ÿWPC; \°â#&¡åI‰K’Û E AuмÌ͘ç\ÁkaŒ x‘4ሼÊ#7OÙ½ÎÜxXÈ.ú*js5PL§–ØÜ{k#fÐa»!C¦Íµ``-³ÌþöS¿¦¡½dïA^"1™gÎÜ̇¸ZÂ{—üÿ#År¸‰Þð¢+ºEŸ©FP›»[a]M,â…óßÇu†¡}Ö¥[ܵÅþÃ})ÜËXR žîÆÁV©â8cm.µàú¡ðóT§0óÈô`³Éð—ÍçÞ.€aƒ±Sñ0•=G|Üæ™ìóÍØÓnVŠ¡àþ+SˆöxÄr“„¤G¢aN+Ðs™`×èL6ÊFŠŽ¡| $ý`Jz§ §kpoö‘Ãý,i–F”m¼vÿÕúPx¸ZdùÙS±åTÑ#ɤªÆ~/ýÇcJZ3¡pÕýSô:(Ê,æ/®uePý’î‹ï#œØäzï`G¤@¼É¨œ7XÐ:K¼|e)"……É%õ¿„2oøP«³µ<™/j-Ñ‚ûÞù ÷‹üBiê^Ï–›]øúýC‰öÄLÍûãSî“t¥¿áäþ6jS}¡?æ[̳°¡–tV?ã·ÆÃ^é½á#¨°àÊ#~!)̧‰Ld#!xx %™ 0(ŸU:Çw 4  ( 0 0DH H U :Œ NÆ 0ˆ 0Dœ U:à N^ ( m*AWmmmmmmm B||³™bLU ,TTTTTTh€€€Òèèè–ºËPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP 0D# D5ggggg AQœÆí 0D³ 0D÷˜HP LaserJet 8000 DN PSØÚØÚÚØØÚ0X($¡¡,†r‰AZ‹"Arial Regular{Z='+,,--../3|x Ý ƒb¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€0^XXÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X ¬X0^ÔÐ  ÐÌSeptember€27,€1999ÌÌCecil€Ô_ÔCrowsonÔ_Ô,€Jr.ÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAYÔó ó(3¯$©©Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý, øð AZ"Arial Regular DÝ ƒ£$ÝÒ°ÒÒ”°Òà ` àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€#Xº1XXXÔà ¸ àÔ€XЈXX#Xº1ÔÔ€ôò òXXЈÔThe€plaintiffs€also€sought€relief€in€federal€court€but€were€unsuccessful.€€òòDoe€v.€Ô_ÔSundquistÔ_Ôóó,Ð ° Ð943€F.€Supp.€886€(M.D.€Tenn.€1996),€òòÔ_ÔaffððdÔ_Ôóó,€106€F.3d€702€(6th€Cir.€1997),€òòcert.óó€òòdeniedóó,€___€U.S.€___,€118Ð n¾ ÐS.€Ct.€51,€139€L.€Ed.€2d€16€(1997).(8(2£$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÒ”°Òà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó,–ûyAZ‹"Arial Regular1h;'L ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ Ñ e Ñ Ñ e Ñ Ý ƒ£$ÝÒ°ÒÒ”°Òà ` àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡ Xº1XXXÔÔ‡ ôKvòX Xº1Ôà ¸ àÔ#†ôò òò ôKvo#ÔÔ‡ ôKvò òôòÔPlaintiffs€also€included€Kimberly€C.€and€Russ€C.,€adoptive€parents,€and€Small€WorldÐ ° ÐMinistries,€Inc.,€a€non„profit€child„placing€agency.Ô#†ôò òò ôKvÜ#ÔÔ‡ ôKvò òôòÔ€€Ô#†ôò òò ôKvº#ÔÔ‡ ôKvò òôòÔThese€plaintiffs€have€not€challenged€the€Court€ofÐ xÈ ÐAppealsðð€ruling,€which€was€specifically€limited€to€the€plaintiffs€who€were€birth€parents.Ô#†ôò òò ôKvþ#ÔÔ#†XЈX òôòŽ#Ô d ©Ý ƒ£$ÝÒ°ÒÒ”°Òà ` àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€#X ¬XXXÔà ¸ àÔ‡ X ¬XX#X ¬ÔÔ‡ ôIÃõX X ¬Ô1995€Tenn.€Pub.€Acts,€ch.€523€(codified€at€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€36„1„101,€òòetóó€òòseqóó.€(1996Ð ° Ð&€Supp.€1998)).Ô#†#ôIÃõõ ôIÚ#ÔÔ#†#X ¬Xõ#ôIù#Ô- ù-, øð AZArial  ^Ý ƒ£$ÝÒ°ÒÒ”°Òà ` àòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_Ôà ¸ àÔ‡ Xº1XXXÔÔ‡ ôKvòX Xº1ÔThe€court€initially€granted€extraordinary€review€of€the€temporary€injunction€issue€andÐ ° Ðgranted€a€stay€of€the€proceedings.€€The€trial€court€dismissed€the€suit€and€entered€judgment,Ð xÈ Ðnotwithstanding€the€Court€of€Appealsðð€stay€order.€€The€Court€of€Appeals€thereafter€consolidated€theÐ @ Ðappeals.Ô#†ôò òò ôKv{#ÔÔ#†XЈX òôòš#Ô ÈÝ ƒ£$ÝÒ°ÒÒ”°Òà ` àòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€#Xº1XXXÔÔ€#ôKvòX#Xº1Ôà ¸ àSimilarly,€given€this€statutory€history,€we€also€disagree€with€the€Court€of€AppealsððÐ e Ðconclusion€that€the€plaintiffs€could€reasonably€rely€on€an€alleged€assurance€of€confidentiality€from€either€aÐ -È Ðstate€agency€or€state€regulation. ŒÝ ƒ£$ÝÒ°ÒÒ”°Òà ` àòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€#Xº1XXXÔà ¸ àÔ‡#ôKvòX#Xº1ÔThe€contact€veto€provisions€are€strengthened€and€enforced€by€both€criminal€sanctionsÐ e Ðand€civil€remedies.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„132€(1996€&€Supp.€1998).Ô#†#Xº1Xò#ôKvš#Ô ÁÝ ƒ£$ÝÒ°ÒÒ”°Òà ` àòòÚ  Ú7Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡ Xº1XXXÔÔ‡ ôKvòX Xº1Ôà ¸ àThe€Sixth€Circuit€has€likewise€concluded€on€several€occasions€that€there€is€noÐ e Ðconstitutional€right€to€the€non„disclosure€of€personal€information.€€òòJarvis€v.€Wellmanóó,€52€F.3d€125,€126Ð -È Ð(6th€Cir.€1995);€òòDoe€v.€Ô_ÔWiggintonÔ_Ôóó,€21€F.3d€733,€740€(6th€Cir.€1994);€òòJ.€P.€v.€Ô_ÔDeSantiÔ_Ôóó,€653€F.2d€1080,€1090Ð õ Ð(6th€Cir.€1981).