ÿWPC Ýa„–Ä®Ï Ë?¤Ï ¾˜5  &ÆWJƒûqG½ƒÄ.'i¡Êy—'Šð@“5ˆùæüIàŠq×­“©;Ÿ†-1ÜJa;©ŸqEqTnrÚº´…Þö»‡ä“«éJµ¶ZéæùÍÃqÏŒ”Û3š B«ãhÉ•„\Öä£lm&Î웨˜_$šwš?M†W~†~jɯoQ#`âÉØÁ…68¢ó‡¼™åxÆ^D´‚ uî­¿Yø ¸ÒÌv> !Z‰Jþ°éª§«îcqœ„ÍÉjM»i~Ë Ç÷Ek:DH?Ç”‚ aw;oNûˆŒý©Fµ^$ìãÝb›³ÿ·ûÍj?v¬N>_·½}¶•@ `ñ%ІoE™ ŽNµÑp ZaDcõnBÐß]£í¬'\pÿVWêEÇ^'† 4åô…>ÏÄ:E³èZ+)ÑœÂê}&_ù•±µôÖþi*ÂÓ-þijVv`ÄÁ’Å´0át·®‡4-ã›ú*)ÖfƳÏá.´^¼œ\,/x­BLÉÊ#þ™#¢6¯®*á %Lþ}ªå×ð6d«SC ó¶Â ð5ï| ᣣñT¾'tt‹/áêW#ÉÂUN‹ %Ù 0:ß U @ UNY U@§ ^ ç wó 4÷   m 0©3 0DÜ N b" * :© © Eã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã ã  å  ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï ï Bù ˜\\IB01S01\CLERK1NASÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0(@øÐ Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(üœ$¡¡ÔUSUS.,Ô(ÆúI Z(Times New Roman (í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular(ÆúI Z‹(Times New Roman (˜^/Ï o=/B011S13|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ(Y(2s®$¤¤Ý ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÓ  ÓÔ€ôWNòXXÔà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó- ù- uÝ ƒs®$ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÓ  ÓÔ€ôWNòXXÔà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔThe€defendant€argued€in€his€brief€that€he€had€a€valid€post„conviction€claim€based€on€ineffective€assistance€ofÐ ° Ðcounsel.€€He€alleged€that€counsel€was€deficient€for€failing€to€file€a€timely€motion€for€new€trial. 0Ñ#€Xÿÿd#ÑÑ € Ñ1112 dÝ ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÑ€6aÑ€à@™ ™ ìàò òó óÔ‡XµZXXXÔÔ‡îŠDîXXµZÔIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@õõ%ìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†XµZXîîŠD–#ÔÔ‡¼»XXµZԈРÖ& ÐÓ  ÓApril€9,€2003€SessionÐ üL ÐÔ#†XµZX»¼+#ÔÌò òÔ‡¼»XXµZÔSTATE€OF€TENNESSEE€v.€REGINALD€D.€TERRY€òòóóÔ#†XµZX»¼½#Ôó óÐ úJ ÐÌà@@½½ìàò òAppeal€by€Permission€from€the€Criminal€Court€of€AppealsÐ ú J ÐCriminal€Court€for€Shelby€CountyÐ æ 6 Ðà@@øøìàNo.€98„03934€€€€€€W.€Fred€Ô_ÔAxleyÔ_Ô,€JudgeÐ Ò " ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<•` AßÐ –æ  ÐÌà@@TTìàNo.€W2001„03027„SC„R11„CDÔ#†XµZXXXµZw#Ô€„€Filed€October€30,€2003ó óÔ‡XµZXXXµZÔò òÐ ‘á  ÐÌÓ=€µZXÐXdÐd=ÓßA€V) °°` dE<h` AßÔ#†XµZXXXµZ#Ôó óÓ  ÓÐ i¹  ÐÌÌÔ‡XµZXXXµZÔÓ  ÓWe€granted€the€defendantððs€application€for€permission€to€appeal€pursuant€to€Rule€11€of€theÐ P  ÐTennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure€to€decide€whether€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespassÐ <Œ Ðis€a€lesser„included€offense€of€attempted€aggravated€burglary,€and,€if€so,€whether€the€trial€court€inÐ (x Ðthis€case€committed€plain€error€by€failing€to€so€instruct€the€jury.