WPCj L*&H%;[!Q?z2ELYsVLN bU>w z a#d4Rؠ:94k01 g4r SO%tM kr eYhc\:S<1׾ȯQmtyLTw*d]C#QkռM$U~`uw52 OCM$~qz.Ĉ _ĩ~9,<քjH@>:# ,U :7 %q 0wU :}w@4 y 0D M B$AIU:KKKKKKKKKKKKKKKKK AQ 0D 0D 0D$$ D/hh B D3b 0{HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLJ,  AZ"Arial RegularX(Dz$  7K<XXdXXd7    TRY3' LetterY3' Letter 3' Letter 3' LetterT,cAZ"Arial Regular STUVWDXYZ[Ӏey&3|xe o 9y$  XX   1    Thisprovisionprovidesthatforallnoncapitalcriminalcases,ifrequested,thetrialcourt shall ,  chargethepossiblepenaltiesfortheoffensechargedandalllesserincludedoffenses.Tenn.CodeAnn.4035201(b)(1).Thisinstruction shallincludeanapproximatecalculationoftheminimumnumberofyearsapersonsentencedtoimprisonment...mustservebeforereachingsuchpersonsearliestreleaseeligibilitydate.Id.4035201(b)(2)(A)(i).Thisprovisionwasrecentlyrepealedby L  theGeneralAssemblyin1998,sothatforallnoncapitalcriminaltrialssubsequenttoMay19,1998,the judgeshallnotinstructthejury,norshalltheattorneysbepermittedtocommentatanytimetothejury,onpossiblepenaltiesfortheoffensechargednoralllesserincludedoffenses.1998Tenn.Pub.Actsch.1041,1;Tenn.CodeAnn.4035201(Supp.1998).(#$  0   C 9$  XX   2    AnamicuscuriaepartyinCookarguedthat ifthejuryismistakenlyinstructedthata ,  convictionwillresultinashortersentencethaninfactwillbeimposed,thelikelihoodofconvictionofthecrimechargedintheindictmentincreasesandthechancethatthejurywillconvictofalesserincludedoffensedecreasescommensurately.Cook,816S.W.2dat325.P Pd ""  X}XXX> XX}   Ad FILEDX}X >  June21,1999CecilCrowson,Jr.AppellateCourtClerkdAh ,cAZ"Arial Regular!"#$&C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3$ !  (3$ !  ($$   1   ' dxd d(((('dxd- -(+(2y$ Dz!  7(XXdd7    TRY$3' Letter3'3' Letter3'T  XX   0   Dz!  7(XXdd7    TRY$3' Letter3'3' Letter3'T  [[, ` 7TR[A' LegalY$3' LetterA' Legal3' LetterTX}XXX=(XXdd=e[r )<,(j 8` `@E- ` 8ttxP,  r[eeee[[eee  0      8      @   @  INTHESUPREMECOURTOFTENNESSEE ,  et )>.*jxa` `@E ` 8ttxPQ [ tߛe@(ATKNOXVILLE      0      8      FORPUBLICATION  j STATEOFTENNESSEE,   8   )  Filed: June21,1999  h<   0      8   ) Plaintiff/Appellee,   8   )  MCMINNCOUNTY :    0      8   )v.  0      8   )  Hon.CarrollL.Ross, H!  #      0      8   )  Judge   J.C.MEYER,     8   )     0      8   )  SupremeCourt#X(XXX}Ѓ#X}XXX(    Defendant/Appellant. 8   )  No.03S019812CR00140 r FORAPPELLANT:     8     FORAPPELLEE:  CharlesM.Corn     8     MichaelE.Moore  DistrictPublicDefender   8     SolicitorGeneral  Cleveland,TN#X(XXX} #X}XXX(     8      0      8     ElizabethB.Marney  0      8     AssistantAttorneyGeneral  0      8     Nashville,Tennessee  0      8     JerryN.Estes  0      8     DistrictAttorneyGeneral  0      8     TenthJudicialDistrict  0      8     RichardNewman  0      8     AssistantDistrictAttorney  0      8     Athens,TN#X(XXX}0 #X}XXX( *j $   0      8       0      8   rXX}@.#X}Xr.#rXX}@VV( OPINION #X}Xr#Ԉ .v$( TRIALCOURTANDCOURTOFCRIMINALAPPEALSREVERSED; CASEREMANDEDTOTRIALCOURT.     @     DROWOTA,J.