€Ô#†ôò òò ôKvo#ÔÔ#†XЈX òôòŽ#Ô (3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý)ÿÿ!dxdxabZc[Cþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÒ°ÒÒ”°ÒÑTR[° AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÑ  Ñò òòòó óóóÓ=€ ¬XÐXdÐd=ÓÔ_Ôà@//&àIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEEˆà x àà Ð àà (# àÐ ° ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àAT€NASHVILLEÌßx€` [B2.jzv²`  `€€@ÿEZ` 8ttxP’bl ² xßÌÌÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àòòò òFOR€PUBLICATIONÐ ú J Ðóóó óà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àà  àà x àà Ð àà (# àÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àòòò òFiled:€€September€27,€1999ó óóóÐ Ì   ÐÌÓ=€ ¬XÐXdXÐXd=ÓPROMISE€DOE,€€ET€AL.,à h àà À àà  à)Ð žî  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àAppellees,à À àà  à)à p à€€€DAVIDSON€CIRCUITÐ jº  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)ÌVs.à ` àà ¸ àà  à€à h àà À àà  à)Ð 6†  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p à€€HON.€WALTER€KURTZ,à Ð àà (# àÐ R Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p à€€€à È à€€€JUDGEÐ è8 ÐDONALD€SUNDQUIST,€ET€AL.,à À àà  à)Ð Î Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à)à p àà È àÐ ´ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àAppellants.à À àà  à)à p à€No.€01„S„01„9901„CV„00006Ð šê ÐÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àà  àà x à€€€€€€à Ð àà (# àÐ f¶ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àà  à€Ìò òòòFor€Appellants:à  àóóà h àà À àà  àà p àòòFor€Appellees:ó óóóÐ 2‚ ÐÌPaul€G.€Summersà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àLarry€L.€Crainòòò òÐ T Ðó óóóAttorney€General€and€Reporterà0 À àà0ÀD%ÀD%àà0pD%D%àAMERICAN€CENTER€Ðê:pD%pD% Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  à€à0 h àà À àà  àà p àFOR€LAW€AND€JUSTICEÐÐ hD%hD% ÐMichael€E.€Mooreà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àBrentwood,€TennesseeÐ ¶ ÐSolicitor€GeneralÌà ` àà ¸ àà  àà0 h àà0ÀhD%hD%àà0ÀD%ÀD%àà0pD%D%àKevin€H.€TheriotÐ pD%pD% ÐDianne€Stamey€Dycusà0 h àà0ÀhD%hD%àà0ÀD%ÀD%àà0pD%D%àAMERICAN€CENTERÐh"¸!pD%pD% ÐDeputy€Attorney€Generalà0 h àà0ÀhD%hD%àà0ÀD%ÀD%àà0pD%D%àFOR€LAW€AND€JUSTICEÐN#ž"pD%pD% ÐNashville,€Tennesseeà h àà À àà  àà p àPanama€City€Beach,€FloridaÐ 4$„# ÐÌÌò òòòà@ëë'&àFor€Amici€Curiae,ˆÐ æ&6"& Ðà@ùù!&àTeresa€Evetts€Horton,€et€al.:óóó óˆÐ Ò'"#' ÐÌFrederick€F.€Greenman,€Jr.à À àà  àà p àà È àHarlan€Dodson,€IIIÐ ¤)ô$) ÐDEUTSCH,€KLAGSBRUN€&€BLASBANDà p àà È àAnne€C.€MartinÐ Š*Ú%* ÐNew€York,€New€Yorkà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àJulie€K.€SandineÐ p+À&+ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àDODSON,€PARKER€&€BEHMÏRobert€D.€Tukeà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àà È àNashville,€TennesseeÐ <-Œ(- ÐTUKE,€YOPP€&€SWEENEYÌNashville,€TennesseeÌÌÌÌÌÌà ` àà ¸ à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ô‡„S>„XXÔò òO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó óÔ#†X ¬X„„S>_#ÔÐ l4¼/5 ÐÌÌÌÌÌCOURT€OF€APPEALS€REVERSED;à  àà p àà È àÐ N:ž5; ÐTRIAL€COURTððS€JUDGMENT€REINSTATED.à p àà È àà  àà0 x àANDERSON,€C.J.Ð 4;„6<xD%xD% ÐÔ€ X ¬XXX ¬ÔÓÓÑ€"ÑÑ8€  ¬ XXdæXXdæ8ÑÑ€ïO ÑÑ€ïOÑà ` àWe€granted€this€appeal€to€decide€whether€legislation׃!×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€allowing€disclosure€ofÐ ° Ðsealed€adoption€records€to€adopted€persons€over€the€age€of€21€impairs€the€vestedÐ à Ðrights€of€birth€parents€who€surrendered€children€under€the€prior€law€and€thusÐ pÀ Ðconstitutes€retrospective€legislation€in€violation€of€article€I,€section€20€of€the€TennesseeÐ P   ÐConstitution.€€We€also€have€considered€whether€the€legislation€violates€the€right€toÐ 0 € Ðprivacy€under€the€Tennessee€Constitution.€Ð `  ÐÌà ` àThe€trial€court€dismissed€the€plaintiffsðð€action€for€injunctive€and€declaratory€relief,Ð Ð  Ðholding€that€the€legislation€did€not€impair€the€plaintiffsðð€vested€rights€or€their€rights€toÐ ° Ðprivacy€under€the€Tennessee€Constitution.€€The€Court€of€Appeals€reversed€the€trialÐ à Ðcourtððs€judgment,€concluding€that€the€retrospective€application€of€the€legislationÐ pÀ Ðimpaired€the€vested€rights€of€birth€parents€who€surrendered€children€under€former€lawÐ P  Ðwith€an€expectation€that€records€of€the€adoption€would€not€be€released.€€€Ð 0€ ÐÌà ` àWe€agree€with€the€trial€court€that€retrospective€application€of€legislation€allowingÐ ð@ Ðdisclosure€of€adoption€records€to€adopted€persons€over€the€age€of€21€does€not€impairÐ Ð  Ðthe€vested€rights€of€birth€parents€in€violation€of€article€I,€section€20€of€the€TennesseeÐ °"  ÐConstitution,€nor€does€it€violate€the€right€to€privacy€embraced€in€the€TennesseeÐ $à" ÐConstitution.€€We€therefore€reverse€the€Court€of€Appealsðð€judgment€and€reinstate€theÐ p&À!