ÿWPCõ …# VUNa %¯ 0(µw@Ý4 1 b@ 0§H 0Dï U:3 ¾m 0J+ 0Tu 0^É 0h' 0r 0| 0†} 0 1u“ 0d BlU>‰ D3ÇU*úU*$ 0@NB)ŽDC· AMúÞGH%’mv~ÿvÓ} AOPÆŸ 0De D/© BؘHP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÈÚØÚÚØÈÚ0nLHÎ(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡ k PlEmnDoPpDqDrPsÓ€}DÒ 3|x- ù-(W(2bE$¤¤Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÔ€ô9£ôXXÔÒ4°ÒÒ„°Òà Œ àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó"Arial RegularLawrenceburgHardin arteriographicDorlandMcMinnvilleSumnerKrickSevier2 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)P ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓ d< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman""""'ÿÿdxd< Œ 9p`(Times< Œ 9p`(Arial("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò% Line 7 d....7Border 1dd€-/Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ÔÝ ƒ!ÝÔ€)ÔÝ  ÝÔ€,ÔÔ€,ÔÓ  Óò òÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€,XÔÌÌMay€12,€1997ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔ  Ôó ó >Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€)ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $ÝÔ€)ôÔÒ 4 ÒÒ „ Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€,Ô€Angina€pectoris€was€defined€as€chest€pain€due€to€insufficient€blood€supply€reaching€anÏarea€of€the€heart.Ì ˆÝ ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€)ÔÝ  ÝÝ ƒ $ÝÔ€)ôÔÒ 4 ÒÒ „ Òà àòòÚ  ÚÚ  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ€,Ô€Hyperlipidemia€is€a€general€term€denoting€elevated€concentrations€of€fat€in€the€plasma.€ÏTaylor,€Elizabeth€J.,€òòDorlandððs€Illustrated€Medical€Dictionaryóó€(œ27th›€Ed.€1988).ÌPtPtHHÚ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHÚ(d'hStyl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  h HD: Geneva ÒÒ  h HD: Geneva Ò€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€)ÔÝ  ÝÑ  ÑÒ 4 ÒÒ ° ÒÒ 4 ÒÒ „ ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑØ ØÓ&€Ðd&ÓÓ&€++XÐd&ÓÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€,Ô›Þ ÞÌà@ àIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€œTENNESSEEÌ›Ìà@ àAT€NASHVILLEÓÓÌÌÓÓœà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òòòFOR€PUBLICATIONó óóóÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àò òòòFiled:€€May€12,€1997ó óóóÌÌLARRY›€KRICK,à àà àà àà àœ)›Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àPlaintiff„Appellant,à àà àà à)€€€œ€€€€LAWRENCE€COUNTY›€œÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)ÌVs.›à àà àà àà àà àà àœ)€€€€€€€HON.€JIM€T.€HAMILTON,Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àà àJUDGEÌCITY€OF€LAWRENCEBURG,à àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àDefendant„Appellee.à àà à)€€€€€No.€01S01„9511„CV„00220ÌÌÌÌÌ›Ìòòò òÓ#` ܇Xœx‘X#ÓFor€Plaintiff/Appellantóó:à àà àà àà àòòà àFor€Defendant/Appelleeóó:ó óÌÌœBen›€œBostonà àà àà àà àà àà àà àJames€A.€Hooper›ÌœChristopher›€V.€œSockwellà àà àà àà àà àHopper€&€Plunk,€P.C.›ÌœBoston,›€Bates€&€œHoltà àà àà àà àà àSavannah,€Tennessee›ÌœLawrenceburg,›€Tennessee̜ـ€ÙßR€01/A1-j|ýë¥` ç `€€@ÿRß›ÌÌÌœÌÌ›ÌÌÌò òÔ€,„Ôà@ àòòO€P€I€N€I€O€Nó óÌÔ€,XÔÌœÌÌÌ›ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌóóJUDGMENT€OF€TRIAL€œCOURT›ÌREVERSED;€CASE€œDISMISSED.