ÿWPCh  Žkè·z5}Nõæ|Nõø¶zghÏ`b4°'EG>´Ú@‘d©Ønî9=ƒE«·£Òýdž%|5¨ÑCsÛ?HzÏí LjÚg£XØâ³Yá ”H§ûSù%Ä.«g™¸L—×!ƒó^ä옵b|Ÿøx=Ùt(¼öwÌ\ËØÏlwÃý¿Ìz~L èM€Üðï¬ Òô%Œ@±À€ c±Tµå>I@Ÿ[¨è¯áCx@þÉJ¬1kZù—/p×Þ¦H$ÖD5RÉ!ÃL¦ª -Ë·° h&Ȉ…™ wл+×zùjpéuÊ,¯‰èüA]{mð’0Çq¶«ÿ„¥Wø¬?ot¨ÕúÍy+ß¾ßáŸÒÔ°,ÓZø© .’¢ýc»eÇt²ÅwY`V‰  ¨>oKWð8X¼o“-ÿx”k=ÐÔŸÇŽÃÚ=tUžäø”µ%£ „Ó"6¼DØKóÙyß“å„V¾ž·Ý»3Øù(-?Y¸œî/Ü™žá^ß”±ãE ¸tsq䕫۽ݛ²™A¹ùçÒuÌ£üЮ/`·K¼¿…âü43‡{Êè4Kz4…éã „`ØDs¯Ñø{î»öu š]$b#É\U N% %s 0Sy U$,Ì U>ø U@6 ^ v w‚ 4† š © m« b                         0²Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê Ê | P’ ’ ’ ’ ’ ’ â â â â ô   P ˜HP LaserJet 4300 PSØÚÈØØÈØÚ0(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(+F%$¡¡Ô€XˆXXXÔÓ  Ó,–ûyAZ‹Arial ô\  `‹&Times New Roman(ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman Bms1Þ )†N1ê:i¢×+003|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ- ù-0AAÿÿ.NormalÓ  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  ÓÿÿStarPageÿÿciteas((Cite as: 90 S.W.3d 641, *647)ÿÿSDU_18ÿÿSDU_19ÿÿSDU_20ÿÿciteas((Cite as: 90 S.W.3d 641, *648)Ý ƒF%!ÝÔ€X¤ÔXXXÔÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÓ  Óԇ芓çXXõÔò òÑ  ÑÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌAPPENDIXó óÔ#†XõXç芓#ÔÐ xÈ  ÐÌÐ  ì<  ÐÓuÓÙÙò òÑ€ÑÑ8€õXXdìdÈ8Ñ11€U.S.C.€ðð€1305€provides€in€full:ó óÐ ° ÐÌÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõV#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔà8  àFiling€and€allowance€of€post„petition€claimsÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõÚ#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔ.ЈØÐ Ð  ÐÌÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõT#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔà8  à(a)Ô#†X¤ÔXXXõ·#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔ€A€proof€of€claim€may€be€filed€by€any€entity€that€holds€a€claim€against€theÐ `° Ðdebtor„„ÐL œÐ Ð  ÐÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÝ‚'ÿÿÿÝÓ ÓÓ?+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ °œX?ÓÝ  Ýà0  àÔS‹ Û8 ˆÔÝ‚'ÿÿÿðÝÝ  ÝÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõÑ#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔà8` (#(#à(1)Ô#†X¤ÔXXXõ»#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔ€for€taxes€that€become€payable€to€a€governmental€unit€while€the€case€isÐ ‹ Û Ðpending;€or݃'ÿÿðyÝŒÐw Ç` Ð ` Ð  ÐŒÓ °œX°°ŒXÓÓ ÓÝ  ÝÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÝ‚'ÿÿÿÝÓ ÓÓ?+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ °œX?ÓÝ  ÝÝ‚'ÿÿKÝÝ  Ý݃'ÿÿK³݌̌Ó °œX°°ŒXÓÓ ÓÝ  Ýà8  àà0` Ð Ð àÔS¢ òO ŸÔÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ,#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔ(2)Ô#†X¤ÔXXXõz#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔ€that€is€a€consumer€debt,€that€arises€after€the€date€of€the€order€for€reliefÐ ¢ ò  Ðunder€this€chapter,€and€that€is€for€property€or€services€necessary€for€theÐ ŽÞ  Ðdebtor's€performance€under€the€plan.Ð zÊ  ÐÐ ` Ð ` Ð  ÐÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ¿#ÔÓ?+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ °œX?ÓÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔà8  à(b)Ô#†X¤ÔXXXõQ #ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔ€Except€as€provided€in€subsection€(c)€of€this€section,€a€claim€filed€underÐ R¢  Ðsubsection€(a)€of€this€section€shall€be€allowed€or€disallowed€under€section€502€ofÐ >Ž  Ðthis€title,€but€shall€be€determined€as€of€the€date€such€claim€arises,€and€shall€beÐ *z Ðallowed€under€section€502(a),€502(b),€or€502(c)€of€this€title,€or€disallowed€underÐ f Ðsection€502(d)€or€502(e)€of€this€title,€the€same€as€if€such€claim€had€arisen€beforeÐ R Ðthe€date€of€the€filing€of€the€petitionÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ¢ #ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÐî>Ð Ð  ÐÌÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ #ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔà8  à(c)Ô#†X¤ÔXXXõh #ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔ€A€claim€filed€under€subsection€(a)(2)€of€this€section€shall€be€disallowed€if€theÐ Æ Ðholder€of€such€claim€knew€or€should€have€known€that€prior€approval€by€the€trusteeÐ ² Ðof€the€debtor's€incurring€the€obligation€was€practicable€and€was€not€obtained.€€Ô#†X¤ÔXXXõ¹ #ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔОîÐ Ð  ÐÌÌÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔò ò11€U.S.C.€ðð€329€provides€in€full:ó óÐ b² ÐÌÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõz#ÔÓ?+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ °°ŒX?ÓÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔà0  à(a)€Any€attorney€representing€a€debtor€in€a€case€under€this€title,€or€in€connection€with€suchÐ :Š Ða€case,€whether€or€not€such€attorney€applies€for€compensation€under€this€title,€shall€fileÐ &v Ðwith€the€court€a€statement€of€the€compensation€paid€or€agreed€to€be€paid,€if€such€paymentÐ  b Ðor€agreement€was€made€after€one€year€before€the€date€of€the€filing€of€the€petition,€forÐ þ N Ðservices€rendered€or€to€be€rendered€in€contemplation€of€or€in€connection€with€the€case€byÐ ê!: Ðsuch€attorney,€and€the€source€of€such€compensation.€ÐÖ"& (#(# ÐÌà0  à(b)€If€such€compensation€exceeds€the€reasonable€value€of€any€such€services,€the€court€mayÐ ®$þ" Ðcancel€any€such€agreement,€or€order€the€return€of€any€such€payment,€to€the€extentÐ š%ê # Ðexcessive,€to€„€Ð†&Ö!$(#(# ÐÌà0  à(1)€the€estate,€if€the€property€transferred€„€Ð^(®#&(#(# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(A)€would€have€been€property€of€the€estate;€or€Ð6*†%(` (#` (# Ðâ âÐ "+r&) Ðà0  àà0` (#(#à(B)€was€to€be€paid€by€or€on€behalf€of€the€debtor€under€a€plan€under€chapter€11,€12,Ð ° Ðâ âor€13€of€this€title;€orМì` (#` (# ÐÌà0  à(2)€the€entity€that€made€such€payment.€Ô#†X¤ÔXXXõ;#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÐtÄ(#(# ÐÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõù#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÌÌò ò11€U.S.C.€ðð€330€provides€in€full:ó óÐ 8 ˆ ÐÔSw Ç$ tÔÓ?+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ °°ŒX?ÓÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõZ#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÌà8  à(a)(1)€After€notice€to€the€parties€in€interest€and€the€United€States€Trustee€and€aÐ c ³ Ðhearing,€and€subject€to€sections€326,€328,€and€329,€the€court€may€award€to€aÐ O Ÿ  Ðtrustee,€an€examiner,€a€professional€person€employed€under€section€327€or€1103€„€Ð;‹ Ð Ð  ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(A)€reasonable€compensation€for€actual,€necessary€services€rendered€by€theÐ c  Ðtrustee,€examiner,€professional€person,€or€attorney€and€by€any€paraprofessionalÐ ÿO  Ðperson€employed€by€any€such€person;€and€Ðë; ` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(B)€reimbursement€for€actual,€necessary€expenses.€ÐÃ` (#` (# ÐÌà0  à(2)€The€court€may,€on€its€own€motion€or€on€the€motion€of€the€United€States€Trustee,€theÐ ›ë ÐUnited€States€Trustee€for€the€District€or€Region,€the€trustee€for€the€estate,€or€any€otherÐ ‡× Ðparty€in€interest,€award€compensation€that€is€less€than€the€amount€of€compensation€that€isÐ sà Ðrequested.€Ð_¯(#(# ÐÌà0  à(3)(A)€In€determining€the€amount€of€reasonable€compensation€to€be€awarded,€the€courtÐ 7‡ Ðshall€consider€the€nature,€the€extent,€and€the€value€of€such€services,€taking€into€account€allÐ #s Ðrelevant€factors,€including€„€Ð_(#(# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(A)€the€time€spent€on€such€services;€Ðç7` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(B)€the€rates€charged€for€such€services;€Ð¿` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(C)€whether€the€services€were€necessary€to€the€administration€of,€or€beneficial€atÐ —!ç Ðthe€time€at€which€the€service€was€rendered€toward€the€completion€of,€a€case€underÐ ƒ"Ó  Ðthis€title;€Ðo#¿!` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(D)€whether€the€services€were€performed€within€a€reasonable€amount€of€timeÐ G%— # Ðcommensurate€with€the€complexity,€importance,€and€nature€of€the€problem,€issue,Ð 3&ƒ!$ Ðor€task€addressed;€and€Ð'o"%` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(E)€whether€the€compensation€is€reasonable€based€on€the€customary€compensationÐ ÷(G$' Ðcharged€by€comparably€skilled€practitioners€in€cases€other€than€cases€under€thisÐ ã)3%( Ðtitle.€ÐÏ*&)` (#` (# ÐÐ »+ '* Ðà0  à(4)(A)€Except€as€provided€in€subparagraph€(B),€the€court€shall€not€allow€compensationÐ ° Ðfor€„€Ðœì(#(# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(Ô_ÔiÔ_Ô)€unnecessary€duplication€of€services;€or€ÐtÄ` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(ii)€services€that€were€not€„€(I)€reasonably€likely€to€benefit€the€debtor's€estate;€orÐ L œ Ð(II)€necessary€to€the€administration€of€the€case.€Ð8 ˆ` (#` (# ÐÌà8  àà ` à(B)€In€a€chapter€12€or€chapter€13€case€in€which€the€debtor€is€an€individual,Ð  ` Ðthe€court€may€allow€reasonable€compensation€to€the€debtor's€attorney€forÐ ü L  Ðrepresenting€the€interests€of€the€debtor€in€connection€with€the€bankruptcy€caseÐ è 8  Ðbased€on€a€consideration€of€the€benefit€and€necessity€of€such€services€to€the€debtorÐ Ô$  Ðand€the€other€factors€set€forth€in€this€section.€ÐÀ Ð Ð  ÐÌà0  à(5)€The€court€shall€reduce€the€amount€of€compensation€awarded€under€this€section€by€theÐ ˜è  Ðamount€of€any€interim€compensation€awarded€under€section€331,€and,€if€the€amount€ofÐ „Ô  Ðsuch€interim€compensation€exceeds€the€amount€of€compensation€awarded€under€thisÐ pÀ Ðsection,€may€order€the€return€of€the€excess€to€the€estate.