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U bt$USUS.,XX      2    _Whenthissuitbegan,_Coppock_ԀhadbeenSuperintendentforanumberofyears._Coppock_Ԁwasappointedto e thepositionofDirectorofSchoolseffectiveSeptember1,2000.PursuanttoTennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection492 ) 203(a)(15)(A)(1996&Supp.2000),theterms superintendentand directorofschoolscanbeusedinterchangeably.  bt$USUS.,XX      3    _Whenateacherisdismissedornotreelected, noticemustbereceivedpriortoApril15tobeapplicabletothe e nextsucceedingschoolyear;provided,thattheboardofeducationmaytransferanyteacherfromone(1)positionto ) anotheratitsoption.Tenn.CodeAnn.495409(b)(2)(1996&Supp.2000).  bt$USUS.,XX      4    __Arnwine_sassignmentforthe20012002schoolyearwasasateacheroffourthgradestudents.  bt$USUS.,XX      1    __Arnwine_ԀadaptedhiscontractfromtheonethatexistedbetweentheBoardandDavid_Coppock_,Directorof e Schools.However,unlike_Arnwine_scontract,_Coppock_scontractwasvotedonandapprovedbythefullBoard. e 0.Normal<:Definition T<AA:Definition L , 5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 586Definition(''&H1      (&H2  (&H3  (&H4 XXX (&H5  (&H6  20Address8MM6Blockquote , , 5+ ` hp x 5   5+ ` hp x 5,*CITE,dl*CODEK<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS42Emphasis64Hyperlink    <:FollowedHype    4go2Keyboard K<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS <:Preformatted/%  ,Kk %#/K<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS/%  ,Kk %#/<:zBottom of 7(X7  ?%2A`Arial?  S\  `&Times New RomanS7(X7&  d d)1dxd'dxd<:zTop of For7(X7  ?%2A`Arial?  S\  `&Times New RomanS7(X7)2dxd0KS.SampleK<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterK<6X9`(Courier NewKS\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB  MNOPQRST 35;AGMSY_11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.<6X9`(Courier New\  `&Times New Roman%2A`Arial _ bt$USUS.,XX      5    _Localboardsofeducationaregrantedtheauthorityto [e]lect,upontherecommendationofthesuperintendent, e teacherswhohaveattainedorareeligiblefortenureandfixthesalariesofandmakewrittencontractswithsuch ) teachers[.]Tenn.CodeAnn.492203(a)(1)(1996&Supp.2000);SeealsoTenn.CodeAnn.4955206(a),495  5207(a),4955208(a)(2)(1996). !USUS.,  _e   <XXXX<&X<X ktO INTHESUPREMECOURTOFTENNESSEE e @@gg$ATKNOXVILLE#<XX<&y# & N  <SX<XMay6,2003Session#<XX<Se# L <&X<XY #<XX<&#  <SX<XRANDY_ARNWINE_Ԁv.UNIONCOUNTYBOARDOFEDUCATION,etal. #<XX<S1#  %   @@AppealbypermissionfromtheCourtofAppeals     ChanceryCourtforUnionCounty  p o@H H No.3884BillyJoeWhite,Chancellor  \ @*AV=) ` dE<` A߈     {  No.E200102719SCR11CVFiledNovember7,_2003 _    AV=) ` dE<W` A X  #XXX<XZ#SXX =XXdd=  #XXS#WegrantedpermissiontoappealinthiscasetodeterminewhethertheUnionCountyBoardof y Educationhadauthoritytoenterintoafouryearemploymentcontractwithanassistant e superintendent.Thetrialcourtfoundthatthepartiesfouryearcontractwasvalid.TheCourtof Q Appealsreversedthetrialcourtsdecision,concludingthatnostatutoryauthorityexistedforthe = UnionCountyBoardofEducationtoenterintoamultiyearemploymentcontractwithanassistant ) superintendent.WeaffirmthedecisionoftheCourtofAppeals.   