à€ àANDERSON,€J.›ÇÑ ° ÑÓÓÑ  ÑÑ€ ÑÑ7€§¢XXdæXXdì7Ñà àWe€granted€the€motion€for€review€to€determine€whether€a€policemanððsÏcoronary€artery€disease€arose€out€of€his€employment€for€the€City€ofÏLawrenceburg.€€The€Lawrence€County€Circuit€Court€found€that€the€police€officerÏsustained€a€compensable€injury€in€the€course€and€scope€of€his€employmentÏwith€the€City€of€Lawrenceburg.€€On€appeal,€the€Special€Workersðð€CompensationÏPanel€reversed€and€dismissed€the€case,€finding€no€compensable€injury.€€AfterÏcarefully€examining€the€record,€we€affirm€the€Panelððs€findings€of€fact€andÏconclusions€of€law.€€The€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€reversed€and€the€caseÏdismissed.ÌÌà@ àòòò òBACKGROUNDó óóóÌà àThe€proof€is€summarized€as€follows:ÌÌà àThe€plaintiff,€Larry€Krick,€aged€44,€worked€as€a€police€officer€for€the€City€ofÏLawrenceburg€since€1981.€€On€August€24,€1993,€Krick€was€on€routine€patrolÏwhen€he€received€a€call€that€a€woman€had€been€shot€and€that€her€husband€wasÏholding€a€weapon€on€her.€€Krick€and€another€police€officer€went€to€the€residenceÏof€the€woman€and€kicked€in€the€front€door€to€gain€access€to€the€house.€€As€theyÏentered€the€house,€Krick€drew€his€revolver.€€He€and€his€fellow€officer€could€onlyÏsee€about€two€feet€in€front€of€them,€because€the€house€was€littered€with€boxesÏand€debris.€€The€officers€were€forced€to€crawl€through€the€house€to€try€to€find€theÏwoman€because€of€the€accumulated€boxes.€€They€found€the€woman€in€a€backÍbedroom€lying€on€the€bed.€€The€woman€had€not€been€shot.€€No€one€else€was€inÏthe€house.€€ÌÌà àAfter€the€incident,€Krick€said€that€he€was€ð ðnervousðð€and€ð ðtense.ðð€€HeÏexperienced€shortness€of€breath€and€had€chest€pain.€€Krick€reported€the€pain€toÏhis€supervisor,€who€advised€him€to€seek€medical€attention.€€Krick€then€went€toÏBaptist€Hospital€in€Nashville,€where€he€was€seen€by€Dr.€Charles€Mayes,€aÏcardiologist.€€Dr.€Mayes€diagnosed€coronary€artery€disease.€€Krick€laterÏunderwent€quadruple€bypass€surgery€performed€by€Dr.€Robert€Hardin,€aÏcardiovascular€surgeon.€€After€approximately€nine€weeks,€Krick€returned€toÏwork.€€After€returning€to€work,€Krick€was€promoted€to€lieutenant,€and€one€monthÏbefore€the€trial,€he€was€promoted€to€captain.€€At€the€time€of€the€trial,€Krick€wasÏthe€second€ranking€police€officer€on€the€Lawrenceburg€force€and€handledÏadministration€for€the€department€when€the€chief€of€police€was€absent.€€ÌÌà àKrick€testified€that€he€had€never€been€told€that€he€had€coronary€arteryÏdisease€prior€to€August€1993.€€He€said€that€he€had€some€hypertension,€whichÏhe€described€as€a€ð ðborderline€thing.ðð€€Krick€was€on€medication€for€the€highÏblood€pressure,€and€stated€that€it€was€under€control€most€of€the€time.€€He€alsoÏsaid€that€he€had€successfully€passed€physical€examinations€before€going€toÏwork€for€the€police€department€in€July€1981.€€Approximately€one€week€prior€toÏthe€incident€on€August€24,€1993,€Krick€became€extremely€hot€and€experiencedÏshortness€of€breath,€but€no€chest€pain,€while€mowing€grass€along€a€riverbank.