#X(XXX}\# j5>+/  Inthisappeal,weconsiderwhethererroneousinstructionsreadtothejury amountedtoharmlesserror.ThetrialcourtcorrectlyinstructedthejurythatiftheDefendantwereconvictedofrapeofachild,hissentencewouldrangefromtwentyfivetofortyyearsforeachcount.However,thetrialcourterroneouslyinstructedthejurythatapersonconvictedofrapeofachildwouldhavetoserve5.73yearsbeforehisorherearliestreleaseeligibilitydate,wheninfactapersonsoconvictedmustservetheentiresentenceundiminishedbyanysentencereductioncredits.Afterhewasconvictedoftwocountsofrapeofachild,theDefendantappealedtotheCourtofCriminalAppeals.TheCourtofCriminalAppealsfoundthat,althoughthejuryinstructionwasincorrect,theerrorwasharmless.OnappealtothisCourt,theStatenowconcedesthatthetrialcourtserrorwas,infact,harmful.Weagreeandremandthiscasetothetrialcourtforanewtrial.̛̜@ee! FACTS&PROCEDURALHISTORY  l$@  In1996,theDefendantwaschargedwithfourcountsofrapeofachild,stemmingfromeventsoccurringbetweenJanuaryandMay1995,inwhichtheDefendantallegedlyvaginallyandorallyrapedhisgirlfriendseightyearoldchild.TwocountswerelaterdismissedandtheDefendantwastriedinMcMinnCountyinOctoberof1996.Followingclosingarguments,theDefendantrequestedthetrial courttoinstructthejuryonpossiblepenaltiesforthechargedoffenseaswellas /%( lesserincludedoffenses.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.4035201(b)(Supp.1995).   #  1      כThe ,  jurywaschargedasfollows: 8  0 Weregonnatalknowabouttherangeofpunishmentoftheallegationsheretoday.Thejurywillnotattempttofixanysentence.However,youmayweighandconsiderthemeaningofasentenceofimprisonment,andsetafineintheamountsindicatedbelow,ifyouwishtodoso.Therangeofpunishmentforthecrimesinvolvedhereinareasfollows:  ! ! 8  0 25to40yearsinthestatepenitentiaryforthecrimeofrapeofachild,andafineofsomeamountnotexceeding$50,000.  ! ! 8  0 12to20yearsinthestatepenitentiaryforthecrimeofaggravatedsexualbattery,andafineinsomeamountnotexceeding$25,000.  ! ! 8  0 Youarefurtherinformedthattheminimumnumberofyearsapersonsentencedtoimprisonmentfortheoffenseofrapeofachildmustservebeforereachingtheearliestreleaseeligibilitydateis5.73years.Youarefurtherinformedthattheminimumnumberofyearsapersonsentencedtoimprisonmentfortheoffenseofaggravatedsexualbatterymustservebeforereachingtheearliestreleaseeligibilitydateis2.75years.WhetheradefendantisactuallyreleasedfromincarcerationonthedatewhenfirsteligibleforreleaseisadiscretionarydecisionmadebytheBoardofParolefortheStateofTennesseeandisbasedonmanyfactors.TheBoardofParolehastheauthoritytorequireadefendanttoservetheentiresentenceimposedbytheCourt.  ! ! ThejuryconvictedtheDefendantoftwocountsofrapeofachild,andthetrialcourt deniedtheDefendantsmotionforanewtrial.  *"  TheDefendantraisedseveralissuesonappealtotheCourtofCriminal Appeals,includingtheargumentthatthetrialcourterredbyinstructingthejurythattheDefendantwouldbeeligibleforreleasefollowingaconvictionofchildrapeuponserving5.73yearsofhissentence.Despitefindingthatthetrialjudgesinstructionwasincorrect,theCourtofCriminalAppealsfoundtheerrortobeharmlessdueto substantialevidenceinsupportofaconviction.HoldingthattheotherissuesraisedbytheDefendantwerewithoutmerit,theCourtofCriminalAppealsaffirmedthejudgmentofthetrialcourt.Subsequently,theDefendantappealedtothisCourt,raisingthesolecontentionthatthetrialcourtserroneousjurychargeconstitutedreversibleerrorand,thus,theDefendantisentitledtoanewtrial.