eXXXX  @@DDTenn.R.App.P.11AppealbyPermission;JudgmentoftheCourtofAppealsAffirmed  #XXXeX# <XXX_Adolpho_ԀA.Birch,Jr.,J.,deliveredtheopinionofthecourt,inwhich% l ԀFrankF.Drowota,III, ` C.J.,and#XX<X #E.RileyAnderson%lX <XXXX,JaniceM.Holder,#XXX<X #andWilliamM.Barker,JJ.,% m %mc joined. L Lynn_Tarpy_ԀandThomasM._Leveille_,Knoxville,Tennessee,fortheappellant,Randy_Arnwine_. $ Jenny_Coques_ԀRogersandJohnC.Duffy,Knoxville,Tennessee,andCharlesW._Cagle_,Nashville, a  Tennessee,fortheappellees,UnionCountyBoardofEducationandDavidF._Coppock_. M!      Opinion %#" I.FactsandProceduralHistory $ $      Theplaintiff,Randy_Arnwine_,wasfirstemployedbytheUnionCountyBoardofEducation &p"& ( theBoard)in1979asateacher.Helaterwaspromotedtoprincipal,and,between1995and2000, '\#' heservedasthePersonnel,Safety,andTransportationSupervisor.AttheBoardsJuly1,2000, (H$( meeting,sixofthesevenmemberspresentvotedtoapproveamotionmadebyChairmanFred )4%) Simmonstogive_Arnwine_Ԁtheadditionaltitleof assistantsuperintendent.Therelevantminutes * &* ofthemeetingread: q+ '+ 8  MotionSimmons,secondedWilliamsunderRandy_Arnwine_stitleaddassistant I-(- k k8XXdd8j k  _superintendent,forDavid[][Coppocks]termbeginningSeptember1,2000,along e withhisothertitleswithnoextrapay.Q   8  Boardmembersrequestedalistofdutiesandjobdescription.)   8  MotionCarried.    8  Mr.Warwickvoted-No. t   Priortothistime,nopersonhadeverbeenemployedasanassistantsuperintendentinUnionCounty.  L    AtSimmonsrequest,Arnwinedraftedadocumententitled ContractofEmployment $  betweenRandyG.ArnwineandtheUnionCountyBoardofEducation.Thecontract,s c#  1      ׀dated u  August26,2000,providedforArnwinesemploymentasassistantsuperintendentto commenceon a  September1,2000,andcontinueforaninitialfour(4)yearterm,endingAugust31,2004.The M  documentwassignedbySimmonsandnotarizedonAugust26,2000.Arnwinealsosignedthe 9  document,buthissignaturewasnotnotarized.NootherBoardmembersignedthedocument.Itis % quiteclearthattheBoarddidnotdiscussArnwinescontractatanymeeting.Afterhisdefeatinthe  August2000election,SimmonslefttheBoardonSeptember1,2000.    OnSeptember1,2000,theDirectorofSchools,DavidCoppock,p c#  2      ׀wroteArnwinenotifying p himofhisimmediatetransferfromhispositioninthecentralofficetothepositionofinschool \ detentionmonitoratamiddleschool.Theletterstated, EffectiveSeptember1,2000,transfersof H employeeswithintheschoolsystemdonotrequireapprovalofthelocalboardofeducation.The 4 EducationImprovementActauthorizesaDirectorofSchoolstotransferandotherwiseassign   employeepositionsinthesystem.Arnwinespaywastobemaintainedforthe20002001school q  year,q, c#  3      ׀butitwastobe adjustedconsistentwith[Arnwines]assignmentwithinthesystemforthe ] 20012002schoolyear.r@  c#  4      ׀Duetobudgetaryconstraints,thepositionformerlyheldbyArnwinewas I notfilled.Rather,thedutiesofthatpositionwereallocatedamongotheremployees. 5   Followinghistransfer,Arnwinesoughtadeclaratoryjudgmentthathisfouryearcontract   withtheBoardwasvalidandenforceable.Healsorequestedthatthecourtdeclarehis demotion   invalidbaseduponhiscontractandtherelevantTennesseestatutes.Thetrialcourtfoundthatthe e minutesoftheJuly1,2000,meetingevidencedavalidfouryearcontractbetweentheBoardand Q Arnwine.ThetrialcourtfurtherfoundthatalthoughCoppockandtheBoardhadtheauthorityto = transferArnwinetoanotherpositionwithinthesystem,hissalaryduringthefouryearcontractterm ) couldnotbereduced.    