€Ð\¬(#(# ÐÌà0  à(6)€Any€compensation€awarded€for€the€preparation€of€a€fee€application€shall€be€based€onÐ 4„ Ðthe€level€and€skill€reasonably€required€to€prepare€the€application.€Ð p(#(# ÐÌà8  à(b)(1)€There€shall€be€paid€from€the€filing€fee€in€a€case€under€chapter€7€of€this€titleÐ øH Ð$45€to€the€trustee€serving€in€such€case,€after€such€trustee's€services€are€rendered.€Ðä4Ð Ð  ÐÌà0  à(2)€The€Judicial€Conference€of€the€United€States€„€Ð¼ (#(# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(A)€shall€prescribe€additional€fees€of€the€same€kind€as€prescribed€under€sectionÐ ”ä Ð1914(b)€of€title€28;€and€Ð€Ð` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(B)€may€prescribe€notice€of€appearance€fees€and€fees€charged€against€distributionsÐ X ¨ Ðin€cases€under€this€title;€to€pay€$15€to€trustees€serving€in€cases€after€such€trustees'Ð D!” Ðservices€are€rendered.€Beginning€1€year€after€the€date€of€the€enactment€of€theÐ 0"€  ÐBankruptcy€Reform€Act€of€1994,€such€$15€shall€be€paid€in€addition€to€the€amountÐ #l! Ðpaid€under€paragraph€(1).€Ð$X"` (#` (# ÐÌà8  à(c)€Unless€the€court€orders€otherwise,€in€a€case€under€chapter€12€or€13€of€this€titleÐ à%0!$ Ðthe€compensation€paid€to€the€trustee€serving€in€the€case€shall€not€be€less€than€$5Ð Ì&"% Ðper€month€from€any€distribution€under€the€plan€during€the€administration€of€theÐ ¸'#& Ðplan.€Ð¤(ô#'Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  à(d)€In€a€case€in€which€the€United€States€trustee€serves€as€trustee,€the€compensationÐ |*Ì%) Ðof€the€trustee€under€this€section€shall€be€paid€to€the€clerk€of€the€bankruptcy€courtÐ h+¸&* Ðand€deposited€by€the€clerk€into€the€United€States€Trustee€System€Fund€establishedÐ ° Ðby€section€589a€of€title€28.€Ô#†X¤ÔXXXõ1#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔМìÐ Ð  ÐÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõZ-#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÌò òExcerpts€from€Rule€8,€Rules€of€the€Supreme€Court:ó óÐ tÄ ÐÌÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ»-#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔò òà8  àDR€1„102.€€Misconduct.„„ó óÐL œÐ Ð  Ðà8  à(A)€A€lawyer€shall€not:Ð8 ˆÐ Ð  Ðà0  à(1)€Violate€a€Disciplinary€Rule.Ð$ t(#(# Ðà0  à(2)€Circumvent€a€Disciplinary€Rule€through€actions€of€anotherÐ `(#(# Ðà0  à(3)€Engage€in€illegal€conduct€involving€moral€turpitudeÐü L (#(# Ðà0  à(4)€Engage€in€conduct€involving€dishonesty,€fraud,€deceit€or€misrepresentation.Ðè 8 (#(# Ðà0  à(5)€Engage€in€conduct€that€is€prejudicial€to€the€administration€of€justice.ÐÔ$ (#(# Ðà0  à(6)€Engage€in€any€other€conduct€that€adversely€reflects€on€his€fitness€to€practice€law.ÐÀ (#(# Ðà0  à(7)€Wilfully€refuse€to€comply€with€a€court€order€entered€in€a€case€in€which€the€lawyer€is€aÐ ¬ü  Ðparty.Иè (#(# ÐÌò òà8  àDR€2„106.€€Fees€for€Legal€Services.„„ó óÐpÀÐ Ð  Ðà8  à(A)€A€lawyer€shall€not€enter€into€an€agreement€for,€charge€or€collect€an€illegal€orÐ \¬ Ðclearly€excessive€fee.