€ÍHe€had€to€lie€down€in€a€recliner€until€he€cooled€off.€€He€then€resumed€mowingÏthe€yard.€ÌÌà àThe€medical€proof€consisted€of€the€testimony€of€several€physicians€byÏdeposition€and€is€summarized€as€follows:€€ÌÌà àDr.€Haresh€H.€Khatri,€a€doctor€of€internal€medicine,€testified€that€he€hadÏtreated€the€plaintiff€since€1988€and€that€he€had€prescribed€medication€for€KrickððsÏhypertension.€€He€further€stated€that€the€plaintiff€smoked€one€to€two€packs€ofÏcigarettes€per€day,€and€as€early€as€1991,€he€had€diagnosed€the€plaintiff€asÏhaving€high€cholesterol.€€When€asked€whether€Krickððs€occupation€as€a€policeÏofficer€caused€the€blocked€arteries,€which€resulted€in€the€plaintiff€experiencingÏangina× ƒ2 ××  ×,€Dr.€Khatri€stated€that€the€plaintiff€had€several€risk€factors€for€coronaryÏartery€disease,€including€smoking,€hypertension€and€elevated€cholesterol.€€HeÏfurther€stated€that€activity€generally€does€not€cause€coronary€artery€disease,€butÏactivity€can€bring€on€a€heart€attack€or€angina,€a€symptom€of€blockage€of€theÏarteries.€€He€finally€conceded€that€he€did€not€know€what€part€job€stress€played€inÏthe€plaintiffððs€heart€disease.ÌÌà àDr.€H.€L.€Thomas,€a€family€practitioner,€testified€that€he€had€treated€KrickÏsince€1978€and€had€not€found€any€evidence€that€the€plaintiff€had€coronary€arteryÍdisease.€€He€stated€that,€in€his€opinion,€stress€could€lead€to€a€coronary€spasm,Ïwhich€could€cause€a€complete€blockage€of€the€arteries.€€He€stated€that€activityÏdoes€not€cause€coronary€artery€disease,€but€could€cause€a€coronary€spasm.€€ÌÌà àDr.€Robert€Hardin,€the€surgeon€who€performed€Krickððs€bypass€surgery,Ïtestified€that€prior€to€the€surgery€Krick€had€a€90€percent€blockage€of€the€left€mainÏartery,€70€percent€blockage€of€the€mid„left€anterior€descending€artery,€80Ïpercent€blockage€of€the€first€obtuse€marginal€artery,€and€complete€occlusion€ofÏthe€right€coronary€artery.€€He€also€testified€that€there€were€multiple€factorsÏinvolved€in€Krickððs€coronary€artery€disease,€and€that€stress€was€one€of€theÏfactors.€€Dr.€Hardin€testified€that€after€his€recovery,€Krick€had€sustained€a€15Ïpercent€impairment€based€on€the€Fourth€Edition€of€the€òòGuidelines€to€PermanentÏImpairmentóó,€published€by€the€American€Medical€Association.€€ÌÌà àDr.€Laurence€A.€Grossman,€a€Nashville€cardiologist,€did€not€treat€Krick,Ïbut€reviewed€his€medical€records€and€the€depositions€of€the€plaintiff€and€Drs.ÏKhatri€and€Hardin.€€Dr.€Grossman€stated€that€the€plaintiff€had€ð ðlong„standingÏcoronary€heart€disease,ðð€as€demonstrated€by€the€cardiac€catheterization€andÏcoronary€arteriographic€study€performed€by€Dr.€Mayes.€€€€He€testified€that€theÏthree€main€factors€establishing€coronary€heart€disease€are€cigarette€smoking,Ïhypertension,€and€hyperlipidemiaœ× ƒ3 ××  ×›.€€Dr.€Grossman€emphasized€that€Krick€didÍnot€have€a€heart€attack,€but€had€severe€angina,€which€resulted€from€the€blockedÏarteries.€€Dr.€Grossman€testified€that€the€August€24,€1993€incident€did€not€causeÏor€aggravate€Krickððs€coronary€artery€disease.€€The€stress€may€have€aggravatedÏthe€symptoms€of€the€disease,€the€angina,€but€did€not€cause€the€disease.