Onappeal,theCourtofAppealsconcludedthattheBoardwaswithoutstatutoryauthority   toenterintoamultiyearemploymentcontractwithArnwine;consequently,itheldthatthecontract  t betweentheBoardandArnwinewasneithervalidnorenforceable.BecausetheCourtofAppeals  ` decidedthecaseupontheBoardslackofauthoritytoenterintoamultiyearemploymentcontract  L  withanassistantsuperintendent,itdidnotreachtheissueofwhethertheminutesoftheJuly1,2000,  8  meetingconstitutedavalidcontract. $    II.StandardofReview  a  " B(U83  Thiscaseinvolvesthescopeofaschoolboardsauthoritytocontractwithanemployee.The 9  scopeoflocalgovernmentauthorityisaquestionoflaw,andthus,ourreviewisdenovowithno % presumptionofcorrectnessgiventhejudgmentsofeitherthetrialcourtortheCourtofAppeals.S.  Constructors,Inc.v.LoudonCountyBd.ofEduc.,58S.W.3d706,710(Tenn.2001).    III.Analysis p %   Doesalocalschoolboardhavetheauthoritytoenterintoamultiyearcontractwithan H assistantsuperintendent?Aschoolboardisstatutorilyauthorizedtoenterintofouryearemployment 4 contractswithdirectorsofschools.Tenn.CodeAnn.492203(a)(15)(A)(1996&Supp.2000).   Aschoolboardmayalsoenterintoafouryearcontractwithaprincipal.Tenn.CodeAnn.492 q  303(a)(1)(1996)(statingthatacontractwithaprincipal shallnotexceedthecontracttermofthe ] currentsuperintendent).Incontrast,thestatutesprovidescantguidanceregardingassistant I superintendents,astheonlymentionof assistantsuperintendentappearsinTennesseeCode 5 Annotatedsection495903(1996),whichdesignatesemployeescoveredbylocalretirement ! systems.Thisprovisionisnotapplicablehere.     Indetermininghowassistantsuperintendentsarecharacterizedforpurposesofemployment !  contracts,weare,however,guided,byTennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection495501(10)(1996), "l! whichprovidesthat [a]susedinthispart,unlessthecontextotherwiserequires[,]ateacheris #X" definedasincluding teachers,supervisors,principals,superintendentsandallothercertificated $D # personnelemployedbyanylocalboardofeducation,forserviceinpublic,elementaryandsecondary %0!$ schoolsinTennessee,supportedinwholeorinpartbystateorfederalfunds.Becausewefindno &"% provisionspecificallyreferringtoanassistantsuperintendentinsection495501(10),weconclude m'#& thatanassistantsuperintendentfitsintothecategoryofa supervisor,who,bydefinition,isa Y(#'  teacher. E)$(   Wemustnowconsiderwhetheraschoolboardhastheauthoritytoenterintoamultiyear +&* contractwithateacher. [T]hisCourthasrecognizedthatmunicipalgovernmentsinTennessee  ,'+ derivethewholeoftheirauthoritysolelyfromtheGeneralAssembly....S.Constructors,Inc.v. e LoudonCountyBd.ofEduc.,58S.W.3d706,710(Tenn.2001).Thus, absentsomeindicationto Q thecontrary,theGeneralAssemblymustbepresumedtohaveendowedlocalgovernmentswithonly = asmuchauthorityasithasgrantedthroughthelanguageofitsdelegation.Id.at712. )   Itisapparentthatschoolboardshavetheauthoritytoenterintocontractswithteachers. c#  5      ׀   Thereisnoexpressauthority,however,forsuchteacherstohavemultiyearcontracts.Therefore,   wemustdeterminewhethersuchauthorityisimpliedbylookingattheintentofthelegislature.  t   OurCourthasheldthatindeterminingtheauthorityoflocalschoolboards,itisproperto  L  applyDillonsRuletoconstruetheintentoftheGeneralAssembly.S.Constructors,58S.W.3dat  8  71415. Atitsmostbasiclevel,DillonsRuleisacanonofstatutoryconstructionthatcallsforthe $  strictandnarrowconstructionoflocalgovernmentalauthority.Id.at710.DillonsRuleprovides u  thatamunicipalgovernmenthastheauthoritytoactonlywhen: a  8  (1)thepowerisgrantedinthe expresswordsofthestatute,privateact,orcharter 9  creatingthemunicipalcorporation;(2)thepoweris necessarilyorfairlyimpliedin, % orincidentto[,]thepowersexpresslygranted;or(3)thepowerisonethatisneither  expresslygrantednorfairlyimpliedfromtheexpressgrantsofpower,butis  otherwiseimpliedas essentialtothedeclaredobjectsandpurposesofthe  corporation.p   Id.at71011(discussingtheholdingofCityofNashvillev.Linck,80Tenn.