$ Ðjudgment€of€the€trial€court.€€€Ð P( #& ÐÌà@JJ*&àòòò òBACKGROUNDóóˆÐ ,`'* Ðó óà ` àIn€1995,€the€Tennessee€Legislature€enacted€several€new€statutory€provisionsÐ ð-@), Ðand€amendments€regarding€the€law€of€adoption.€€òòSeeóó€1995€Tenn.€Pub.€Acts,€ch.€523Ð Ð/ +. Ð(codified€at€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€36„1„101,€òòetóó€òòseq.óó€(1996€&€Supp.€1998)).€€Section€36„Ð °1-0 Ð1„127(c)€of€the€new€law,€which€became€effective€July€1,€1996,€provides€in€relevant€part:Ð 3à.2 ÐÐ p5À04 ÐÓÓà8 ` à(1)(A)€All€adoption€records€.€.€.€shall€be€made€available€to€the€followingÐ ° Ðeligible€persons:€€(i)€[a]n€adopted€person€.€.€.€who€is€twenty„one€(21)€yearsÐ  ð Ðof€age€or€older€.€.€.;€(ii)€[t]he€legal€representative€of€[such]€a€person€.€.€.;Ð à Ð(B)€Information€.€.€.€shall€be€released€.€.€.€only€to€the€parents,€siblings,Ð €Ð Ðlineal€descendants,€or€lineal€ancestors,€of€the€adopted€person€.€.€.,€andÐ pÀ Ðonly€with€the€express€written€consent€.€.€.€[of]€the€adopted€person€.€.€.€.Ð` °` ì"` ì" ÐÌÓÓòòÌId.óó€€The€new€law€also€provides€for€a€ð ðcontact€veto,ðð€under€which€a€parent,€sibling,Ð  p  Ðspouse,€lineal€ancestor,€or€lineal€descendant€may€register€to€prevent€contact€by€theÐ P  Ðadopted€person.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„128€(1996€&€Supp.€1998).€€Ð à0  ÐÌà ` àIn€March€of€1997,€a€group€of€plaintiffs€filed€an€action€in€Davidson€County€for€Ð  ð Ðdeclaratory€and€injunctive€relief,€challenging€the€constitutionality€of€the€disclosureÐ €Ð Ðportion€of€the€new€law.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Plaintiff€Promise€Doe€alleged€that€she€was€a€birth€parent€whoÐ `° Ðsurrendered€a€child€for€adoption€in€1990€with€the€assurance€that€the€information€sheÐ @ Ðprovided€would€remain€confidential€and€sealed€and€could€not€be€accessed€by€the€childÐ  p Ðor€the€childððs€father.€€Plaintiff€Jane€Roe,€a€birth€parent€who€surrendered€a€child€forÐ P Ðadoption€in€1956,€alleged€that€she€had€signed€some€papers€after€giving€birthòò€óóbut€wasÐ à0 Ðadvised€that€the€child€had€died.€€Roe€also€alleged€that€she€was€contacted€by€theÐ À! ÐTennessee€Department€of€Human€Services€in€1988€regarding€her€biological€childððsÐ  #ð! Ðrequests€for€identifying€information.׃Ê×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Ð €%Ð # ÐÌà ` àThe€plaintiffs€argued€that€they€had€a€vested€right€in€the€confidentiality€of€theirÐ @)$' Ðidentity€under€the€law€in€effect€at€the€time€they€surrendered€children€for€adoption€andÐ  +p&) Ðthat€retrospective€application€of€the€1995€statute€violates€article€I,€section€20€of€theÐ -P(+ ÐTennessee€Constitution.€€The€plaintiffs€also€argued€that€the€legislation€interfered€withÐ à.0*- Ðtheir€right€to€privacy,€specifically,€familial€and€procreational€privacy€and€the€non„Ð À0,/ Ðdisclosure€of€personal€information.€€€Ð  2ð-1 Їà ` àAfter€initially€granting€a€temporary€restraining€order€that€prevented€disclosure€ofÐ ° Ðthe€records,€the€trial€court€denied€the€plaintiffsðð€request€for€a€temporary€injunction.€€TheÐ à Ðtrial€court€concluded€(a)€that€the€plaintiffs€failed€to€establish€they€had€a€vested€right€toÐ pÀ Ðconfidential€records€under€prior€law€that€would€invalidate€the€new€law€as€retrospectiveÐ P   Ðlegislation€under€article€I,€section€20€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution,€and€(b)€that€theÐ 0 € Ðplaintiffs€failed€to€establish€that€disclosure€violated€the€right€to€privacy€under€theÐ `  ÐTennessee€Constitution.€€For€these€same€reasons,€the€trial€court€later€granted€theÐ ð@  ÐStateððs€motion€to€dismiss€the€action.Ð Ð  ÐÌà ` àThe€Court€of€Appeals€issued€a€stay€pending€disposition€of€the€appeal.׃)×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú4Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€TheÐ à Ðcourt€then€concluded€that€the€statute€in€question€violated€article€I,€section€20€for€theÐ pÀ Ðfollowing€reasons:€Ð P  ÐÌÓÓà8 ` à[W]e€find€that€the€retrospective€application€of€Section€36„1„127(c)€doesÐ ` Ðimpair€the€vested€rights€of€birth€parents€who€surrendered€their€children€forÐ P Ðadoption€under€former€law.€€Under€the€prior€law,€these€birth€parents€had€aÐ ð@ Ðreasonable€expectation€that€any€identifying€information€would€remainÐ à0 Ðconfidential€if€they€so€desired.€.€.€.€€[T]he€DHS€regulation€mandating€thatÐ Ð  Ðbirth€parents€be€assured€of€the€confidential€aspects€of€the€adoption„Ð À! Ðrelated€services€.