ÌÌà àAfter€considering€the€evidence,€the€trial€court€found€that€Krickððs€coronaryÏartery€disease€arose€out€of€and€in€the€course€and€scope€of€his€employment,€and€Ïthat€he€had€sustained€a€37€ðð€percent€vocational€occupational€disability.€€ÌÌà àOn€appeal,€the€Special€Workersðð€Compensation€Appeals€Panel€foundÏthat€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€finding€that€the€plaintiffððs€coronaryÏartery€disease€arose€out€of€his€employment.€€The€Panel€therefore€reversed€andÏdismissed€the€case.€€We€granted€the€motion€for€full€court€review€and€now€affirmÏthe€Panelððs€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law€for€the€reasons€articulatedÏbelow.ÌÌà@ àòòò òCOMPENSABLE€INJURYÌó óóóà àIn€workersðð€compensation€cases,€the€scope€of€review€in€this€Court€onÏissues€of€fact€is€òòde€novoóó€upon€the€record€of€the€trial€court,€accompanied€by€aÏpresumption€of€the€correctness€of€the€findings,€unless€the€preponderance€of€theÏevidence€is€otherwise.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€50„6„225(e)(2)(Supp.€1996);€òòLollarÏv.€Wal„Mart€Stores,€Incóó.,€767€S.W.2d€143€(Tenn.€1989).€€ConsiderableÏdeference€must€be€accorded€the€trial€courtððs€factual€findings€on€issues€related€toÍthe€credibility€of€witnesses€and€the€weight€to€be€given€their€testimony.€ÏòòHumphrey€v.€David€Witherspoon,€Incóó.,€734€S.W.2d€315€(Tenn.€1987).€€However,Ïwhere€the€issues€involve€expert€medical€testimony€and€all€the€medical€proof€isÏcontained€in€the€record€by€deposition,€as€it€is€in€this€case,€then€this€Court€mayÏdraw€its€own€conclusions€about€the€weight€and€credibility€of€that€testimony,Ïsince€we€are€in€the€same€position€as€the€trial€judge.€€òòOrman€v.€WilliamsÏSonoma,€Inc.óó,€803€S.W.2d€672,€676„77€(Tenn.€1991).€€With€these€principles€inÏmind,€we€review€the€record€to€determine€whether€the€evidence€preponderatesÏagainst€the€findings€of€the€trial€court.òòò òÌó óóóÌà àIn€support€of€his€position€that€his€heart€disease€was€an€accidental€injuryÏsuffered€during€the€course€of€his€employment,€Krick€relies€upon€the€statutoryÏpresumption€of€causation€contained€in€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€7„51„201(a)(1).€€TheÏstatute€ð ðœestablishe[s›]€a€presumption€that€any€impairment€of€health€of€[a]€lawÏenforcement€officer[€]€caused€by€hypertension€or€heart€disease€resulting€inÏhospitalization,€medical€treatment€or€any€disability,€shall€be€presumed€(unlessÏthe€contrary€is€shown€by€competent€medical€evidence)€to€have€occurred€or€to€beÏdue€to€accidental€injury€suffered€in€the€course€of€employment.ðð€€In€order€to€relyÏupon€the€presumption€created€by€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€7„51„201(a)(1),€Krick€mustÏshow€that€(1)€he€was€employed€by€a€regular€law€enforcement€department;€(2)Ïhe€suffered€from€hypertension€or€heart€disease€resulting€in€hospitalization,Ïmedical€treatment€or€disability€in€the€course€of€employment;€and€(3)€prior€to€theÏinjury€he€had€been€given€a€physical€examination€which€did€not€reveal€the€heartÍdisease€or€hypertension.€€òòStone€v.€City€of€McMinnvilleóó,€896€S.W.2d€548,€550Ï(Tenn.