(12Lea)499(1883)). H  [W]hileDillonsRuleisessentiallyonlyacanonofconstruction,itcontinuestoreflectthe 4 constitutionalrealitiesoflocalgovernmentinthisstate.Id.at711.Wealsoemphasizethat [a]ny   fair,reasonabledoubtconcerningtheexistenceofthepowerisresolvedbythecourtsagainstthe q  corporationandthepowerisdenied.Linck,80Tenn.(12Lea)at504(quoting1JohnF.Dillon, ] CommentariesontheLawofMunicipalCorporations173(1sted.1872)). I   Aswehavealreadyconcludedthatthereisnoexpressauthorityforschoolboardstoenter ! intomultiyearcontractswithteachers,wemustnowdeterminewhetherthelegislatureimpliedsuch   authority.TheCourtofAppealsfound aclearintentonthepartofthelegislaturethatthe   employmentofteachersistobeaccomplishedonayeartoyearbasis.Arnwinev.UnionCounty !  Bd.ofEduc.,No.E200102719COAR3CV,2002WL869960,at*3(Tenn.Ct.App.Nov.4, "l! 2002).Theintermediatecourtnotedthatthetimeframeofa schoolyearis aconceptcentralto #X" thestatutoryschemeregardingteacheremploymentintheschoolsetting.Id.at*4.Considering $D # theeducationstatutesinlightofDillonsRule,wealsoconcludethattheGeneralAssemblydidnot %0!$ intendtograntlocalschoolboardstheauthoritytoenterintomultiyearcontractswithteachers. &"%  m'#&   TheCourtofAppealscorrectlyanalyzedtheeducationstatutestodeterminethatthereisno e legislativeauthorityforschoolboardstoenterintomultiyearcontractswithteachers.Among Q others,theappellatecourtanalyzedthefollowingstatutes.TennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection495 = 409(b)(2)(1996&Supp.2000)providesthatteacherswhoaredismissedornotreelectedmust ) receivenoticepriortoApril15tobeapplicabletothenextsucceedingschoolyear.TennesseeCode  Annotatedsection495401(a)(1996&Supp.2000)providesthat [a]lleducatorsandotherschool   personneltobeemployedforthefollowingschoolyearshallbeassignedtotheseveralschoolsby   May15nextprecedingtheschoolyearforwhichsuchpersonsareemployed.TennesseeCode  t Annotatedsection495401(c)(1996&Supp.2000)furtherprovidesthatsuperintendentsmustfile  ` withthecommissionerofeducationacompletelistofallpersonnelemployedfortheensuingschool  L  yearbyJune1.Moreover,TennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection495402(a)(1996&Supp.2000)  8  providesthatthesuperintendentsmustconsiderthetrainingandexperienceofschoolpersonneland $  therespectivestatesalaryscheduleforeachschoolyearwhenestablishingsalaryratings.The u  superintendentsshouldthenfilesuchinformationwiththecommissionerofeducationbyDecember a  1.Tenn.CodeAnn.495402(c)(1996&Supp.2000). M    TheCourtofAppealsalsoexaminedthefollowingstatutesregardingteachersinthe career % ladderprogram.TennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection4955206(a)(1996)providesthat [a]nyduly  certifiedcareerlevelIteachershallbeemployedforten(10)months.TennesseeCodeAnnotated  section4955207(a)(1996)providesthat [u]ponreceivingacareerlevelIIteachercertificate,a  teachershallchooseeitheratenmonthorelevenmonthcontract.Finally,TennesseeCode p Annotatedsection4955208(a)(2)(1996)providesthat [u]ponreceivingacareerlevelIII \ certificate,ateachershallchooseaten(10),eleven(11),ortwelvemonthcontract.Basedonthe H foregoingstatutes,weconcludethatthereisnolegislativeintentforteacherstoreceivemultiyear 4 contracts.     