ÐH˜Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  à(B)€A€fee€is€clearly€excessive€when,€after€a€review€of€the€facts,€a€lawyer€ofÐ  p Ðordinary€prudence€would€be€left€with€a€definite€and€firm€conviction€that€the€fee€isÐ  \ Ðin€excess€of€a€reasonable€fee.€€factors€to€be€considered€as€guides€in€determiningÐ øH Ðthe€reasonableness€of€a€fee€include€the€following:Ðä4Ð Ð  ÐÌà0  à(1)€The€time€and€labor€required,€the€novelty€and€difficulty€of€the€questions€involved,€andÐ ¼  Ðthe€skill€requisite€to€perform€the€legal€service€properly.à0È(#(#àШøÈ(#È(# ÐÌà0  à(2)€The€likelihood,€if€apparent€to€the€client,€that€the€acceptance€of€the€particularÐ €Ð Ðemployment€will€preclude€other€employment€by€the€lawyer.Ðl¼(#(# ÐÌà0  à(3)€The€fee€customarily€charged€in€the€locality€for€similar€legal€services.ÐD!”(#(# ÐÌà0  à(4)€The€amount€involved€and€the€results€obtained.Ð#l!(#(# ÐÌà0  à(5)€The€time€limitations€imposed€by€the€client€or€by€the€circumstances.Ðô$D #(#(# ÐÌà  à(6)€The€nature€and€length€of€the€professional€relationship€with€the€client.Ð Ì&"% ÐÌà0  à(7)€The€experience,€reputation,€and€ability€of€the€lawyer€or€lawyers€performing€€theÐ ¤(ô#' Ðservices.Ð)à$((#(# ÐÌà0  à(8)€Whether€the€fee€is€fixed€or€contingent.Ðh+¸&*(#(# Їà8  à(C)€A€lawyer€shall€not€enter€into€an€arrangement€for,€charge,€or€collect€aÐ ° Ðcontingent€fee€for€representing€a€defendant€in€a€criminal€case.МìÐ Ð  ÐÌÌò òà8  àDR€7„101.€€Representing€a€Client€Zealously.„„ó óÐ`°Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  à(A)(1)€A€lawyer€shall€act€with€reasonable€diligence€and€promptness€inÐ 8 ˆ Ðrepresenting€a€client.Ð$ tÐ Ð  Ðà0  àÐ (#(# Ðà8  à(2)€A€lawyer€shall€keep€a€client€reasonably€informed€about€the€status€of€a€matterÐ ü L  Ðand€promptly€comply€with€reasonable€requests€for€communication€or€information.Ðè 8 Ð Ð  ÐÌà0  à(3)€A€lawyer€shall€explain€a€matter€to€the€extent€reasonably€necessary€to€permit€the€clientÐ À  Ðto€make€informed€decisions€regarding€the€representation.Ьü (#(# ÐÌà0  à(4)€A€lawyer€shall€not€intentionally:Ð„Ô (#(# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(a)€Fail€to€seek€the€lawful€objectives€of€the€client€through€reasonably€availableÐ \¬ Ðmeans€permitted€by€law€and€the€Disciplinary€Rules,€except€as€provided€by€DR€7„Ð H˜ Ð101(B).€€A€lawyer€does€not€violate€this€Disciplinary€Rule,€however,€by€accedingÐ 4„ Ðto€reasonable€requests€of€opposing€counsel€which€do€not€prejudice€the€rights€ofÐ  p Ðthe€client,€by€being€punctual€in€fulfilling€all€professional€commitments,€byÐ  \ Ðavoiding€offensive€tactics,€or€by€treating€with€courtesy€and€consideration€allÐ øH Ðpersons€involved€in€the€legal€process.Ðä4` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(b)€Fail€to€carry€out€a€contract€of€employment€entered€into€with€a€client€forÐ ¼  Ðprofessional€services,€but€a€lawyer€may€withdraw€as€permitted€under€DR€2„110,Ð ¨ø ÐDR€5„102,€and€DR€5„105.à0À` (#` (#àДäÀ(#À(# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#à(c)€Prejudice€or€damage€the€client€during€the€course€of€the€professionalÐ l¼ Ðrelationship,€except€as€is€required€under€DR€7„102(B).