€€Ô#†XµZXXXµZ#ÔÔ‡XµZXXXµZÔThe€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals€heldÐ d Ðthat€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass€is€not€a€lesser„included€offense€of€attempted€aggravatedÐ P Ðburglary€and€thus€found€no€error€in€the€trial€courtððs€failure€to€so€instruct€the€jury.€€The€defendantÐ ì< Ðappealed€to€this€Court.€€After€a€thorough€review€of€the€record€and€the€relevant€case€law,€we€concludeÐ Ø( Ðthat€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass€is€a€lesser„included€offense€of€attempted€aggravatedÐ Ä Ðburglary.€€However,€we€hold€that€the€failure€to€instruct€the€jury€on€this€lesser„included€offense€wasÐ ° Ðnot€plain€error.€€Accordingly,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals.€€Ð œì ÐÔ#†XµZXXXµZ#ÔÌò òÔ‡XµZXXXµZÔà@""ìàTenn.€R.€App.€P.€11;€Judgment€of€the€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals€is€Affirmedó óˆÐ tÄ ÐÌòòÔ#†XµZXàXµZZ #ÔÔ‡XµZXàXµZÔÔ_ÔAdolphoÔ_Ô€A.€Birch,€Jr.,óó€J.,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€whichòòÔ% ‡2 Ô€Frank€F.€Drowota,€III,Ð L œ ÐC.J.,€óóand€òòE.€Riley€Anderson,€Janice€M.€Holder,€Ô#†XµZXàXµZ #Ôóóand€òòWilliam€M.€Barker,€JJ.,Ô%†2¡ ÔÔ% ‡3 ÔòòóóÔ%†3d Ôóó€joined.òòÔ‡XµZXàXµZÔóóÐ 8!ˆ  ÐÌW.€Mark€Ward€and€Robert€Wilson€Jones€(on€appeal);€and€Timothy€J.€Ô_ÔAlbersÔ_Ô€and€WilliamÐ #`" ÐÔ_ÔYonkowskiÔ_Ô€(at€trial),€Assistant€Public€Defenders,€Memphis,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€ReginaldÐ ü#L# ÐD.€Terry.Ð è$8 $ ÐÌÔ#†XµZXXXµZ– #ÔÔ‡XµZXXXµZÔPaul€G.€Summers,€Attorney€General€and€Reporter;€Michael€E.€Moore,€Solicitor€General;€Mark€E.Ð À&"& ÐDavidson,€Assistant€Attorney€General€(on€appeal);€William€L.€Gibbons,€District€Attorney€General;Ð ¬'ü"' Ðand€Julie€Ô_ÔMosleyÔ_Ô,€Assistant€District€Attorney€General,€for€the€appellee,€State€of€Tennessee.Ô#†XµZXXXµZ.#ÔÐ ˜(è#( ÐÌÓ  Óò òOPINIONó ó€Ð p*À%* ÐÌI.€€Facts€and€Procedural€HistoryÐ L,œ', ÐÓ  ÓÐ 8-ˆ(- ÐÑ6aÑâ âÑ8€µZXXdìdÈ8ÑÑ€Ñâ âÑ  ÑÔ_Ôà  àThis€case€has€been€before€this€Court€on€a€prior€occasion.€€The€underlying€facts€and€proceduralÐ ° Ðhistory€are€as€follows.€€Following€a€trial,€a€jury€convicted€the€defendant€of€attempted€aggravatedÐ œì Ðburglary.€€The€defendant€failed€to€file€a€timely€motion€for€new€trial,€and€the€judgment€of€the€trialÐ ˆØ Ðcourt€became€final€thirty€days€after€entry.€€The€defendant€appealed€the€conviction€to€the€Court€ofÐ tÄ ÐCriminal€Appeals,€contending,€òòinter€aliaóó,€that€the€trial€court€committed€plain€error€when€it€failed€toÐ `° Ðinstruct€the€jury€on€the€lesser„included€offense€of€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass.€€TheÐ L œ Ðintermediate€court€affirmed€the€conviction,€and€the€defendant€appealed€to€this€Court€pursuant€to€RuleÐ 8 ˆ Ð11€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Appellate€Procedure.