€1995).€€Once€the€prerequisites€are€established,€then€the€presumptionÏexists.€€In€order€to€overcome€the€presumption,€ð ðthere€must€be€affirmativeÏevidence€that€there€is€not€a€substantial€causal€connection€between€the€work€ofÏthe€employee€so€situated€and€the€occurrence€upon€which€the€claim€for€benefitsÏis€based.ðð€€òòIdóó.€€òòSeeóó€òòalsoóó€òòœWingert›€v.€Government€of€Sumner€Countyóó,€908€S.W.2dÏ921€(Tenn.€1995).€€In€other€words,€there€must€be€ð ðcompetent€medical€evidenceððÏthat€there€is€a€not€a€substantial€causal€connection.ÌÌà àIn€this€case,€the€record€establishes€the€three€prerequisites€necessary€toÏestablish€the€presumption€that€the€coronary€artery€disease€was€an€accidentalÏinjury€suffered€in€the€course€of€employment.€€Clearly,€Krick€was€a€police€officerÏand€he€suffered€the€angina€in€the€course€of€his€work.€€Moreover,€he€testified€thatÏhe€had€never€been€told,€despite€several€physical€examinations,€that€he€sufferedÏfrom€coronary€artery€disease.€€ÌÌà àThe€issue€in€this€case,€therefore,€is€whether€there€is€competent€medical€Ïevidence€that€there€is€not€a€substantial€causal€connection€between€Krickððs€workÏas€a€police€officer€and€the€coronary€artery€disease.€€We€agree€with€the€SpecialÏPanel€that€there€is.€€Accordingly,€the€defendant€has€overcome€the€presumptionÏof€causation.€€ÌÌà àIn€this€case,€Dr.€Grossman,€a€qualified€cardiologist,€stated€that€job€stressÏplayed€no€role€in€Krickððs€coronary€artery€disease.€€He€stated€that€the€diseaseÏwas€caused€by€cigarette€smoking,€hypertension,€and€hyperlipidemia.€€ThisÏtestimony€is€affirmative€evidence€that€there€is€not€a€substantial€causalÏconnection€between€Krickððs€work€and€his€heart€disease.€€Moreover,€we€note€thatÏthe€heart€disease€consisted€of€one€completely€blocked€and€three€substantiallyÏblocked€coronary€arteries.€€Dr.€œGrossman›€testified€that€it€was€apparent€from€theÏtests€performed€by€Dr.€œMayes›€that€the€disease€was€long„standing.€€The€chestÏpain€experienced€by€the€plaintiff€at€the€time€of€the€August€24,€1993€call€was€aÏsymptom€of€the€heart€disease,€not€the€disease€itself.€€Moreover,€it€defiesÏcommon€sense€to€assume€that€Krickððs€arteries€became€occluded€as€a€result€ofÏthe€stress€involved€in€the€August€1993€call.ÌÌà àAs€the€Special€Panel€recognized,€once€the€presumption€of€causationÏestablished€by€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€7„51„201(a)(1)€is€rebutted€by€the€defendant,Ïit€disappears,€and€the€plaintiff€must€prove,€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidence,Ïthat€his€condition€resulted€from€an€injury€by€accident€arising€out€of€and€in€theÏcourse€of€his€employment.€€Thus,€Krick€was€required€to€prove€that€his€heartÏdisease€was€an€injury€by€accident.ÌÌà àOccupational€disease€is€an€injury€by€accident.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€50„6„102(a)(5).€€Accordingly,€in€this€case,€Krickððs€heart€disease€is€deemed€to€be€anÏoccupational€disease€if€it€arose€out€of€and€in€the€course€of€his€employment.