WPC| LWW3W"Rz?kJ=&43ؠ7壆>ᑃlNy(mePH؀Ϯ4o#QTN8[ 4,}"Q^ISvԅi>+mϲ(Zk?;?Octlj= am䨘LHWÓ"纅XlV8c` /la&HO~9vq{ Q Y%ZF׍md J?EZ}0v2WHmЃ2 NQ+ g aI0W#v/d )tnު>.N4ru2>tQi+`gBbp :K;{E,IzQ!UQã?;.A & Uu}M&}dFEPȴi,8%d v*# LU:W % 0w4 0&U : B* 0Dl  e UN U : AQJ U :  U:      BNk 0D1 0Du 0D D/ B, D3IHP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLl,  AZ"Arial RegularX(`zZ$TRY,3' Letter3'3' Letter3'T   g t6EDDUDEDDDE Ӏ*F&3|x*((2$ zZ!TRX3' Letter3'3'*Avery 5165 Full Sheet3'T   XUXXX4weXXU   0  ,  AZ"Arial Regularc:\office\wpwin\template\opn.wpt(#$  0   (hH  Z 6Times New Roman Regular,kAZ"Arial Regular!"#$&C<< C,kAZ"Arial Regular ""  XUXXXkr XXU   Ad FILEDXUX kr  June1,1999CecilCrowson,Jr.AppellateCourtClerkdAh ,cAZ"Arial Regular  {!$  XUYXXX4jXXUY   1    Aggravatedassaultoccurswhenthedefendantusingaweaponintentionallyorknowingly  causesanothertoreasonablyfearimminentbodilyinjury.Tenn.CodeAnn. jj XUYX j#XUYXX XUY_# XUYXXXUY# jX XUY~# XUYX j#XUYXX XUY##jXXUY#Ԁ3913101,102. {!$  XXXX4IQXX   1     dLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !  (3$ !  ($$   1  ((' dxdP Pd 'dxd zZ!TRX3' Letter3'3'*Avery 5165 Full Sheet3'T   ݚ4TR[A' LegalX3' LetterA' Legal3'Letter ManualT  7XXdd7    1.XX "*US \\ (:!&)*XUXXX #XXIQ#   7 p? XXdXXd7 TR[A'Legal ManualX3' LetterA' Legal3'*Avery 5165 Full SheetT* r)<,(j 8` `@E ` 8ttxP,  r ***@PPDINTHESUPREMECOURTOFTENNESSEE@*DATJACKSON*t)>.*jxE` `@E % ` 8ttxP  E t*. zG:\IB013S2\OPINION\ACTIVE\LANGFORD\CIRC\RELEASED\LANGFORD.OPNG:\IB013S2\OPINION\ACTIVE\LANGFORD\CIRC\RELEASED\LANGFORD.OPN/     <      D   FORPUBLICATION    <      D   Filed: 򀀀June1,1999T$T$MT$ @8  STATEOFTENNESSEE,@##/D)   @##/D) PLAINTIFF/APPELLANTEE,@##/D)  SHELBYCRIMINAL  @##/D)v.@##/D)  Hon.ArthurT.Bennett,Judge \T @##/D)GEORGELANGFORD,@##/D)  No.02S019806CR00061 (  @##/D) DEFENDANT/APPELLantEEANT.@##/D)  FORDEFENDANT/APPELLANTEE: D  D FORPLAINTIFF/APPELLANTEE: >"6 04X` XpXX0W.MARKWARD <      D JOHNKNOXWALKUP  $  AssistantShelbyCounty     D AttorneyGeneral&Reporter $! PublicDefenderMemphis  <      D MICHAELE.MOORE &#  `   <      D SolicitorGeneralA.C.WHARTON,JR.ShelbyCountyPublicDefender   D ELIZABETHT.RYAN n)f"& Memphis  <      D AssistantAttorneyGeneral T*L#'  `   <      D Nashville@ss)D lXXUOPINION #XUXl#Ԉ j2b+0 AFFIRMED  CT$HOLDER,J.  l8d16( 94XpX4X` XpX9@,D OPINION    Wegrantedthisappealtodecidewhether:(1)theevidencewassufficienttoconvictthedefendantofaggravatedburglaryandfelonymurdercommittedduringtheperpetrationofanaggravatedburglary;and(2)thetrialcourterredinfailingtoinstructthejuryastocriminaltrespass.Weholdthattheevidencewassufficienttoconvictthedefendantandthatthetrialcourtdidnoterrinfailingtoinstructthejuryoncriminaltrespass.Accordingly,thejudgmentoftheCourtofCriminalAppealsaffirmingthedefendantsconvictionsisaffirmed.    