€€We€granted€the€defendantððs€Rule€11€applicationÐ $ t Ðfor€the€sole€purpose€of€remanding€the€case€to€the€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals€for€reconsideration€ofÐ  ` Ðthe€plain€error€issue€in€light€of€our€then„recent€decision€in€òòState€v.€Elyóó,€48€S.W.3d€710€(Tenn.€2001).Ð ü L  ÐÌà  àOn€remand€the€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals€again€affirmed€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court.€€TheÐ Ô$  Ðintermediate€court€did€not€reach€the€plain€error€issue,€but€rather€held€that€attempted€aggravatedÐ À  Ðcriminal€trespass€was€not€a€lesser„included€offense€of€attempted€aggravated€burglary€under€the€testÐ ¬ü  Ðarticulated€by€this€Court€in€òòState€v.€Burnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€453,€466„67€(Tenn.€1999).€€Therefore,€theÐ ˜è  Ðintermediate€court€found€that€there€was€no€error€in€failing€to€instruct€the€jury€on€the€offense€ofÐ „Ô  Ðattempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass.€€Ð pÀ ÐÌà  àThe€defendant€appealed€to€this€Court€for€a€second€time€contending€that€attempted€aggravatedÐ H˜ Ðcriminal€trespass€is€a€lesser„included€offense€of€attempted€aggravated€burglary€and€that€the€trial€courtÐ 4„ Ðcommitted€plain€error€when€it€failed€to€instruct€the€jury€on€this€offense.€€Further,€the€defendantÐ  p Ðasserted€that€this€Court€should€review€the€issue€on€its€merits€in€the€interest€of€preventing€needlessÐ  \ Ðfuture€litigation.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€òòSeeóó€Tenn.€R.€App.€P.€13(b)€(2003).€€We€granted€review€to€determine€whetherÐ øH Ðattempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass€is€a€lesser„included€offense€of€the€charged€offense,€and€if€so,Ð ä4 Ðwhether€the€trial€court€committed€plain€error€by€failing€to€so€instruct€the€jury.Ð Ð  ÐÌò òà@JJìàó óII.€€Standard€of€ReviewˆÐ ¨ø ÐÌà  àThe€facts€of€this€case€are€undisputed,€and€the€only€issue€before€this€Court€involves€theÐ €Ð Ðapplication€of€the€law€to€those€facts.€€We€review€questions€of€law€de€novo€without€a€presumptionÐ l¼ Ðof€correctness€for€the€decision€of€the€court€below.Ô‡XµZXXXµZÔ€€òòWeston€v.€Stateóó,€60€S.W.3d€57,€59€(Tenn.€2001).Ô#†XµZXXXµZ_#ÔÐ X ¨ ÐÌòòà@éé#ìàóóIII.€€AnalysisòòóóˆÐ 0"€  ÐÌà  àð ðIn€applying€the€lesser-included€offense€doctrine,€three€questions€arise:€€(1)€whether€anÐ $X" Ðoffense€is€a€lesser-included€offense;€(2)€whether€the€evidence€supports€a€lesser-included€offenseÐ ô$D # Ðinstruction;€and€(3)€whether€an€instructional€error€is€harmless.ðð€€òòState€v.€Allenóó,€69€S.W.3d€181,€187Ð à%0!$ Ð(Tenn.€2002).