ÐX ¨` (#` (# ÐÌà8  à(B)€In€the€representation€of€a€client,€a€lawyer€may:Ð0"€ Ð Ð  Ðà0  àÐ (#(# Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð à(1)€Where€permissible,€exercise€professional€judgment€to€waive€orÐ $X" Ðfail€to€assert€a€right€or€position€of€the€client.Ðô$D #` x` x Ðà8  àà0` Ð Ð à(2)€Refuse€to€aid€or€participate€in€conduct€that€the€lawyer€believes€to€beÐ à%0!$ Ðunlawful,€even€though€there€is€some€support€for€an€argument€that€theÐ Ì&"% Ðconduct€is€legal.и'#&` Ð ` Ð  ÐÌÐ  )à$( Ðò òà@òò ìàDR€7„102.€€Representing€a€Client€Within€the€Bounds€of€the€Law.„„ó óˆÐ ° ÐÔSï?œìÔÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõK.#ÔÓ?+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ °°ŒX?ÓÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔà8  à(A)€In€the€representation€of€a€client,€a€lawyer€shall€not:Ðï?Ð Ð  ÐÓ ,ÓÌà8 4 à(1)€File€a€suit,€assert€a€position,€conduct€a€defense,€delay€a€trial,€or€take€otherÐ Ç Ðaction€on€behalf€of€the€client€when€the€lawyer€knows€or€when€it€is€obviousÐ ³ Ðthat€Ô% ‡S ÔÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõE#ÔÔ%†SkFÔÔ% ‡T ÔÔ%†T¬FÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔsuch€action€would€serve€merely€to€harass€or€maliciously€Ô% ‡Z ÔÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõÊF#ÔÔ%†Z!GÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔinjure€another.П ï4Ð 4Ð  ÐÐ Ðà8 4 à(2)€Knowingly€advance€a€claim€or€defense€that€is€unwarranted€under€existingÐ w Ç Ðlaw,€except€that€the€lawyer€may€advance€such€claim€or€defense€if€it€can€beÐ c ³ Ðsupported€by€good€faith€argument€for€an€extension,€modification,€or€reversalÐ O Ÿ  Ðof€existing€law.Ð ;‹  ÐÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 à(3)€Conceal€or€knowingly€fail€to€disclose€that€which€the€lawyer€is€required€byÐ c  Ðlaw€to€reveal.Ð ÿO  ÐÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 à(4)€Knowingly€use€perjured€testimony€or€false€evidence.Ð ×' ÐÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 à(5)€Knowingly€make€a€false€statement€of€law€or€fact.Ð ¯ÿ ÐÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 à(6)€Participate€in€the€creation€or€preservation€of€evidence€when€the€lawyerÐ ‡× Ðknows€or€it€is€obvious€that€the€evidence€is€false.Ð sà ÐÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 à(7)€Counsel€or€assist€the€client€in€conduct€that€the€lawyer€knows€to€be€illegalÐ K› Ðor€fraudulent.Ð 7‡ ÐÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 à(8)€Knowingly€engage€in€other€illegal€conduct€or€conduct€contrary€to€aÐ _ ÐDisciplinary€Rule.ÐûK4Ð 4Ð  ÐÌÓ ,Óà8  à(B)€A€lawyer€who€receives€information€clearly€establishing€that:ÐÓ#Ð Ð  Ðà8  àÐ Ð Ð  ÐÓ ,Óà8 4 à(1)€The€lawyer's€client€has,€in€the€course€of€the€representation,€perpetrated€aÐ « û Ðfraud€upon€a€person€or€tribunal,€shall€promptly€call€upon€the€client€to€rectifyÐ —!ç Ðthe€same,€and€if€the€client€refuses€or€is€unable€to€do€so,€the€lawyer€shall€revealÐ ƒ"Ó  Ðthe€fraud€to€the€affected€person€or€tribunal,€except€when€the€information€isÐ o#¿! Ðprotected€as€a€privileged€communication.Ð [$«" ÐÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 àÔ% ‡^ ÔÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõbG#ÔÔ%†^cOÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔ(2)€A€person€other€than€the€client€has€perpetrated€a€fraud€upon€a€tribunal€shallÐ 3&ƒ!