WPC  L"Rk#VJGHxeT1dJM$n -!![g1BbСB 0ڍKp6Wu$y&rc9`Az$5y5yA$k{?Q}xժ'a \F=tgaTYQl"~ YOv2Z HV煞iYKLh/مF^k!}))8ojU",!ҳ>(eZ0kO~\DstPp#w8_,P7$;uҝ,So.zƦWFhAX%xaވ6"L<ۺ)e^ȿPi&#FB#`0dW4y\Dׄz[Cb5gH]f;ɬ|) ۅqO gcD\Yfak1 1# UN % 0G U FTw4 AQ 0& 0D B9 { dA 0D ^  a mXdooBU: B+NH/(JUFr 0D 0D D/@@ Bo D3SHP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,,,,,,0nLh(hH  Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($XXXX<4 9Z .Courier New Regular(DE'eD D   e  D eeeDD !e"Ӏ,u[%P 3|x,   :$XXXX  X @ @ `   1    _Forexample,theprivatelitigantmaypursuecriminal   contemptforviolationofarestrainingorder,nottopunishtheaccused,buttocreatearecordforuseinlatercivilproceedingsagainsttheaccused,orto scaretheaccused,ortoobtainotheradvantagesfromthecontemnorsincarcerationorothersanction.#$&C<< C((2:$ !XXXX    X   `   0  (#$  0   88XXdXXd8уLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 TROUTMANpresentencereviewableAshby(3$ !  ~% W  N$XXXX  X @ @ `   3    _372U.S.335,83S.Ct.792,9L.Ed.2d799(1963)   (requiringstatestoprovidecounseltoindigentdefendantsinnoncapitalproceedings).U Z  N$XXXX  X @ @ `   4    _387U.S.1,87S.Ct.1428,18L.Ed.2d527(1967)   (requiringstatestoprovidedueprocessrightsofcriminaltrialsinjuvenileproceedings). e  N$XXXX  X @ @ `   5    _395U.S.238,89S.Ct.1709,23L.Ed.2d274(1969)   (requiringcourtstocanvasstheaccusedsknowledgeandvoluntarinessinenteringaguiltyplea). u  N$XXXX  X @ @ `   6    _553S.W.2d337(1977)(elaboratingon_Boykin_srequirements   forapleacolloquybeforeacceptanceofanaccusedsguiltyplea). "  XXXXxXX   Ad FILEDXXx  December21,1998CecilW.CrowsonAppellateCourtClerkdAh ,cAZ"Arial Regular   N$"X6;XXX  X @ @ `   1    _Forexample,theprivatelitigantmaypursuecriminal   contemptforviolationofarestrainingorder,nottopunishtheaccused,buttocreatearecordforuseinlatercivilproceedingsagainsttheaccused,orto scaretheaccused,ortoobtainotheradvantagesfromthecontemnorsincarcerationorothersanction. d&'dEAHib011s19<4 9Z .Courier New Regular(3$ !  ($$   1  ((' dxdP Pd'dxd I  N$XXXX  X @ @ `   2    Tenn.S.Ct.R.8,DR5105(A)states:   8 ` Alawyershalldeclineprofferedemploymentiftheexerciseofindependentprofessionaljudgmentinbehalfofaclientwillbeorislikelytobeadverselyaffectedbytheacceptanceoftheprofferedemployment,orifitwouldbelikelytoinvolvethelawyerinrepresentingdifferinginterests,excepttotheextentpermittedunderDR5105(C). !XXXX  _X  $XX XX$ 7XXdd7  őTR[A' Legal3'A' Legal3'Tќ,,,""r )<,(j 8` `@E  ` 8ttxPX  r,""@DINTHESUPREMECOURTOFTENNESSEE,,,,@tt)DATNASHVILLE,t )>.*jx4` `@EB ` 8ttxP@ 4 tߛ,JENNIFERO.WILSON0 h   0h%h%) p FORPUBLICATIONf%%     h     )̀Appellee  0 h     ) p FILED:DECEMBER21,1998 h%h%     h     )v.    h     ) p DAVIDSONCOUNTY 2      h     )LARRYARNOLDWILSON0 h   0h%h%) p HON.MURIELROBINSON,j %%     h     ) p JUDGE @  ЀAppellant   h     )       h     ) p NO.01S019807CV00130 `  @,DDISSENT D    Themajorityinthiscaseholdsthat noconstitutional  principlenorethicalstandardautomaticallydisqualifiestheprivateattorneyforthebeneficiaryof[acourt]orderfromprosecutingacontemptactionforaviolationoftheorder.AlthoughIagreethattheappointmentofsuchanattorneyasaϜ privateprosecutordoesnotviolatethe_contemnor_sdueprocessrights,Iwriteseparatelytoexpressmyviewthatsuchappointmentdoes,indeed,createthepotentialforconflictandimparttheappearanceofimpropriety.Suchpotentialandappearancemandatearuleofautomaticdisqualificationforethicalreasons.Applyingthisruletotherecordbeforeus,IwouldaffirmthejudgmentoftheCourtofAppeals. Contemptmaybeeithercivilorcriminalinnature.Civilcontemptisanactionbroughttoenforceprivaterights.Blackv._Blount_,938S.W.2d394,398(Tenn.1996).Criminal 7$-6 contempt,ontheotherhand,isanactionbroughttovindicatea \9.87 ő7XXdXXd7  ,ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ,"ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  ő7XXdXXd7  "ő7BXXdXXd7  ő76;XXdXXd7  courtsauthorityandtomaintaintheintegrityofthecourtasan organofsociety.Id.;seealsoStatev._Winningham_,958S.W.2d 8  740,746(Tenn.1997).Becauseofthesedifferentobjectives,thecivilandcriminal_contemnors_Ԁaretreateddifferently.Whilebothmaybeimprisoned,thecivil_contemnor_Ԁ carriesthekeystohisprisoninhisownpocketandmustbeimmediatelyreleaseduponcompliancewiththecourtsorders.Stateexrel.Andersonv.   