtocomplywithTenn.R.Crim.P.37(e),whichrequiresthecourttoadviseadefendantofhisrighttoappealortoappointcounselforrepresentationonappeal,ifthedefendantisindigent.Thelowercourtshavehadnoopportunitytoaddressthisquestion,andnorecordhasbeendevelopedonit.Inanyevent,becauseweareresolvingthedelayedappealissueunderTenn.R.App.P.4(a),weneednotaddressRule37(e). <4 9Z .Courier New Regular   $XXXXX   `   1    Duetotheageofthevictimandthenatureoftheoffense,   weidentifythevictimbyinitialonly. ;  $XXXXX   `   2    TennesseeCodeAnnotated4013202(1990)providesthatan   indictmentmust:8 ` statethefactsconstitutingtheoffenseinordinaryandconciselanguage,withoutprolixityorrepetition,insuchamannerastoenableapersonofcommonunderstandingtoknowwhatisintended,andwiththatdegreeofcertaintywhichwillenablethecourt,onconviction,topronouncetheproperjudgment;....   $)XXXXX   `   1    Duetotheageofthevictimandthenatureoftheoffense,   weidentifythevictimbyinitialonly.<4 9Z .Courier New Regular ;  $+XXXXX   `   2    TennesseeCodeAnnotated4013202(1990)providesthatan   indictmentmust:8 ` statethefactsconstitutingtheoffenseinordinaryandconciselanguage,withoutprolixityorrepetition,insuchamannerastoenableapersonofcommonunderstandingtoknowwhatisintended,andwiththatdegreeofcertaintywhichwillenablethecourt,onconviction,topronouncetheproperjudgment;....<4 9Z .Courier New Regular   $-XXXXX   `   3    Additionally,inhisapplicationforpermissiontoappealto   thisCourt,theappellantcontendsforthefirsttimethatthetrialcourtfailedtocomplywithTenn.R.Crim.P.37(e),whichrequiresthecourttoadviseadefendantofhisrighttoappealortoappointcounselforrepresentationonappeal,ifthedefendantisindigent.Thelowercourtshavehadnoopportunitytoaddressthisquestion,andnorecordhasbeendevelopedonit.Inanyevent,becauseweareresolvingthedelayedappealissueunderTenn.R.App.P.4(a),weneednotaddressRule37(e).<4 9Z .Courier New Regular   $XXXXX   `   3    Additionally,inhisapplicationforpermissiontoappealto   thisCourt,theappellantcontendsforthefirsttimethatthetrialcourtfailedtocomplywithTenn.R.Crim.P.37(e),whichrequiresthecourttoadviseadefendantofhisrighttoappealortoappointcounselforrepresentationonappeal,ifthedefendantisindigent.Thelowercourtshavehadnoopportunitytoaddressthisquestion,andnorecordhasbeendevelopedonit.Inanyevent,becauseweareresolvingthedelayedappealissueunderTenn.R.App.P.4(a),weneednotaddressRule37(e).01234C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !  (3$ !  ($$   1  55' dxdP Pd 1"  8XoTXXX80vX8XoT   Ad FILED8XoTX80v  October12,1998CecilW.CrowsonAppellateCourtClerkdAh  'dxd,cAZ"Arial Regular s! XXXX X     pp$XX XX$TR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'T  7  XXdd7=wXXdd=zpr/67<,(j 8` `@E  ` 8ttxPX  rpzzzpp@DINTHESUPREMECOURTOFTENNESSEE@tt)DATNASHVILLEzzFRANKCRITTENDEN p )FORPUBLICATION < Ѐ   h      p )       h      p )FILED:OCTOBER12,1998 Appellant h      p ) 2      h      p )DAVIDSONCOUNTYv.    h      p ) j  zt/67>.*jx ` `@EL` 8ttxP@ tߛz    h      p )HON.J.RANDALLWYATT,STATEOFTENNESSEE h      p )  JUDGE   Ѐ   p ) `  Ѐ Appellee h    p )NO.01S019712CR00267 6 ForAppellant:   h     ForAppellee:  PETERD.HEIL h     JOHNKNOXWALKUP H  Nashville,TN   h     AttorneyGeneralandReporter !     