ÿWPC  =k «U—ïõ.²¿Ú´ÚÁÚGù÷ÒꑘSûû¨â”IˆIô²R*öùö§f®$ªÖ} SG•k§¡&¶¥]>%NE¯àžù«WÖÎQŸÊRñ•T–÷.+ëW@] “N“ánÖgŠj¾:q|_Í,[çh= ¿ÿ¾–B±ïJéÚÙCðŽvµmw€t²Šv²¨¨4üªTš½eÎéÔl¸ Ï¿Hg'HqAúÀ$ûõ´ƒMê†™Û»ÅæfÖWr<âš!\ömC–J;~FfÏöÈ[9©È˜4L±ü0|Ò‘ØB´È@Ì º¦˜Ä†O‰$’IzQNW„ÆßdBÕb9ë÷ß×ÑÁøÉo»LËœó= ùWö—rë¾ÖݼžN­ 4{* ö ÑÆ‡–º¸­ínživv¡á¸O[¾¥gGéQ»@±ŸÑv …™’ÍbN¿¼â–¨£·$· Czhpæ}<«ßløÀO‚ãè×–í‘@±„ J½%•Ê„ÁMÞêo\E<¯òû=÷è7+#šáj€1ò0JﯖAw:ïx$ÃeY`ùÑÍ'ö†}«b½QH“¤®Vnø£³¤QegGn#Ð"5PN±»aªrà¯êZ%¡)UN> %Œ 0(’@ºw:ú44Hn­W AQUNU £ « ³ » Ã Ë Ó Û ã  ë  õÿUNU:NˆU:‰ ÆÃ Ɖ ÆO Æ ÆÛ 0D¡ 0Då 0D)) D/m Bœ B¹ D3Ö(ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡c:\office\wpwin\template\jo.wpt V îPDÓ€Ó€yk&þ63|x«<þ6X9`("Courier 10cpiXôxþ6X@É“8Ç;X@ !"#%Cþÿ<< Cÿÿ(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman Regulari1i2i3i4i5i6i7i8i9i10i11 ÷Ý ƒ!¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€X¡¢XXXÔÔ€ÑCXX¡¢ÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X¡¢XÑCÔÐ  ÐÌApril€21,€1999ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAhÔó ó(ÈhH  Z 6Times New Roman Regular,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular ÷Ý ƒ!¯"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€X¡¢XXXÔÔ€ÑCXX¡¢ÔÓ  Óò òÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€X¡¢XÑCÔÐ  ÐÌApril€21,€1999ÌÌCecil€W.€CrowsonÌAppellate€Court€ClerkÔdAhÔó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial RegularLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5ƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(3¯$¢¢Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó'''÷ÿ dxd düÿP Pd&&&&'ÿÿdxdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ‡¼,¼XXÔññßr€ (<,(j 8` `€€@Eȱ` 8ttxP°ð  rßññà@Å Å àò òòòIN€THE€SUPREME€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° ÐÌà@××'àAT€NASHVILLEˆÌÌó óÌÔ% ‡ ÔDAVID€W.€REEDÔ%† ‡Ôà@êê-à}ˆà p àÔ% ‡ ÔWILSON€CHANCERYÔ%† ÒÔÐ ð @ Ðà@êê-à}ˆà p àNo.€Below€Ô% ‡ Ô96359Ô%†>ÔÐ  P Ðà ` àPlaintiff/AppellÔ% ‡ ÔeeÔ%†’Ôà@êê-à}ˆÐ  ` Ðà@êê-à}ˆà p àHon.€Ô% ‡ ÔCharles€SmithÔ%†ÔÐ  p Ðvs.à@-àˆàHêê-à}ˆÐ 0€  Ðà@êê-à}ˆÌà@êê-à}ˆà p àNo.€Ô% ‡ Ô01S01„9802„CH„00038Ô%†¸ÔÐ P   ÐÔ% ‡ ÔWAUSAU€INSURANCE€COMPANYÔ%†þÔà@êê-à}ˆÐ `°  Ðà@êê-à}ˆÌà ` àDefendant/AppellÔ% ‡ ÔantÔ%†ŽÔà@êê-à}ˆà p àÔ% ‡ ÔAFFIRMEDÔ%†ÏÔÐ €Ð ÐÌÌà@&àJUDGMENT€ORDERóóˆÐ ° ÐÌÌÓÓà ` àòòThis€case€is€before€the€Court€upon€the€entire€record,€including€theÐ à0 Ðorder€of€referral€to€the€Special€Workersðð€Compensation€Appeals€Panel,€andÏthe€Panelððs€Memorandum€Opinion€setting€forth€its€findings€of€fact€andÏconclusions€of€law,€which€are€incorporated€herein€by€reference.Ìà ` àWhereupon,€it€appears€to€the€Court€that€the€Memorandum€Opinion€ofÏthe€Panel€should€be€accepted€and€approved;€andÌà ` àIt€is,€therefore,€ordered€that€the€Panelððs€findings€of€fact€andÏconclusions€of€law€are€adopted€and€affirmed,€and€the€decision€of€the€Panel€isÏmade€the€judgment€of€the€Court.