€.€.€adopted€in€1988€.€.€.€is€indicative€of€the€expectation€ofÐ °"  Ðconfidentiality€prevalent€under€the€prior€law.€€The€birth€mother€plaintiffs€allÐ  #ð! Ðproclaim€that€they€were€assured€confidentiality€and€expected€the€sameÐ $à" Ðunder€that€law.€€We€find€that€this€interest€in€the€confidentiality€ofÐ €%Ð # Ðidentifying€information€is€a€proper€interest€for€the€state€to€recognize€andÐ p&À!$ Ðprotect.€€Life„changing€decisions€were€made€based€upon€this€expectationÐ `'°"% Ðand€to€now€deprive€those€who€relied€upon€their€legitimate€expectationÐ P( #& Ðunder€the€law€would€be€to€deprive€them€of€a€vested€right.Ð@)$'` ì"` ì" ÐÌ€ÌÓÓThe€Court€of€Appeals€specifically€limited€its€holding€to€the€plaintiffs€who€were€birthÐ ,`'* Ðparents.€€We€granted€review€to€consider€this€important€issue€of€first€impression.Ð ð-@), ÐÌà@,,+&àòòò òANALYSISó óóóˆÐ °1-0 Ðâ âà@„„&&àòòò òStandard€of€Reviewóóó óˆÐ 3à.2 Ðà ` àThis€case€is€on€appeal€from€the€trial€courtððs€dismissal€of€the€plaintiffsðð€suit€forÐ ° Ðâ âfailure€to€state€a€claim€upon€which€relief€can€be€granted.€€Tenn.€R.€Civ.€P.€12.02(6).€€AÐ à ÐRule€12.02(6)€motion€tests€the€legal€sufficiency€of€the€plaintiffððs€complaint€and€not€theÐ pÀ Ðstrength€of€the€plaintiffððs€evidence.€€òòRiggs€v.€Bursonóó,€941€S.W.2d€44,€47€(Tenn.€1997).€Ð P   ÐIn€ruling€on€such€a€motion,€courts€must€construe€the€complaint€in€favor€of€the€plaintiff,Ð 0 € Ðaccept€the€allegations€of€fact€as€true,€and€deny€the€motion€unless€it€appears€that€theÐ `  Ðplaintiff€can€establish€no€facts€supporting€the€claim€that€would€warrant€relief.€€òòId.óó€€WhenÐ ð@  Ðthe€trial€courtððs€grant€of€a€Rule€12.02(6)€motion€to€dismiss€is€appealed,€we€must€takeÐ Ð  Ðthe€factual€allegations€contained€in€the€complaint€as€true€and€review€the€lower€courtsððÐ ° Ðlegal€conclusions€òòdeóó€òònovoóó€without€a€presumption€of€correctness.€€òòStein€v.€DavidsonÐ à ÐHotel€Coóó.,€945€S.W.2d€714,€716€(Tenn.€1997).€€Ð pÀ ÐÌà@BB&àò òòòHistory€of€Adoption€Statutes€in€Tennesseeóóó óˆÐ 0€ Ðà ` àWe€begin€by€reviewing€the€history€of€adoption€laws€in€Tennessee.€€In€1852,€theÐ ` ÐGeneral€Assembly€granted€jurisdiction€to€circuit€and€county€courts€authorizing€theÐ ð@ Ðadoption€of€children;€the€function€of€the€court€was€to€record€the€names€of€the€partiesÐ Ð  Ðand€the€terms€of€the€adoption.€€1852€Tenn.€Pub.€Acts,€ch.€338.€€In€1917,€the€legislatureÐ °"  Ðdetermined€that€in€cases€involving€children€whose€parentage€was€unknown,€and€whoÐ $à" Ðhad€not€been€assigned€by€court€order€to€a€child„caring€organization,€a€trial€judge€hadÐ p&À!$ Ðthe€discretion€to€ð ðrequire€that€all€papers€relating€to€the€personal€history€of€such€child€orÐ P( #& Ðfamily€history€if€any€is€of€record,€be€sealed€and€filed€in€the€county€archives,€to€beÐ 0*€%( Ðunsealed€only€by€judicial€order.ðð€€1917€Tenn.€Pub.€Acts,€ch.€120.Ð ,`'* ÐÌà ` àLater€amendments€provided€that€records€were€to€be€sealed€but€could€beÐ Ð/ +. Ðdisclosed€in€the€discretion€of€the€court.€€In€1949,€for€instance,€legislation€provided€thatÐ °1-0 Ðan€adopted€person€over€the€age€of€21€could€petition€the€trial€judge€to€review€theÐ 3à.2 Ðrecords€and€to€release€any€information€the€judge€determined€was€in€the€best€interest€ofÐ p5À04 Ðthe€adopted€person€and€the€State€of€Tennessee.€€1949€Tenn.€Pub.€Acts,€ch.€127.€Ð P7 26 ÐSimilarly,€the€statute€was€amended€in€1951€to€require€an€adopted€individual€seekingÐ 09€48 ÐÑïOÑâ âÑe°Ñâ âÑ  Ñinformation€to€file€a€court€order;€disclosure€required€the€court€to€find€that€releasing€theÐ e Ðrecords€was€in€the€best€interest€of€the€adopted€person€and€the€public.€1951€Tenn.€Pub.Ð Eà ÐActs,€ch.€202.Ð %À ÐÌà ` àOther€amendments€created€more€inroads€into€the€confidentiality€provisions€ofÐ å € Ðthe€adoption€statutes.€€In€1982,€an€amendment€allowed€an€adopted€person€to€file€aÐ Å `  Ðwritten€request€and€to€receive€non„identifying€information€from€the€Department€ofÐ ¥@  ÐHuman€Services€about€the€adopted€personððs€biological€family.€€1982€Tenn.€Pub.€Acts,Ð …  Ðch.€668.€€In€1985,€an€amendment€provided€for€further€disclosure€of€records€if€DHSÐ e Ðreceived€consent€from€the€biological€parents.€1985€Tenn.€Pub.€Acts,€ch.€285.€€In€1989,Ð Eà Ðan€amendment€provided€that€upon€a€written€request€of€an€adopted€person€over€age€21,Ð %À ÐDHS€was€to€search€its€records€for€information€concerning€the€location€of€the€birthÐ   Ðparent(s)€and,€if€found,€request€consent€for€disclosure€of€the€information.