h     MICHAELE.MOORE    h     SolicitorGeneral    h     ELIZABETHT.RYAN    h     AssistantAttorneyGeneral    h     Nashville,TN    h     VICTORS.JOHNSON,III    h     DistrictAttorneyGeneral    h     WILLIAMREED    h     AssistantDistrictAttorneyGeneral    h     Nashville,TN    h      p @,DOPINIONAFFIRMEDINPART;REMANDEDTOTRIALCOURT   x BIRCH,J. 2:/9 , Inthispostconvictioncase,FrankCrittenden,the   appellant,pleadedguiltytoeightcountsofaggravatedrape.Afterasentencinghearing,thetrialcourtimposedaneffectivesentenceofonehundredyearstotheDepartmentofCorrection.TwoissuesarebeforethisCourt:first,theappellantcontendsthattheindictmentuponwhichhewasconvictedfailedtoallegeaculpablementalstateand,forthatreason,thetrialcourtwaswithoutjurisdictiontoenterjudgmentsofconviction;second,heinsiststhathedidnothavetheassistanceofcounselandconsequentlyfailedtofileanoticeofappeal.Hence,heseeksadelayedappeal.̀ Forthereasonsdiscussedbelow,weconcludethattheindictmentisadequateandtheresultingconvictionsvalid.Ourholdingnotwithstanding,intheinterestofjusticewefindthattheappellantshouldhaveanopportunitytoperfectadirectappeal. Becausetheissuesbeforeusarequestionsoflaw,ourreviewisdenovo.Statev.Hill,954S.W.2d725,727(Tenn. P*& 1997).First,weaddressthevalidityoftheeightaggravatedrapeconvictionsenteredagainsttheappellant,pursuanttoanindictmentwhichfailedtochargeaspecificculpablementalstate.ThisissuefirstappearsinappellantsTenn.R.App.P.11applicationforpermissiontoappeal.Defensesbasedondefectsintheindictmentareusuallyforeclosediftheyarenotraisedpriortotrial.Tenn.R.Crim.P.12(b)(2)and(f).However,Rule12(b)(2)alsoprovidesthatacourtshallnoticeatanytimeduring 70-6 thependencyoftheproceedingsthedefensethattheindictmentfailstoshowjurisdictioninthecourtorthatitfailstochargeanoffense.Becausetheappellanthascasthisargumentinjurisdictionalterms,weareabletoaddresstheallegeddefectintheindictment. TwooftheeightaggravatedrapeconvictionswerebaseduponcountsoftheindictmentallegingconductinviolationoftheCriminalSentencingReformActof1989.Thesetwocountschargedthattheappellant didengageinunlawfulsexualpenetrationof[R.C.],g&gg(g  #  1      ׀achildlessthanthirteen(13)yearsofage,inviolation D ofTennesseeCodeAnnotated3913502,andagainstthepeaceanddignityoftheStateofTennessee.Theaggravatedrapestatuteneitherexpresslyrequiresnorplainlydispenseswiththerequirementforaculpablementalstate.Consequently, intent,knowledge,orrecklessnesssufficestoestablishthenecessaryculpablementalstate.Tenn.CodeAnn.3911301(c)(1991). InHill,954S.W.2dat72627,anaggravatedrapecase ($ alsoprosecutedunderthe1989Act,westated:8 8 foroffenseswhichneitherexpresslyrequirenorplainlydispensewiththerequirementforaculpablementalstate,anindictmentwhichfailstoallegesuchmentalstatewillbesufficienttosupportprosecutionandconvictionforthatoffensesolongas xx 8 8 (1)thelanguageoftheindictmentissufficienttomeettheconstitutionalrequirementsof 6x+4 noticetotheaccusedofthechargeagainstwhichtheaccusedmustdefend,adequatebasisforentryofaproperjudgment,andprotectionfromdoublejeopardy; xx 8 8 (2)theformoftheindictmentmeetstherequirementsofTenn.CodeAnn.4013202;and