Aswehavedeterminedthatanassistantsuperintendentisateacherforpurposesof ] employmentcontracts,wefurtherconcludethatthereisnolegislativeauthorityforaschoolboard I toenterintoamultiyearcontractwithateacher. 5   Nevertheless,ArnwinearguesthatTennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection751903(1992)   authorizesschoolboardstoenterintomultiyearcontracts.Thatstatuteprovides:   8  Exceptasotherwiseauthorizedorprovidedbylaw,municipalitiesarehereby "l! authorizedtoenterintolongtermcontractsforsuchperiodordurationasthe #X" municipalitymaydetermineforanypurposeforwhichshorttermcontractsnot $D # extendingbeyondthetermofthemembersofthegoverningbodycouldbeentered; %0!$ provided,thattheprovisionsof751902shallgoverntheperiodsortermsof &"% contracts,leases,andleasepurchaseagreementswithrespecttocapitalimprovement m'#& property.Y(#'   Id.OurCourtaddressedtheissueoflongtermcontractsinWashingtonCountyBoardofEducation 1*%) v.MarketAmerica,Inc.,693S.W.2d344(Tenn.1985).Inthatcase,theWashingtonCountyBoard +&* ofEducationenteredintoasevenyearcontractwithMarketAmerica,Inc.inwhichMarketAmerica  ,'+ wastoprovideaservicethatwouldpurportedlyreduceenergyconsumptionintheWashington e CountySchoolSystem.Id.at345.ThisCourtheldthattheschoolboardhadtheauthoritytoenter Q intosuchacontract.Id.at348.AlthoughthecontractinWashingtonprecededTennesseeCode = Annotatedsection751903,weheldthatthestatutewouldapplytofuturecasesinvolvingschool ) boards.Id.at349.    Weconclude,however,thatthecurrentcaseisdistinguishablefromWashington.Thatcase   involvedaschoolboardmakinganoutsidecontractwithautilitycompany.Thecaseatissuehere  t involvesemploymentcontractswithintheschoolsystem;therearespecificstatutesreferringto  ` personnelandemploymentcontractsineducation.Specificstatutoryprovisionscontrolover  L  conflictinggeneralprovisions.SeeDobbinsv.TerrazzoMach.&SupplyCo.,479S.W.2d806,809  8  (Tenn.1972). [W]herethemindofthelegislaturehasbeenturnedtothedetailsofasubjectand $  theyhaveacteduponit,astatutetreatingthesubjectinageneralmannershouldnotbeconsidered u  asintendedtoaffectthemoreparticularprovision.Woodroofv.CityofNashville,192S.W.2d a  1013,1015(Tenn.1946).Thus,weconcludethatTennesseeCodeAnnotatedsection751903does M  notapplyinthiscasebecausethelegislaturespecificallyaddressedissuesrelatingtoemployment 9  withintheeducationalsystem.SeeTenn.CodeAnn.491101,etseq.Wealsonotethatsection % 751903providesthatitapplies [e]xceptasotherwiseauthorizedorprovidedbylaw.We  concludethattheemploymentcontractsineducationfalloutsidethereachofTennesseeCode  Annotatedsection751903.    Becausenoexpressauthorityexistsforaschoolboardtoenterintoamultiyearcontractwith \ ateacher,weconcludethattheBoardinthiscasedidnothaveauthoritytoenterintoamultiyear H contractwithArnwineforthepositionofassistantsuperintendent.XXXX 4 #XXXXX#  IV.Conclusion  q  2Y  Fortheforegoingreasons,weaffirmthejudgmentoftheCourtofAppeals.Costsofthe I appealaretaxedtotheappellant,RandyArnwine,forwhichexecutionmayissue,ifnecessary. 5 eXXXX#XXXeXgZ#0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#  ___________________________________! (#(#    `     h     ADOLPHOA.BIRCH,JR.,JUSTICE