BACKGROUND    $XUXXXU IntheearlymorninghoursofApril10,1995,thedefendantGeorge  Langford,accompaniedbyhisbrotherandtwofriends,wenttotheduplexofhisgirlfriend,DianaWilson.ThedefendanthadpreviouslylivedattheduplexwithMs.WilsonbuthadbeeninMississippiforthelasttwoorthree#XUXXXUf#Ԁweeks.When "  thedefendantaskedtoentertheduplextogethisclothesandseehischildren,Ms.Wilsonrefused.SuspectingthatMs.Wilsonhadamalevisitor,thedefendantbecameangry,tookhisbrothersgun,andfiredashotthroughthelivingroomwindow,narrowlymissingMs.Wilsonwhowassittingonthecouch. Atthedefendantsurging,oneofhisfriendskickedinthefrontdoor.Ms.Wilsongrabbedher10montholdsonandhidinherbedroomclosetwith15yearoldTamaraGayles,whowasvisiting.  Everyoneelseintheduplexfledoutabackwindow.ThedefendantwentintothebedroomlookingforMs.Wilsonandshottwoorthreetimesintotheclosetwhereshewashiding.AbulletstruckMs.Gaylesinthetempleandkilledher.WhenMs.WilsontoldthedefendanthehadshotMs.Gayles,herepliedthathe didntgiveaf.Thedefendant 706 testifiedattrialthatthegundischargedaccidentally,bothwhenheusedittobreakthelivingroomwindowandwhenhepushedtheclosetdoorsoutoftheway. Ajuryconvictedthedefendantoffirstdegreefelonymurdercommittedintheperpetrationofanaggravatedburglaryforwhichhereceivedasentenceoflifewithoutthepossibilityofparole.Hewasalsoconvictedofaggravatedburglary,aggravatedassault,andrecklessendangermentforwhichhereceivedsentencesoffouryears,fiveyears,andtwoyears,respectively.Theselatterthreesentenceswereorderedtorunconcurrentlywitheachotherandconsecutivelytothelifesentence.TheCourtofCriminalAppealsupheldtheϜconvictionsandsentences.    ANALYSIS  "   SufficiencyoftheEvidence  $  P ThedefendantclaimsthattheevidencewasinsufficienttoconvicthimofaggravatedburglaryandconsequentlyoffelonymurdercommittedintheperpetrationofanaggravatedburglarybecausetheStatefailedtoshowthattheduplexwasnotthedefendantshomeorresidenceandthathehadno lawfulϜpossession.XXXX  #  1      כ#XXXX#񛀀ThedefendantarguesthatbecauseheandMs.Wilsonhadbeenlivingtogetherintheduplex,hewasacopossessorandthereforecouldnotbeguiltyofburglarizingthepremises.  @58.2  Whenthesufficiencyoftheevidenceischallenged,thestandardfor reviewiswhether,afterconsideringtheevidenceinthelightmostfavorabletotheprosecution,anyrationaltrieroffactcouldhavefoundtheessentialelementsofthecrimebeyondareasonabledoubt.Jacksonv.Virginia,443U.S.   307,99S.Ct.2781,2789,61L.Ed.2d560(1979);Statev.Duncan,698S.W.2d h` 63,67(Tenn.1985).TheStateisentitledtothestrongestlegitimateviewoftheevidenceandallreasonableinferenceswhichmaybedrawnfromit.Statev.   Cabbage,571S.W.2d832,835(Tenn.1978).Aconvictionthatisapprovedby   thetrialcourtaccreditsthetestimonythatfavorstheStateandresolvesallconflictsinfavoroftheState'stheory.Statev.Williams,657S.W.2d405,410  (Tenn.1983).Likewise,determinationsoftheweightandcredibilityofthetestimonyofwitnessesandreconciliationofconflictsinthattestimonyareentrustedexclusivelytothejuryasthetrieroffact.Statev.Sheffield,676 (  S.W.2d542,547(Tenn.1984);Byrgev.State,575S.W.2d292,295(Tenn.  