xx 8 8 (3)thementalstatecanbelogicallyinferredfromtheconductalleged. xx Weheldtheindictmentsufficientandtheconvictionvalid.Id.at   729.BecausethetwocountsinthiscaseareessentiallyidenticaltotheindictmentinHill,Hillcontrolsourholdinghere.A n fortiori,theindictmentbeforeusissufficient,andthe & convictionbaseduponthatindictmentisvalid. Thesixremainingcountsoftheindictmentallegeconductwhichoccurredbetween1983and1988inviolationoftheSexualOffensesLawof1979.Eachchargesthatonvariousdatesin1983,1984,1985,1986,1987,and1988,theappellant didengageinunlawfulsexualpenetrationof[R.C.],achildlessthanthirteen(13)yearsofage,inviolationofTennesseeCodeAnnotated392603,andagainstthepeaceanddignityoftheStateofTennessee.Ϝg gAlthoughtheappellantarguesthatHillshouldnotapplytothese ,^") counts,wehavealreadydeterminedthatthereasoninginHillisas . $+ relevanttocrimescommittedunderthe1979Actasitistothosecommittedunderthe1989Act.Dykesv.Compton,__S.W.2d__ 1b'/ М(Tenn.1998),hhi1998WLij6ji40275(Tenn.Sept.21,1998).ih__W.L.__.hg g ApplyingHill,weconsiderthesesixcountsofthe 6f,5 indictmenttobeclear,concise,understandable,andinaccordance 8.7 withTenn.CodeAnn.4013202(1990).g'gg*g  #  2      ׀Moreover,thedefendant   andthetrialcourtwereprovidedwithadequatenoticeoftheoffensescharged,andthedefendantwasprotectedfromϜreprosecutionforthesameoffenses.AsHillslastrequirement,  weheldthatanindictmentisvalidiftherequisiteculpablementalstatemaybelogicallyinferredfromtheconductallegedintheindictment.Here,theculpablementalstateiseasilyinferablefromtheconductunlawfulsexualpenetrationallegedintheindictment.Therefore,thesecountsoftheindictmentsatisfytheHillrequirements,andtheconvictionsbaseduponthemare   valid. Asaconsequentialmatter,wedeemitimportanttostressthedistinctionbetweentheallegationssufficientforavalidindictmentandtheproofnecessarytoconvict.Aconvictionrequiresproofbeyondareasonabledoubtofeveryelementoftheoffense.AnindictmentneedsonlytosatisfytheconstitutionalandstatutoryrequirementsinHillforittosupportaconviction. &l" Furthermore,weemphasizethefactthattheCourthasmovedawayfromthestrictpleadingrequirementsadheredtounderthecommonlaw.AswenotedinHill, thepurposeofthetraditionallystrict +p!( pleadingrequirementwastheexistenceofcommonlawoffenseswhoseelementswerenoteasilyascertainedbyreferencetoastatute. T/$, Suchcommonlawoffensesnolongerexist.Id.at728.Wereweto   holdotherwise,wewouldbeembracingtechnicalitiesthatareemptyandwithoutreason.Id.  X  Wemovetothesecondissueconcerningtheappellantsrequestfordelayedappeal.BecausehewassentencedonFebruary10,1995,hehaduntilMarch12,1995,tofileanoticeofappeal.Tenn.R.App.P.4(a).Immediatelyaftersentencing,theappellantsattorneywaspermittedtowithdrawfromthecase.Althoughtheattorneyadvisedtheappellantofhisrighttoappealthesentencesimposedbythetrialcourt,theappellantapparentlydecidedtowaivehisrighttoappeal,andtheattorneyfileda WaiverofAppealonFebruary27,1995. Theappellantthereafterhadachangeofmind,andonMarch8,1995,herequestedbyletterthattheattorneyfileanappeal.Theletterwasreturnedunopened,alongwithacoverletterremindingtheappellantthattheattorneywouldnolongeractonhisbehalf.Thus,thethirtydaytimeperiodinwhichtofilethenoticeofappealexpired.Theappellantthenfiledapro P*& semotiontofileadelayedappealonMarch23,1995,whichwas ,|!