̛̜@]]) DISCUSSION     ItisbeyonddisputethatthetrialcourterredbyinstructingthejurythattheDefendant,ifconvictedofonecountofrapeofachild,wouldbeeligibleforreleaseafterserving5.73yearsinprison.TennesseeCodeAnnotated4035501(i)(3)(Supp.1995)and3913523(b)(Supp.1995)providethatadefendantconvictedofchildrapeisnoteligibleforearlyreleaseand,thus,mustservetheentiresentenceimposed.RelyingonourdecisioninStatev.Cook,816S.W.2d322(Tenn.1991), +!$ МtheStatenowconcedesthatthetrialcourtserroneousjuryinstructionconstitutesreversibleerrorandthatthedefendantisentitledtoanewtrial.Weagree.Z=wXdXXd=ZZ=wXXdXXd=Z InCook,thedefendant,chargedwithmultiplecountsofaggravatedrapeand l3@), aggravatedsexualbattery,requestedthetrialjudgetoinstructthejuryonpossible L5 +. МpunishmentforthechargedoffensesandlesserincludedoffensesinaccordancewithTenn.CodeAnn.4035201(b).ThetrialcourterroneouslyinstructedthejurywithregardtoRangeIsentenceswhen,infact,moresevereRangeIIsentenceswereapplicable.Thedefendantwasconvictedofseveralcounts,thetrialcourtimposedasentenceinaccordancewithRangeI,andbothpartiesappealed.TheCourtofCriminalAppealsaffirmedtheconvictionsbutorderedanewsentencinghearing,agreeingwiththeStatethatthetrialjudgeshouldhavesentencedthedefendantasaRangeIIoffender.CookappealedtothisCourt,contendingthattheCCAerredinorderingthathebesentencedasaRangeIIoffender,whenthejurywasonlyinstructedofhispossiblepunishmentsasaRangeIoffender.   #  2      ׀Weagreedwiththe   defendantandorderedanewtrial.Insoholding,werecognizedthatnoconstitutionalerrorwasinvolved,thatastatutoryrightdeprivationwasthebasisoferror,andthat actualdeprivationwouldoccuruponremandforresentencing,when,undertheCourtofCriminalAppeals'judgment,thedefendantwouldbesentencedtopunishmentnotknowntoorcontemplatedbytheconvictingjurors.Cook,816 l$@ S.W.2dat326.Accordingly,wereversedCooksconvictionsandremandedforanewtrial,statingthat whateverrightsorbenefitstheLegislaturehadinmindforthedefendantwhenitpassedTenn.CodeAnn.4035201(b)wouldbelostifthedefendantweretobesentencedtopunishmentsgreaterthanwhatthejuryfindingguiltwasinstructedwouldbeimposed.Id.󛀜at327. -#& М /%( Ї@,,) CONCLUSION ,    InlightofourholdinginCook,weagreewiththeDefendantandtheStatethat   theDefendantwasprejudicedbythetrialcourtserroneousinstruction.ItisconceivablethattheDefendantwouldhavebeenconvictedofalesseroffensehadthejuryknownthattheDefendantwouldnotbeeligibleforearlyrelease.Accordingly,wereversethedecisionoftheCourtofCriminalAppealswhichfoundthetrialcourtserrortobeharmless,seeTenn.R.App.P.36(b),andremandthis l@  casetothetrialcourtforanewtrial.̜SSS XMXXXwSUCUTSItappearingthatthepetitionersinthiscauseareindigent,cSTSostsSVonappealareVWSwillbepSWXtaxedtotheXYSaidbytheSYSStateofTennessee.#XwXXXMr1#S   XMXXXw  0      8 _____________________________________̜  0      8 FRANKF.DROWOTA,III,   H!  #  j!>   0      8 JUSTICE   P"$ Л2 ̜Concur:QQRR Anderson,C.J. )l" Birch,Holder,Barker,JJ.#XwXXXM2#ԛ