Daugherty,137Tenn.125,127,191_S.W._Ԁ974,974(1917).The @  criminal_contemnor_Ԁdoesnotcarrythesamekeys.Heorshefacesanunconditionalsanctionwhichispunitiveinnature.Blackv.   _Blount_,938S.W.2dat398.Thus,thisCourthaspreviously D recognizedthat [_w]hile_Ԁcriminal_contempts_Ԁmayariseinthecourseofprivatecivillitigation,suchproceedings,inaverytruesenseraiseanissuebetweenthepublicandtheaccused.Id. H  (quotingStateexrel.Andersonv.Daugherty,137Tenn.at127,191 !h _S.W._Ԁat974). Yetdespitethis issuebetweenthepublicandtheaccused,themajoritymaintainsthattheinterestoftheprivatelitigantdoesnotcompromisetheintegrityofthejudicialprocessbecauseitisthesameastheStatesinterest:toforcecompliancewiththecourtsorder.Werethissimplyacivilcontemptproceeding,Iwouldagree.However,thisisacriminalproceedingwheretheStatesessentialinterestis(orshouldbe) topunishtheaccusedforpriornoncompliance.񛀀Whiletheprivate 2 (0 litigantmay!!endeavortosatisfyseveraldifferentinterestsincludingpunishment,undoubtedlysharethispunishmentinterest,  toa X4)2 degree,compliance  !!  wouldhave     to be  !!   the paramount!  !  !  ! interest    among !  !  !  !th em  otherintereststheprivatelitigantmay   have   ,andofcourse,theprivatelitigantmayhaveotherinterests   !!.   #  1       8    Becausethe interestsofthe privatelitigantsandtheStatesinterestsmaynotcoincide,the privateprosecutormaybeforcedtorepresent differinginterests0  #  2      ׀inthecriminalcontempt \  proceeding.These differinginterestsmayleadtodifferentchoicesintheexerciseofthelawyersindependentprofessionaljudgment.Forexample,whiletheStatesinterestsmaymandatetheexerciseofgreaterrestraintintheproceeding,theprivatelitigantsinterestsmaymandatethatthelawyerexerciselittleornorestraintintheproceeding.Becausethedifferentinterestsmaycompromisetheexerciseofthelawyersindependentprofessionaljudgment,therepresentationisanethicalviolationunderTenn.S.Ct.R.8,_DR_Ԁ5105(A).Thispotentialconflictisnotamelioratedsimplybysayingthatthelawyeris ethicallyobligatedtoexercisehisorherindependentprofessionaljudgmenttoprotectthecommon_interest[s_Ԁoftheclients].BecausethelawyerhasboththeStateandtheprivatelitigantasclients,ththelaprivatelitigantandtheStateareboth clientsofthe ($ lawyer,thelawyeristhrust,inmyopinion,intoanethicalconundrum.morass. P*&  Themajorityallbutacknowledges(albeitobliquely)thattheuseof privateunswornlawyerstorepresenttheinterestsoftheStatewhilesimultaneouslyendeavoringtorepresenttheinterestsofaclientisethicallyquestionable.Theyrecognizetheremedyofdisqualification,butdescribeitaseconomicallyprohibitive.ButthisCourtshouldnotlinkjusticetothecheckbookinsodirectamanner. ItoccurstomethatthesameconcernswereairedwhenGideonv.Wainwright  #  3      ׀wasdecided,whenInre_Gault_  #  4      ׀wasdecided,   when_Boykin_Ԁv.Alabama\  #  5      ׀wadsdecided,andwhenStatev._Mackey_   #  6      ׀wasere D decided.Admittedly,thesecasesconcernedconstitutionalrights,butonelessonfromthemisthatwesurvivednonetheless!both_jurisprudentially_Ԁandeconomically.Althougheconomicsis,ofcourse,anecessaryconsideration,alltoooftentheremedyissacrificedonthealtarofeconomics.Suchisthecasehere.Itshouldnotbe. Accordingly,because_DR_Ԁ5105(A)statesthatalawyer shalldeclineemploymentwhichmaycompromisethelawyers P*& independentprofessionaljudgment,IwouldholdthattheCodeofProfessionalResponsibilityautomaticallydisqualifiesaprivatelitigantslawyerfromactingasaprosecutorinacontemptactionresultingfromtheunderlyingcivillitigation.Thus,IwouldaffirmtheCourtofAppealssjudgmentreversingthetrialcourtandholdingthatalitigantsprivatecounselisdisqualifiedfromactingasaprosecutorinacriminalcontemptaction.    h      p ______________________________r*    h      p ADOLPHOA.BIRCH,JR.,Justice