( subsequentlyconvertedintotheinstantpetitionforpostconvictionrelief. ThepetitionforpostconvictionreliefallegedthatadelayedappealwaswarrantedunderTenn.CodeAnn.4030120 (1990)becausethetrialattorneyprovidedineffective 6+4 representation.g.gg,g  #  3      ׀Afterahearing,thetrialcourtdeniedpost    convictionrelief,findingasamatteroffactthatthetrialattorneyprovidedcompetentrepresentation.TheCourtofCriminalAppealsruledthattheevidencedidnotpreponderateagainstthisfinding,andweagree.Notwithstandingthecorrectness,thetrialcourtsrulingontheissueoftheappellantsopportunitytoappealremainsunresolved. Weareconcernedthattheappellantdidnothaveanadequateopportunitytoappealhissentences.UnderTenn.R.App.P.4(a),08 8 inallcriminalcasesthe noticeofappealdocumentisnotjurisdictionalandthefilingofsuchdocumentmaybewaivedintheinterestofjustice.Theappropriateappellatecourtshallbethecourtthatdetermineswhethersuchawaiverisintheinterestofjustice. 1 xx SeealsoTenn.CodeAnn.271123(Supp.1997).Althoughthe 'B# appellantinitiallydecidedtowaivehisrighttoappeal,hechangedhismindduringtheperiodinwhichhedidnothavetheadviceofcounsel.Therecordshowsthatheattemptedtoperfecthisappealbeforethelimitationsperiodforfilinganoticeof ~.#+ appealexpiredbyseekingtheassistanceoftheattorneywhohadjustwithdrawnfromhisrepresentation.Moreover,hemanagedtofileaprose motiontofilebelatedappealonlyelevendays  X afterthelimitationsperiodexpired. Underthesecircumstances,theabridgementofbothdirectandpostconvictionavenuesofappealwithouteverreachingthemeritsoftheappellantscasewouldbepatentlyunfair.See L  Smithv.State,873S.W.2d5,6(Tenn.Crim.App.1993).Although l  theappellanthasnotrequestedawaiverofthenoticeofappealrequirement,anappellatecourtmaydosoonitsownmotionwhenitisintheinterestofjustice.Statev.Dodson,780S.W.2d778, p 781(Tenn.Crim.App.1989).ItistheopinionofthisCourtthatthenoticeofappealrequirementshouldbewaived,andwenowdoso. Typically,whenanappellatecourtwaivesthenoticeofappealrequirement,itthenimmediatelyresolvestheappealonitsmerits.Inthiscase,however,theCourthasbeforeitonlytherecordconcerningpostconvictionrelief;nocourthasaddressedsentencing.Wethereforefinditnecessarytoremandthecausetothetrialcourt,withinstructionstoappointcounselifnecessaryandtoreinstatethesentencesinordertostartanewthetimewithinwhichtheappellantmayperfectadirectappealofhissentencestotheCourtofCriminalAppeals. Inconclusion,weholdthatthelanguageofthisindictmentwassufficienttosupporttheconvictionsoneight 70-6 countsofaggravatedrape.g^ ^gBecausewefindthatawaiverofthenoticeofappealrequirementmfurthmnersnmisinmtheinterestofjustice,g^ ^g񛀀weremandthecausetothetrialcourtwithinstructionstoappointcounselifnecessaryandtoreenterthesentencingjudgmentinordertostartanewthetimewithinwhichtheappellantmayperfectadirectappealofhissentences. ThecostsofthisappealaretaxedtotheState,forwhichexecutionmayissueifnecessary.    h      p ______________________________    h      p ADOLPHOA.BIRCH,JR.,Justice̜fCONCUR:fedconcurdedPanel:deeAnderson,C.J.Drowota,Holder,JJ.Reid,S.J.o,notparticipatingo