Crim.App.1978). <     Aggravatedburglaryoccurswhenanindividualentersahabitation withouttheeffectiveconsentofthepropertyownerand,inthiscase,intendstocommitafelony,aggravatedassault.Tenn.CodeAnn.3914402,403(1991).Atthetimeoftheoffense,felonymurderwasdefinedas arecklesskillingofanothercommittedintheperpetrationof,orattempttoperpetrateany...burglary.Tenn.CodeAnn.3913202(1991). Priortothe1989revisionofthecriminalcode,burglarywasdefinedasthe breakingandenteringofadwellinghouse...usedandoccupiedbyany H3@,0 person...asadwellingplaceorlodgingeitherpermanentlyortemporarilyandwhetherasowner,renter,tenant,lessee,orpayingguest,bynight,withintenttocommitafelony.񛀀Tenn.CodeAnn. XXXX#XXX X&#Ԁ393401(repealed)(emphasisadded). 816 Pre1989opinionsstressedthatburglarywasanoffenseagainsttheoccupancyandpossessionandnotagainstlegaltitle.Seee.g.Hindmanv.State,384  S.W.2d18(Tenn.1964);Hobbyv.State,480S.W.2d554(Tenn.Crim.App.   1972).Thedefinitionofburglarychangedwhenthecriminalcodewasrewritten.Nowtheplainlanguageofaggravatedburglaryrequiresproofthatanindividualentersahabitation withouttheeffectiveconsentofthepropertyownerandintendstocommitafelony,orattemptsorcommitsafelony.Tenn.CodeAnn. XXXX#XXX X(# XXXX#XXX XD)#ԁ39-14-402,403. Habitationisastructurethatisadaptedordesignedfor   overnightaccommodation.Tenn.CodeAnn.3914401(1).Thereisnolongerarequirementthatthestructurebeoccupied.Thefocusisonwhetherthepropertyownerconsentedtotheentryandthedefendantspurposeforentering.Thecodedefinesproperty ownerasthe personinlawfulpossessionofproperty,whetherthepossessionisactualorconstructive.Tenn.CodeAnn. XXXX#XXX X+#ԁ3914401(3).  ̜ . TheevidenceinthiscaseclearlyestablishesthatMs.Wilsonwasthe personinlawfulpossessionoftheproperty.Ms.Wilsonrentedtheduplex,andhernamewastheonlynameonthelease.Thedefendant,ontheotherhand,hadnopossessoryinterestintheduplexandnorighttobeinsidetheduplexabsentMs.Wilsonsconsent.  Althoughshehadpreviouslypermittedthedefendanttostaywithher,shestillretainedtherighttopreventthedefendantfromenteringherabode.Immediatelypriortotheoffense,Ms.Wilsonrefusedhimentry.Accordingly,weholdthatonlyMs.Wilsonwasin lawfulpossessionoftheproperty. Weholdthattheevidencewassufficientforarationaltrieroffacttofindthatthedefendantenteredtheduplexwithouttheeffectiveconsentoftheowner,Ms.Wilson,andthatthedefendantpossessedtheintenttocommitthefelonyof 816 aggravatedassault.WefurtherholdthattheevidencewassufficientforarationaltrieroffacttofindthatthedefendantcommittedarecklesskillingofTamaraGayleswhilecommittingtheaggravatedburglary.    