€ÍHowever,€heart€disease€arises€out€of€employment€only€if€(1)€the€disease€can€beÏdetermined€to€have€followed€as€a€natural€incident€of€the€work€as€a€result€of€theÏexposure€occasioned€by€the€nature€of€the€employment,€€(2)€it€can€be€fairlyÏtraced€to€the€employment€as€a€proximate€cause,€(3)€it€has€not€originated€from€aÏhazard€to€which€the€worker€would€have€been€equally€exposed€outside€of€theÏemployment,€(4)€it€is€incidental€to€the€character€of€the€employment€and€notÏindependent€of€the€relation€of€employer€and€employee,€(5)€it€originated€from€aÏrisk€connected€with€the€employment€and€flowed€from€that€source€as€a€naturalÏconsequence,€though€it€need€not€have€been€foreseen€or€expected€prior€to€itsÏcontraction,€and€(6)€there€is€a€direct€causal€connection€between€the€diseaseÏand€conditions€under€which€the€work€is€performed.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð50„6„301.ÌÌà àWe€find€that€the€evidence€preponderates€against€a€finding€that€KrickððsÏheart€disease€arose€in€the€course€and€scope€of€his€employment.€€The€medicalÏevidence€does€not€establish€a€causal€connection€between€the€conditions€ofÏKrickððs€work€and€his€coronary€artery€disease.€€Indeed,€the€evidence€establishesÏthat€the€disease€was€instead€primarily€caused€by€hypertension,€cigaretteÏsmoking,€and€hyperlipidemia.€€ÌÌà àWe€have€held€that€heart€attacks€are€generally€compensable€asÏaccidental€injuries€when€they€are€precipitated€by€physical€exertion€or€strain€or€aÏspecific€incident€or€series€of€incidents€involving€mental€or€emotional€stress€of€anÍunusual€or€abnormal€nature.€€òòBacon€v.€Sevier€Countyóó,€808€S.W.2d€46€(Tenn.Ï1991);€òòStone€v.€City€of€McMinnvilleóó,€òòsupraóó.€€The€key€to€recovery€in€instancesÏwhere€it€is€alleged€that€physical€activity€caused€the€heart€attack,€is€whether€ð ðtheÏdisabling€heart€attack€is€precipitated€by€the€physical€activity€or€exertion€orÏphysical€strain€of€the€employeeððs€job.ðð€€òòId.óó€at€552,€quoting€òòBaconóó,€808€S.W.2d€atÏ50.€€In€instances€where€the€plaintiff€asserts€that€emotional€stress€caused€theÏheart€attack,€the€disabling€condition€ð ðmust€be€immediately€precipitated€by€aÏspecific€acute€or€sudden€stressful€event.ðð€€òòStone€v.€City€of€McMinnvilleóó,€896ÏS.W.2d€at€552,€quoting€òòBaconóó,€808€S.W.2d€at€52.ÌÌà àIn€this€case,€Krick€did€not€experience€a€heart€attack;€he€experiencedÏangina,€a€symptom€of€heart€disease.€€The€angina€may€have€been€caused€by€theÏstress€of€the€August€1993€incident;€however,€Krickððs€disability€arose€from€theÏheart€disease,€not€the€chest€pain.€€The€medical€proof€preponderates€against€aÏfinding€that€the€heart€disease€was€precipitated€by€the€August€1993€incident.€ÏThus,€Krick€has€failed€to€establish€the€compensability€of€his€heart€disease.ÌÌà@ àòòò òCONCLUSIONó óóóÌà àWe€therefore€conclude€that€the€evidence€in€this€record€preponderatesÏagainst€the€trial€courtððs€finding€that€Krick€sustained€a€compensable€injury€byÏaccident.€€The€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€reversed€and€the€case€dismissed.€ÏCosts€on€appeal€are€taxed€to€the€plaintiff/appellant.ÌÓÓÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ìóóà àà àà àà àà àà àE.€RILEY€ANDERSON,€JUSTICEÌÌÌò òConcur:ó óÌBirch,€C.J.ÌReid€and€Holder,€JJ.ÌÌDrowota,€J.,€Not€ParticipatingÌÌÌ