Ìà ` àCosts€will€be€paid€by€Ô% ‡ Ôdefendant/appellantÔ%†òÔ,€for€which€execution€mayÏissue€if€necessary.Ìà ` àIT€IS€SO€ORDERED€on€Ô% ‡ ÔApril€21,€1999Ô%†q Ô.Ìà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àà p àPER€CURIAMóóÐ `3°., ÐññÐ  €5Ð0. Ðññññò òññññÓÓññññà@ì ì àIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@  àSPECIAL€WORKERS'€COMPENSATION€PANELˆà Ð àÐ ¾ Ðà@°°'àAT€NASHVILLEó óˆÐ Ì ÐÌÌÓ*ÿÿp°è(#°œX*ÓÌò òññññßt€ (>.*jx4þ#` `€€@Eü- ` 8ttxP4 ð # tßññññDAVID€W.€REEDà ° àà  à)Ð  Z Ðà p àà ° àà  à)Ìà p àPlaintiff/Appelleeà ° àà  à)Ð & v Ðà p àà ° àà  à)à è àWILSON€CHANCERYÐ 4„  Ðññññññßr€ (<,(j 8` `€€@EÈG` 8ttxPBð  rßññññññà p àà ° àà  à)Ìv.à p àà ° àà  à)à è àHon.€C.€K.€SmithÐ P   Ðà p àà ° àà  à)à è àChancellorÐ ^®  Ðà p àà ° àà  à)ÌWAUSAU€INSURANCE€COMPANYà è àÐ zÊ Ðà p àññññññ)ññññññà ° àññññà  àññññ)ññññà è àññññNo.€01S01„9802„CH„00038Ð ˆØ Ðà p àà ° àà  à)Ìà p àDefendant/Appellantà ° àà  à)Ð ¤ô Ðó óÌÌòòò òà p àó óóóÌò òòòFor€the€Appellee:ó óóóà ° àà  àà è àò òòòFor€the€Appellant:óóÐ â2 ÐÌó óMichael€Wayne€Ferrellà ° àà  àà è àPeter€Frederick€KlettÐ þN ÐP.€O.€Box€8à ° àà  àà è à424€Church€StreetÐ ^ ÐMt.€Juliet,€TN€37122à ° àà  àà è à14th€FloorÐ n Ðà p àà ° àà  àà è àSunTrust€Bldg.Ìà p àà ° àà  àà è àNashville,€TN€37219ÌÌÌà@$àò òMEMORDANDUM€OPINIONˆÐ n$¾ ÐÌà@mm%àòòMembers€of€Panel:óóó óˆÐ Š&Ú!  ÐÌÌà@¼ ¼ àAdolpho€A.€Birch,€Jr.,€Associate€Justice€ˆÌà@„„àJames€L.€Weatherford,€Senior€JudgeˆÌà@nnàJoe€C.€Loser,€Jr.,€Special€JudgeˆÌÌÌÌÌAFFIRMED€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€WEATHERFORD,€Senior€Judge€ÌÌÐ  H3˜., ÐÌà@œ œ àò òòòM€E€M€O€R€A€N€D€U€M€€O€P€I€N€I€O€Nó óóóˆÐ À Ðà p àÌà p àThis€worker's€compensation€appeal€has€been€referred€to€the€SpecialÏWorkers'€Compensation€Panel€of€the€Supreme€Court€in€accordance€withÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð5„6„225€(e)(3)€for€hearing€and€reporting€of€findings€ofÏfact€and€conclusions€of€law.€€In€this€appeal,€the€defendant„appellant€contendsÏ(1)€€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€trial€court's€award€of€permanentÏpartial€disability€benefits€to€the€claimant€based€on€a€70%€vocational€disabilityÏto€his€left€lower€extremity,€and€(2)€the€trial€court€erred€by€allowing€aÏchiropractor€to€offer€testimony€concerning€claimant's€injuries€when€theÏchiropractor€was€not€licensed€or€authorized€by€the€State€of€Tennessee€underÏTenn.€ÌCode€Ann.€ðð63„4„101€to€treat€such€injuries.Ìà p àAppellate€review€is€de€novo€upon€the€record€of€the€trial€court,Ïaccompanied€by€a€presumption€of€correctness,€unless€the€preponderance€ofÏthe€evidence€is€otherwise.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.Ìðð50„6„225€(e)(2).