€€If€the€birthÐ å€ Ðparent€consented,€DHS€was€to€provide€the€adopted€person€with€the€name,€address,Ð Å` Ðand€identifying€information€of€the€birth€parent.€€1989€Tenn.€Pub.€Acts,€ch.€507.Ð ¥@ ÐÌà ` àAs€previously€noted,€the€1995€amendments€mandate€disclosure€of€records€uponÐ e"  Ðthe€request€of€an€adopted€person€over€the€age€of€21€without€requiring€a€court€order€orÐ E$à" Ðconsent€of€the€biological€parents.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„127(c)(1).€€Other€portions€ofÐ %&À!$ Ðthe€legislation,€however,€establish€a€procedure€by€which€a€birth€parent€or€relatedÐ ( #& Ðindividual€can€ð ðvetoðð€any€contact€with€the€adopted€party€who€has€received€the€records.€Ð å)€%( ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„128€(1996€&€Supp.€1998).€€We€will€now€address€theÐ Å+`'* Ðconstitutionality€of€these€disclosure€provisions.Ð ¥-@), ÐÌà@bb#&àòòò òRetrospective€Legislationóóó óˆÐ e1-0 Ðà ` àArticle€I,€section€20€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution€provides€that€ð ðnoÐ E3à.2 Ðretrospective€law,€or€law€impairing€the€obligations€of€contracts,€shall€be€made.ðð€€WeÐ %5À04 Ðhave€construed€this€provision€as€prohibiting€laws€ð ðwhich€take€away€or€impair€vestedÐ 7 26 Ðrights€acquired€under€existing€laws€or€create€a€new€obligation,€impose€a€new€duty,€orÐ å8€48 Ðattach€a€new€disability€in€respect€of€transactions€or€considerations€already€passed.ðð€Ð e ÐòòMorris€v.€Grossóó,€572€S.W.2d€902,€907€(Tenn.€1978).€€A€ð ðvested€right,ðð€although€difficultÐ Eà Ðto€define€with€precision,€is€one€ð ðwhich€it€is€proper€for€the€state€to€recognize€and€protectÐ %À Ðand€of€which€[an]€individual€could€not€be€deprived€arbitrarily€without€injustice.ðð€€òòId.óó€atÐ    Ð905€(citation€omitted).€€Ð å € ÐÌà ` àIn€considering€whether€a€statute€impairs€a€vested€right€under€article€I,€sectionÐ ¥@  Ð20,€we€frequently€have€observed€that€statutes€which€are€procedural€or€remedial€inÐ …  Ðnature€may€be€applied€retrospectively.€€òòSaylors€v.€Riggsbeeóó,€544€S.W.2d€609,€610Ð e Ð(Tenn.€1976).€€In€general,€a€statute€is€procedural€ð ðif€it€defines€the€.€.€.€proceeding€byÐ Eà Ðwhich€a€legal€right€is€enforced,€as€distinguished€from€the€law€which€gives€or€defines€theÐ %À Ðright.ðð€€òòKuykendall€v.€Wheeleróó,€890€S.W.2d€785,€787€(Tenn.€1994)€(citation€omitted).€€AÐ   Ðstatute€is€remedial€if€it€provides€the€means€by€which€a€cause€of€action€may€beÐ å€ Ðeffectuated,€wrongs€addressed,€and€relief€obtained.€€òòDowlen€v.€Fitchóó,€196€Tenn.€206,Ð Å` Ð211„12,€264€S.W.2d€824,€826€(1954).€€We€have€clarified,€however,€that€even€aÐ ¥@ Ðprocedural€or€remedial€statute€may€not€be€applied€retrospectively€if€it€impairs€a€vestedÐ …  Ðright€or€contractual€obligation€in€violation€of€article€I,€section€20.€€òòKee€v.€Shelter€Ins.óó,Ð e"  Ð852€S.W.2d€226,€228€(Tenn.€1993).Ð E$à" ÐÌà ` àOur€case€law€indicates€that€deciding€whether€a€ð ðvested€rightðð€exists€and€hasÐ ( #& Ðbeen€impaired€by€retrospective€application€of€a€statute€entails€consideration€of€manyÐ å)€%( Ðfactors,€none€of€which€is€dispositive.€€òòE.g.óó,€òòMorrisóó,€572€S.W.2d€at€907€(focusing€onÐ Å+`'* Ðplaintiffððs€ð ðvested€rightðð€to€maintain€an€already€filed€cause€of€action€despite€new€lawÐ ¥-@), Ðthat€effectively€dismissed€the€suit€and€prevented€its€refiling€due€to€a€shorter€statute€ofÐ …/ +. Ðlimitations);€òòSaylorsóó,€544€S.W.2d€at€610€(analyzing€the€substantive/proceduralÐ e1-0 Ðdistinction€in€determining€whether€a€statute€impaired€a€vested€right€or€contractualÐ E3à.2 Ðobligation);€òòFord€Motor€Co.€v.€Moultonóó,€511€S.W.2d€690,€695„97€(Tenn.€1974)Ð %5À04 Ðâ â(analyzing€whether€legislation€deprived€a€person€of€his€reasonable€expectations€underÐ 7 26 Ðthe€prior€law).€€In€short,€there€is€no€precise€formula€to€apply€in€making€thisÐ e Ðdetermination.€Ð Eà Ðâ âÌà ` àWe€therefore€agree€with€the€trial€court€that€it€is€useful€to€employ€a€multi„factorÐ    Ðanalysis,€such€as€that€enunciated€in€òòFicarra€v.€Department€of€Regulatory€Agenciesóó,Ð å € Ð849€P.2d€6€(Colo.€1993):Ð Å `  ÐÓÓÌà8 ` à[I]n€determining€whether€a€retroactive€statute€impairs€or€destroys€vestedÐ •0  Ðrights,€the€most€important€inquiries€are€(1)€whether€the€public€interest€isÐ …  Ðadvanced€or€retarded,€(2)€whether€the€retroactive€provision€gives€effect€toÐ u Ðor€defeats€the€òòbonaóó€òòfideóó€intentions€or€reasonable€expectations€of€affectedÐ e Ðpersons,€and€(3)€whether€the€statute€surprises€persons€who€have€longÐ Uð Ðrelied€on€a€contrary€state€of€the€law.