JuryInstructiononCriminalTrespass  h` ]0 Thedefendantnextcomplainsthatthecourterredbyrefusingtoinstructthejuryonthechargeofcriminaltrespass,whichheallegesisalesseroffenseofaggravatedburglary.Thedefendantarguesthattheevidencepresentedattrialwouldhavesupportedaconvictionforcriminaltrespass.Wedisagree. Whileitisgenerallyerrorforatrialcourtnottoinstructthejuryonalllesserincludedoffenses,seeTenn.CodeAnn.4018110(a),thisCourthas 80 interpretedthisstatutoryprovisiontomeanthatatrialcourtmustinstructthejuryonalllesserincludedoffensesiftheevidenceintroducedattrialislegallysufficienttosupportaconvictionforthelesseroffense.Statev.Bolden,979 " S.W.2d587,593(Tenn.1998).Failuretoinstructisnoterrorwheretherecordclearlyshowsthatthedefendantwasguiltyofthegreateroffenseandtherecordisdevoidofanyevidencepermittinganinferenceofguiltofthelesseroffense.Statev.Stephenson,878S.W.2d530,550(Tenn.1994)(recorddevoidof  *#& evidencetosupportaninferencethatthedefendantwasguiltyoflesseroffensesofvoluntarymanslaughterandcriminallynegligenthomicide);Statev.Boyd, -&* 797S.W.2d589,593(Tenn.1990);Statev.King,718S.W.2d241,245(Tenn. /(, 1986)(recorddevoidofanyevidencepermittinganinferenceofguiltofanychargelesserthanthefelonymurderwithwhichhewascharged).See X3P,0 alsoStatev.Vann,976S.W.2d93,101(Tenn.1998)(recorddevoidofevidence 05(.2 supportingachargeontheoffensesofseconddegreemurderandfacilitation). 816  Criminaltrespassiscommittedwhenapersonentersorremainsonthepropertywithouttheownerseffectiveconsent.Tenn.CodeAnn.3914405.Onecommitsaggravatedburglarybyenteringahabitationwithouttheownerseffectiveconsentandwiththeintenttocommitafelony,inthiscase,aggravatedassault.  #  1      ׀Tenn.CodeAnn. XUYXXXUY#XUYXX XUY9# XUYXXXUY#XUYXX XUY9#Ԁ3914402,403(1991).Thekeydistinction h` betweentheoffenseofaggravatedburglaryandcriminaltrespassisthataggravatedburglaryrequiresashowingofintenttocommitafelony. Theevidenceclearlyestablishesthatthedefendantnotonlyintendedtocommitafelonyonthepremises,hedidcommitafelony.Byhisowntestimony,thedefendantwasupsetandjealous.HerepeatedlyaskedwhetherMs.Wilsonhadanothermaninsidethehouse.ThedefendantshotatMs.Wilsonthroughthelivingroomwindow.TheevidenceisuncontrovertedthatMs.WilsonfearedimminentinjurywhenshefledwithherchildandMs.Gaylestoabedroomclosetafterthedefendantshotthroughthewindowandforciblygainedaccesstotheinteriorofherhouse.Thedefendantadmittedtodisplayingaweapon.ThedefendantshotMs.Gaylesasshehidinsidethecloset.Thus,thedefendantnotonlyintendedto,hedidcommitafelonyinsidethehouseafterhewasdeniedentrancebytheowner,Ms.Wilson.Accordingly,theevidencesupportedthegreateroffense,andtherecordwasdevoidofevidencesupportingthelesserchargeofcriminaltrespass.Thetrialcourtwascorrectinnotinstructingthejuryastocriminaltrespass.Thisissueiswithoutmerit.  /(,      CONCLUSION   U? Weholdthattheevidencewassufficienttosupportthechargesofaggravatedburglaryandfelonymurdercommittedintheperpetrationofaggravatedburglaryandthetrialcourtdidnoterrinfailingtoinstructthejuryastocriminaltrespass.Accordingly,weaffirmthedecisionoftheCourtofCriminalAppeals. XUYXXXUYItappearingthatthedefendantisindigent,costsofthisappealshall (  betaxedtotheState.#XUYXX XUY@#      <      D T$T$MT$     <      D JANICEM.HOLDER,JUSTICE̜ Cibc oncurring:  Panel:    $ Anderson,C.J.Drowota,Birch,andBarker,J.J.