Ìà p àAs€discussed€below,€the€panel€has€concluded€that€the€judgment€of€theÏtrial€court€should€be€affirmed.Ìà p àThe€appellee€first€asserts€that€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€trialÏcourt's€award€of€permanent€partial€disability€benefits€to€the€claimant€ofÏseventy€percent€(70%)€vocational€impairment€to€the€left€lower€extremity.Ìà p àThe€employee€or€claimant,€Reed,€was€41€years€old€at€the€time€of€the€trial.€ÏHe€is€a€high€school€graduate€and€had€a€diverse€work€history€from€the€time€heÏwas€in€high€school€until€he€suffered€a€compensable€work€related€injury€onÏAugust€9,€1995.ÌDuring€this€period€of€time,€he€had€approximately€ten€different€jobs,€(farmÏwork,€tree€care,€battery€sales,€Kroger€warehouse,€landscaping,€sales€andÏdelivery€of€snack€foods,€selling€labels,€Orkin€Plantscaping,€insuranceÏsalesman,€and€brick€layer's€helper.€Most€of€the€jobs€claimant€had€requiredÏlifting,€squatting,€climbing,€and€generally€doing€physical€labor.Ìà p àIn€July€of€1995,€claimant€began€working€for€Long€Foundation€BuildingÏwhere€he€was€employed€at€the€time€of€his€injury€that€is€the€subject€of€thisÏcase.€€He€was€employed€as€a€laborer.Ìà p àOn€this€job,€he€was€required€to€set€up€a€drill€rig,€to€set€pumps,€pipes,€andÏsteel,€so€concrete€could€be€poured.€€On€August€9,€1995,€claimant€fell€into€aÏcaisson€and€sustained€a€compensable€work„related€injury.€€He€sustained€aÏsevere€comminuted€injury€to€his€left€proximal€femur.€€There€were€no€noticeÏissues,€and€claimant's€compensation€rate€was€stipulated.Ìà p àImmediately€after€the€injury,€the€claimant€was€treated€by€a€physician€inÏCullman,€Alabama€where€surgery€was€performed.€€He€began€seeing€Dr.ÏGautsch€on€August€17,€1995.€€Claimant€underwent€physical€therapy€and€hadÏscrews€removed€from€his€knee€in€December€of€1995.€€In€February,€1996,Ïanother€surgery€was€performed€where€the€rod€was€replaced;€in€May€of€1996Ïsurgery€was€performed€on€his€knee;€and€in€April,€1997,€some€screws€wereÏremoved€from€his€knee.Ìà p àDr.€Gautsch€stated€that€claimant€has€about€a€three€and€a€half€centimeter€ofÏatrophy€in€the€left€quadriceps€compared€to€the€right€quadriceps.€€Dr.€GautschÏassigned€13%€impairment€to€claimant's€left€lower€extremity.Ìà p àIn€August,€1996,€claimant€asked€to€go€back€to€work€at€Long€FoundationÏdoing€light€duty€and€was€told€that€there€was€no€work€for€him€at€that€time.€Ð Þ:.63 ÐAfter€being€released€for€regular€duty€by€Dr.€Gautsch€in€September,€1996,Ïclaimant€worked€for€Long€Foundation€for€one€week€doing€the€same€kind€ofÏwork€that€he€had€done€before€his€injury.€€After€one€week€of€his€usual€work,Ïclaimant€described€himself€as€"bruised€up"€and€"beat€up".€€His€legs€botheredÏhim€climbing€upon€the€"pour€barrels",€and€heÌhad€to€push€up€with€his€stomach€and€not€with€his€leg.€€His€leg€swelled€in€theÏfemur€area.