ÐEà` ì"` ì" ÐÌÌÓÓòòId.óó€at€16€(alteration€in€original)€(citation€omitted).€€We€add€to€these€factors,€whichÐ ° Ðencompass€the€principles€discussed€in€our€case€law,€an€additional€factor€discussedÐ õ Ðabove:€€the€extent€to€which€a€statute€appears€to€be€procedural€or€remedial.€€òòE.g.óó,Ð Õp ÐòòKuykendallóó,€890€S.W.2d€at€787.Ð µP ÐÌà ` àIn€considering€the€first€factor,€we€observe€that€the€stated€primary€purpose€of€theÐ u! Ðnew€law€reflects€consideration€of€the€public€interest:Ð U#ð! ÐÓÓÌà8 ` à[t]he€primary€purpose€of€this€part€is€to€provide€means€and€procedures€forÐ %&À!$ Ðthe€adoption€of€children€and€adults€that€recognize€and€effectuate€to€theÐ '°"% Ðgreatest€extent€possible€the€rights€and€interests€of€persons€affected€byÐ ( #& Ðadoption,€especially€those€of€the€adopted€persons,€which€are€specificallyÐ õ($' Ðprotected€by€the€constitutions€of€the€United€States€and€the€state€ofÐ å)€%( ÐTennessee€.€.€.€.ÐÕ*p&)` ì"` ì" ÐÌÌÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„101(a)€(1996€&€Supp.€1998).€€Moreover,€with€regard€to€the€Ð ¥-@), Ðdisclosure€of€records,€the€statute€expressly€provides:Ð …/ +. ÐÓÓÌÌà8 ` à[t]he€purpose€of€this€part€shall€also€be€to€favor€the€rights€of€adoptedÐ E3à.2 Ðpersons€or€other€persons€for€whom€any€closed€records€are€maintainedÐ 54Ð/3 Ðand€their€families€to€obtain€information€concerning€the€lives€of€thoseÐ %5À04 Ðpersons€òòand€to€permit€them€to€obtain€information€about€themselves€fromÐ 6°15 Ðthe€adoption€records,€sealed€records,€sealed€adoption€records,€or€post„Ð 7 26 Ðadoption€records€to€which€they€are€entitledóó,€but€also€to€recognize€theÐ õ737 Ðrights€of€parents€and€adopted€persons€not€to€be€contacted€by€the€personsÐ å8€48 Ðwho€obtain€such€information,€except€in€compliance€with€this€part.ÐÕ9p59` ì"` ì" ЇÌÓÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„101(c)€(emphasis€added).€€The€legislation€in€question€isÐ Uð Ðobviously€related€to€achieving€these€legitimate€goals,€which€the€General€Assembly€hasÐ 5Ð Ðfound€to€be€in€the€public€interest.Ð  ° ÐÌà ` àThe€second€and€third€factors€ð!ð€the€intentions€or€reasonable€expectations€ofÐ Õ p  Ðaffected€persons,€and€the€surprise€to€persons€who€had€relied€on€a€contrary€state€of€theÐ µP  Ðlaw€„„€are€obviously€related€to€some€degree.€€The€Court€of€Appealsðð€decision€largelyÐ •0  Ðfocused€on€its€conclusion€that€the€birth€parents€had€a€reasonable€expectation€ofÐ u Ðconfidentiality€based€on€the€law€as€it€existed€when€they€surrendered€their€children€forÐ Uð Ðadoption.€€In€our€view,€the€Court€of€Appealsðð€analysis€is€flawed€because€it€does€not€fullyÐ 5Ð Ðtake€into€account€the€history€of€adoption€laws€in€this€State.Ð ° ÐÌà ` àEarly€adoption€statutes€did€not€require€either€that€records€be€sealed€or€that€theÐ Õp Ðidentity€of€the€parties€remain€confidential.€€Later€amendments€to€the€statutes€providedÐ µP Ðthat€even€if€sealed,€records€could€be€disclosed€upon€a€request€by€an€adopted€personÐ •0 Ðand€a€judicial€finding€that€disclosure€was€in€the€best€interest€of€the€adopted€person€andÐ u! Ðthe€public.€€Still€other€amendments€enacted€in€1982€and€1985€permitted€disclosure€ofÐ U#ð! Ðinformation€under€certain€circumstances€even€without€a€judicial€finding.ò ò€€ó óThere€simplyÐ 5%Ð # Ðhas€never€been€an€absolute€guarantee€or€even€a€reasonable€expectation€by€the€birthÐ '°"% Ðparent€or€any€other€party€that€adoption€records€were€permanently€sealed.€€In€fact,Ð õ($' Ðreviewing€the€history€of€adoption€statutes€in€this€state€reveals€just€the€opposite.Ð Õ*p&) ÐAccordingly,€we€disagree€with€the€Court€of€Appealsðð€conclusion€that€the€plaintiffs€had€aÐ µ,P(+ Ðvested€right€in€the€confidentiality€of€records€concerning€their€cases€with€no€possibility€ofÐ •.0*- Ðdisclosure.׃,×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú5Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€òòCf.óó€òòMoultonóó,€511€S.W.2d€at€695„97€(finding€that€reasonable€expectationÐ u0,/ Ðunder€prior€law€was€impaired€by€retroactive€application€of€statute€reviving€an€otherwiseÐ U2ð-1 Ðbarred€cause€of€action).€Ð 54Ð/3 ÐÐ 6°15 Ðà ` àFinally,€we€conclude€that€the€1995€amendments€are€both€procedural€andÐ e Ðremedial.