$ Ðpromptly€reveal€the€fraud€to€the€tribunal.Ð 'o"% ÐÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ¤O#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÐ 4Ð 4Ð  ÐÌÓ ,XMÓò òÐ  ã)3%( Ðà8  àDR€7„106.€€Trial€Conduct.€„„ó óаРР ÐÔSï?œìÔÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ‹P#ÔÓ?+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ °°ŒX?ÓÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔà8  à(A)€A€lawyer€shall€not€disregard€or€advise€the€client€to€disregard€a€standing€rule€ofÐ ï? Ða€tribunal€or€a€ruling€of€a€tribunal€made€in€the€course€of€a€proceeding,€but€mayÐ Û+ Ðtake€appropriate€steps€in€good€faith€to€test€the€validity€of€such€rule€or€ruling.Ð Ç ÐÐ Ð Ð  Ðà8  à(B)€In€presenting€a€matter€to€a€tribunal,€a€lawyer€shall€disclose:П ïÐ Ð  ÐÓ ,ÓÌà8 4 à(1)€Legal€authority€in€the€controlling€jurisdiction€known€to€the€lawyer€to€beÐ w Ç Ðdirectly€adverse€to€the€position€of€the€client€and€which€is€not€disclosed€byÐ c ³ Ðopposing€counsel.Ð O Ÿ  ÐÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 à(2)€Unless€privileged€or€irrelevant,€the€identities€of€the€clients€the€lawyerÐ 'w  Ðrepresents€and€of€the€persons€who€employed€the€lawyer.Ðc 4Ð 4Ð  ÐÓ ,’SÓÐ Ðà8  à(C)€In€appearing€in€a€professional€capacity€before€a€tribunal,€a€lawyer€shall€not:Ðë; Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àÐ ` x` x ÐÓ ,Óà8 4 à(1)€State€or€allude€to€any€matter€that€the€lawyer€has€no€reasonable€basis€toÐ Ã Ðbelieve€is€relevant€to€the€case€or€that€will€not€be€supported€by€admissible€evidence.Ð ¯ÿ ÐÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 à(2)€Ask€any€question€that€the€lawyer€has€no€reasonable€basis€to€believe€isÐ ‡× Ðrelevant€to€the€case€and€that€is€intended€to€degrade€a€witness€or€other€Ô% ‡_ ÔÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ­Q#ÔÔ%†_õWÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔperson.ÐsÃ4Ð 4Ð  ÐÐ Ðà8 4 à(3)€Assert€the€lawyer's€personal€knowledge€of€the€facts€in€issue,€except€whenÐ K› Ðtestifying€as€a€witness.Ð7‡4Ð 4Ð  ÐÐ Ðà8 4 à(4)€Assert€the€lawyer's€personal€opinion€as€to€the€justness€of€a€cause,€as€to€theÐ _ Ðcredibility€of€a€witness,€as€to€the€culpability€of€a€civil€litigant,€or€as€to€the€guiltÐ ûK Ðor€innocence€of€an€accused;€but€a€lawyer€may€argue,€on€the€lawyer's€analysisÐ ç7 Ðof€the€evidence,€for€any€position€or€conclusion€with€respect€to€the€mattersÐ Ó# Ðstated€herein.п4Ð 4Ð  ÐÐ Ðà8 4 à(5)€Fail€to€comply€with€known€local€customs€of€courtesy€or€practice€of€the€barÐ —!ç Ðor€a€particular€tribunal€without€giving€to€opposing€counsel€timely€notice€of€anÐ ƒ"Ó  Ðintent€not€to€comply.Ð o#¿! ÐÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ6X#ÔÔ% ‡a ÔÔ%†a7\ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 à(6)€Engage€in€undignified€or€discourteous€conduct€which€is€degrading€to€a€tribunal.Ð G%— # ÐÐ 4Ð 4Ð  Ðà8 4 à(7)€Intentionally€or€habitually€violate€any€established€rule€of€procedure€or€ofÐ 'o"% Ðevidence.Ô#†X¤ÔXXXõU\#ÔÔ‡XõXXX¤ÔÔÐ ([#&4Ð 4Ð  ÐÓ ,EVÓÔ#†X¤ÔXXXõ³]#Ô