Ìà p àWhen€called€for€regular€work€the€next€week,€claimant€asked€for€lightÏduty€and€was€told€that€there€was€no€light€duty€available.€€Claimant€felt€that€heÏwas€not€physically€able€to€do€the€work€that€he€had€been€assigned€to€the€weekÏbefore.€€Claimant€did€not€work€for€Long€Foundation€again.Ìà p àAfter€thoroughly€considering€the€entire€record€in€this€case,€we€find€thatÏthe€evidence€does€not€preponderate€against€the€trial€court's€findings€that€theÏclaimant€suffered€a€seventy€percent€(70%)€vocational€impairment€to€the€leftÏlower€extremity.Ìà p àThe€appellee€further€asserts€that€the€trial€court€erred€by€allowing€Dr.ÏChris€Carley,€a€chiropractor,€to€offer€expert€testimony€at€the€trial€concerningÏthe€permanent€impairment€suffered€by€the€claimant€as€the€result€of€a€brokenÏfemur€and€torn€cruciate€ligament€when€the€chiropractor€was€not€licensed€byÏthe€State€of€Tennessee€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð3„4„10€to€treat€such€injuries.Ìà p àUnder€both€Rule,€104(a)€(Tennessee€Rules€of€Evidence)€and€commonÏlaw,€the€trial€court€determines€whether€a€witness€qualifies€as€an€expert.€€TheÏjudge€is€given€broad€discretion€in€making€this€determination.€€Tennessee€LawÏof€Evidence€ðð702.4€p.€464.€€òòBlaylock€v.€Claiborneóó,€S.W.2d€363,366€(Tenn.Ð  p ÐCt.€App.€Ð  0€ Ð1989).Ìà p àAt€the€time€the€chiropractor€testified,€the€trial€court€was€well€aware€of€theÏrestrictions€on€chiropractors€under€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð63„4„101.€€He€was€alsoÏaware€that€the€claimant€was€examined€by€the€chiropractor€for€about€45Ïminutes€to€an€hour,€and€the€real€purpose€of€the€claimant€going€to€theÏchiropractor€was€seeking€help€with€his€impairment€rating€in€his€worker'sÌcompensation€claim.Ìà p àThis€court€must€presume€that€the€trial€judge€gave€such€weight€to€theÏchiropractor's€testimony€as€it€was€entitled€to.Ìà p àMoreover,€the€trial€court€had€sufficient€evidence€to€€justify€a€finding€ofÏ70%€vocational€disability€to€claimant's€left€lower€extremity,€absent€theÏtestimony€of€the€chiropractor.Ìà p àFor€the€above€reasons,€we€find€that€the€evidence€does€not€preponderateÏagainst€the€trial€court's€findings€on€either€of€the€issues€raised€on€this€appeal.Ìà p àTherefore,€the€Judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.Ìà p àCosts€on€appeal€are€taxed€to€the€defendant/appellant.ÌÌÌà p àà ° àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÐ Ð  Ðà p àà ° àJames€L.€Weatherford,€Senior€JudgeÌÌCONCUR:ÌòòÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ÌóóAdolpho€A.€Birch,€Jr.,€Associate€JusticeÐ 0€ ÐòòÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€óóÐ P   ÐJoe€C.€Loser,€Jr.,€Special€JudgeññññññÔ†ÿÿÔññññññÔ#†Xµ6X¼¼_}#ÔññññññÔ  ÔÔ  ÔññññññÔ‡¼_¼XXµ6Ôññà ° àÔ#†Xµ6X¼¼_,#Ô