€€Under€former€statutes,€disclosure€of€records€required€a€judicial€determinationÐ Eà Ðthat€disclosure€was€in€the€best€interest€of€the€adopted€person€and€the€public.€€UponÐ %À Ðsuch€a€determination,€there€was€no€requirement€that€the€birth€parents€or€otherÐ    Ðindividuals€be€notified€or€have€the€option€to€register€a€ð ðvetoðð€preventing€contact.€€TheÐ å € Ðnew€law,€on€the€other€hand,€reflects€the€legislatureððs€view€that€the€disclosure€of€recordsÐ Å `  Ðis€in€the€best€interest€of€the€adopted€person€and€the€public.€€It€mandates€disclosure€ofÐ ¥@  Ðrecords€if€requested€by€an€adopted€person€21€years€of€age€or€older,€yet,€unlike€priorÐ …  Ðlaw,€balances€disclosure€by€allowing€a€ð ðvetoðð€that€prevents€contact€with€the€adoptedÐ e Ðperson.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„130€(1996).€€It€does€not€create€new€rights€or€allowÐ Eà Ðaccess€to€any€records€that€previously€were€not€to€be€released.€€In€sum,€we€believe€thatÐ %À Ðthese€new€methods€and€standards€for€disclosure€are€procedural€in€nature€and€reflectÐ   Ðthe€legislatureððs€effort€to€create€legislation€that€advances€the€best€interest€of€adoptedÐ å€ Ðpersons€and€the€public.€€€Ð Å` ÐÌà ` àAccordingly,€we€have€considered€the€public€interest€advanced€by€the€1995Ð …  Ðlegislation,€the€reasonable€expectations€of€persons€affected€by€the€legislation,€theÐ e"  Ðsurprise€to€persons€relying€on€the€statutory€provisions€in€effect€prior€to€the€effectiveÐ E$à" Ðdate€of€this€legislation,€and€the€extent€to€which€the€new€law€is€procedural€or€remedial€inÐ %&À!$ Ðnature.€€We€conclude€that€retrospective€application€of€the€legislation€now€codified€inÐ ( #& ÐTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„127(c)€does€not€impair€the€vested€rights€of€the€plaintiffs€inÐ å)€%( Ðviolation€of€article€I,€section€20€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution.€€€Ð Å+`'* Ðà ` àÌà@++'&àò òòòRight€to€Privacyó óˆÐ …/ +. Ðóóà ` àThe€plaintiffs€assert€that€disclosure€pursuant€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„127(c)òòÐ e1-0 Ðóóviolates€their€right€to€privacy€under€article€I,€sections€1,€3,€and€20,€and€article€XI,Ð E3à.2 Ðsection€8€of€the€Tennessee€Constitution.€€They€allege€that€the€statute€invades€theÐ %5À04 Ðrights€of€familial€and€procreational€privacy,€as€well€as€the€right€to€non„disclosure€ofÐ 7 26 Ðpersonal€information.€Ð å8€48 Їà ` àIn€òòDavis€v.€Davisóó,€842€S.W.2d€588€(Tenn.€1992),€we€recognized€that,€although€aÐ e Ðright€to€privacy€is€not€mentioned€in€either€the€federal€or€Tennessee€Constitutions,Ð Eà Ðð ðthere€can€be€little€doubt€about€its€grounding€in€the€concept€of€liberty€reflected€in€thoseÐ %À Ðtwo€documents.ðð€€òòId.óó€at€598.€€We€observed€that€ð ðthe€notion€of€individual€liberty€is€.€.€.Ð    Ðdeeply€embedded€in€the€Tennessee€Constitutionðð€and€concluded€ð ðthat€there€is€a€rightÐ å € Ðof€individual€privacy€guaranteed€under€and€protected€by€the€liberty€clauses€of€theÐ Å `  ÐTennessee€Declaration€of€Rights.ðð€€òòId.óó€at€599,€600.€€Although€Tennesseeððs€right€ofÐ ¥@  Ðprivacy€incorporates€some€of€the€features€of€the€right€to€privacy€under€the€federalÐ …  Ðconstitution,€we€are€free€to€extend€greater€protection€in€applying€our€own€stateÐ e Ðconstitution.€€òòId.óó€at€600.Ð Eà ÐÌà ` àAs€the€plaintiffs€argue,€and€the€State€concedes,€the€right€to€privacy€under€theÐ   ÐTennessee€Constitution€includes€the€right€of€procreation.€€òòId.óó€€The€right€to€privacy€alsoÐ å€ Ðencompasses€ð ðthe€right€of€parents€to€care€for€their€children€without€unwarranted€stateÐ Å` Ðintervention.ðð€€òòHawk€v.€Hawkóó,€855€S.W.2d€573,€579€(Tenn.€1993).€€These€rights€underÐ ¥@ Ðour€state€constitution€are€likewise€reflected€in€the€United€States€Constitution.€€òòE.g.óó,Ð …  ÐòòBellotti€v.€Bairdóó,€443€U.S.€622,€634,€99€S.€Ct.€3035,€3043,€61€L.€Ed.€2d€797€(1979);€òòRoeÐ e"  Ðv.€Wadeóó,€410€U.S.€113,€152,€93€S.€Ct.€705,€726,€35€L.€Ed.€2d€147€(1973).€Ð E$à" ÐÌà ` àThe€plaintiffs€argue€that€disclosure€of€adoption€records€invades€the€rights€toÐ ( #& Ðfamilial€privacy€by€impeding€a€birth€parentððs€freedom€to€determine€whether€to€raise€aÐ å)€%( Ðfamily€and€disrupting€both€biological€and€adoptive€families€by€releasing€identifyingÐ Å+`'* Ðinformation€previously€sealed.€€We€disagree.Ð ¥-@), ÐÌà ` àThe€disclosure€provisions€reflect€the€legislatureððs€determination€that€allowingÐ e1-0 Ðlimited€access€to€adoption€records€is€in€the€best€interest€of€both€adopted€persons€andÐ E3à.2 Ðthe€public.€€The€provisions€do€not,€however,€allow€unfettered€access€in€disregard€of€theÐ %5À04 Ðsensitivities€and€privacy€interests€involved.€€To€the€contrary,€disclosure€is€limited€to€anÐ 7 26 Ðadopted€individual€or€that€individualððs€legal€representative,€21€years€of€age€or€older.€Ð å8€48 ÐMoreover,€extensive€provisions€are€included€to€allow€a€birth€parent€or€other€relatedÐ e Ðindividual€to€register€a€ð ðcontact€vetoðð€and€eliminate€or€reduce€the€risk€that€disclosure€ofÐ Eà Ðidentifying€information€will€have€a€disruptive€effect€upon€the€lives€of€the€biological€andÐ %À Ðadoptive€families.׃/×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú6Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Similarly,€the€plaintiffsðð€disruption€argument€is€dubious€in€that€it€isÐ    Ðpredicated€upon€a€speculative€risk€of€disruption€that€may€or€may€not€occur€a€minimumÐ å € Ðof€21€years€after€the€adoption€occurs.€€In€short,€the€statute€does€not€impede€traditionalÐ Å `  Ðfamilial€privacy€rights€such€as€marrying,€having€children,€or€raising€children.€€€Ð ¥@  ÐÌà ` àThe€plaintiffs€also€argue€that€disclosure€impedes€the€right€to€procreationalÐ e Ðprivacy€by€impeding€the€birth€parentsðð€decision€of€whether€to€carry€a€child€to€term.€€WeÐ Eà Ðagain€disagree.à  àÐ %À ÐÌà ` àThe€decision€of€whether€to€carry€a€pregnancy€to€term€implicates€privacy€rightsÐ å€ Ðunder€the€federal€and€state€constitutions.€€òòDavisóó,€842€S.W.2d€at€601.€€This€decisionÐ Å` Ðdiffers€fundamentally€from€the€decision€of€whether€to€surrender€a€child€for€adoption.€€Ð ¥@ ÐThe€right€of€adoption€is€statutory.€€It€was€created€to€protect€the€interests€of€childrenÐ …  Ðwhose€parents€are€unable€or€unwilling€to€provide€for€their€care,€òòYoung€v.€Smithóó,€191Ð e"  ÐTenn.€25,€33,€231€S.W.2d€365,€369€(1950),€and€not€to€advance€a€procreational€right€toÐ E$à" Ðprivacy€of€the€biological€parent.€€€Although€the€prospect€of€having€the€records€of€theÐ %&À!$ Ðadoption€released€to€the€child€21€years€later€may€have€some€bearing€on€the€decision,€itÐ ( #& Ðis€far€too€speculative€to€conclude€that€it€interferes€with€the€right€to€procreational€privacy.€Ð å)€%( ЀMoreover,€the€prospect€of€disclosure€under€the€legislation€at€issue€in€this€case€isÐ Å+`'* Ðnothing€new;€as€already€discussed,€disclosure€has€long€been€permitted€in€some€formÐ ¥-@), Ðunder€Tennessee€statutory€law.€€Ð …/ +. ÐÌà ` àFinally,€the€plaintiffs€contend€that€disclosure€violates€a€privacy€right€to€non„Ð E3à.2 Ðdisclosure€of€personal€information.€€We€have€held,€however,€that€the€confidentiality€ofÐ %5À04 Ðrecords€is€a€statutory€matter€left€to€the€legislature.€€òòE.g.óó,€òòTennessean€v.€Electric€PowerÐ 7 26 ÐÑïO Ñâ âÑeeÑâ âÑ  ÑBd.€of€Nashvilleóó,€979€S.W.2d€297,€300„01€(Tenn.€1998);€òòsee€alsoóó€òòThompson€v.Ð e ÐReynoldsóó,€858€S.W.2d€328€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1993).€€Absent€a€fundamental€right€or€otherÐ Eà Ðcompelling€reason,€we€reject€the€invitation€to€extend€constitutional€protection€to€theÐ %À Ðnon„disclosure€of€personal€information.׃0×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú7Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Ð    ÐÌà@††*&àòòò òCONCLUSIONóóˆÐ Å `  Ðó óà ` àWe€conclude€that€the€disclosure€of€adoption€records€as€provided€in€1995€Tenn.Ð ¥@  ÐPub.€Acts,€ch.€523,€codified€at€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„127(c),€does€not€impair€theÐ …  Ðplaintiffsðð€vested€rights€in€violation€of€article€I,€section€20€of€the€Tennessee€ConstitutionÐ e Ðand€does€not€violate€the€plaintiffsðð€right€to€privacy€under€the€Tennessee€Constitution.€€Ð Eà ÐAccordingly,€we€reverse€the€judgment€of€the€Court€of€Appeals€and€reinstate€theÐ %À Ðjudgment€of€the€trial€court.€€The€stay€granted€by€the€Court€of€Appeals€prohibiting€theÐ   Ðrelease€of€adoption€records€under€the€provisions€of€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€36„1„127(c)€isÐ å€ Ðlifted.Ð Å` ÐÌà ` àCosts€of€appeal€are€taxed€to€the€appellees,€for€which€execution€shall€issue€ifÐ …  Ðnecessary.Ð e"  ÐÌÓÓà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à________________________________Ð %&À!$ Ðà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àRILEY€ANDERSON,€CHIEF€JUSTICEÐ '°"% ÐÌÌÌÌò òCONCUR:Ð Å+`'* ÐÌó óDrowota,€Birch,€Holder,€and€Barker,€JJ.€€Ð ¥-@), ÐÌ