€€On€appeal,€the€State€concedes€that€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass€is€a€lesser„Ð Ì&"% Ðincluded€offense€of€attempted€aggravated€burglary,€that€òòóóthe€evidence€supported€such€an€instruction,Ð ¸'#& Ðand€that€the€failure€to€instruct€on€this€offense€was€not€harmless€error€beyond€a€reasonable€doubt.€Ð ¤(ô#' ÐThus,€the€State€contends€that€the€only€issue€before€this€Court€is€whether€the€instructional€errorÐ ° Ðconstituted€plain€error€warranting€review.Ð œì ÐÌÓ  ÓA.€€Lesser„included€OffenseÐ tÄ ÐÓ  ÓÌà  àWe€agree€with€the€parties€that€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass€is€a€lesser„includedÐ L œ Ðoffense€of€attempted€aggravated€burglary.€€Pursuant€to€the€òòBurnsóó€test,€an€offense€is€lesser„includedÐ 8 ˆ Ðif:Ð $ t ÐÌà8  à(a)€all€of€its€statutory€elements€are€included€within€the€statutory€elements€of€theÐ ü L  Ðoffense€charged;€or€Ðè 8 Ð Ð  Ðà8  à(b)€it€fails€to€meet€the€definition€in€part€(a)€only€in€the€respect€that€it€contains€aÐ Ô$  Ðstatutory€element€or€elements€establishing€ÐÀ Ð Ð  Ðà8  à(1)€a€different€mental€state€indicating€a€lesser€kind€of€culpability;€and/or€Ð¬ü Ð Ð  Ðà8  à(2)€a€less€serious€harm€or€risk€of€harm€to€the€same€person,€property€or€public€interest;Ð ˜è  ÐorÐ„Ô Ð Ð  Ðà8  à(c)€it€consists€ofÐpÀÐ Ð  Ðà8  à(1)€facilitation€of€the€offense€charged€or€of€an€offense€that€otherwise€meets€theÐ \¬ Ðdefinition€of€lesser-included€offense€in€part€(a)€or€(b);€orÐH˜Ð Ð  Ѐà8  à(2)€an€attempt€to€commit€the€offense€charged€or€an€offense€that€otherwise€meets€theÐ 4„ Ðdefinition€of€lesser-included€offense€in€part€(a)€or€(b);€orÐ pÐ Ð  Ѐà8  à(3)€solicitation€to€commit€the€offense€charged€or€an€offense€that€otherwise€meets€theÐ  \ Ðdefinition€of€lesser-included€offense€in€part€(a)€or€(b).ÐøHÐ Ð  ÐÌòòóó6€S.W.3d€at€466„67.€€Although€both€parties€agree€that€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass€is€aÐ Ð  Ðlesser„included€offense€of€attempted€aggravated€burglary€pursuant€to€part€(b)€of€this€test,€we€provideÐ ¼  Ðthe€following€analysis€because€this€Court€has€not€yet€decided€the€matter€and€because€there€areÐ ¨ø Ðconflicting€intermediate€court€decisions.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Motenóó,€No.€W2001„01922„CCA„R3„CD,€2002Ð ”ä ÐWL€31730891,€at€*3€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€Nov.€22,€2002)€(finding€that€ð ðcriminal€trespass€is€not€aÐ €Ð Ðlesser„included€offense€of€aggravated€burglaryðð);€òòState€v.€Terryóó,€No.€W2001„03027„CCA„RM„CD,Ð l¼ Ð2002€WL€31259488,€at€*6€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€Aug.€27,€2002)€(holding€that€aggravated€criminalÐ X ¨ Ðtrespass€is€not€a€lesser„included€offense€of€aggravated€burglary€and€thus,€that€attempted€aggravatedÐ D!” Ðcriminal€trespass€is€not€a€lesser„included€offense€of€attempted€aggravated€burglary);€òòState€v.€Johnsonóó,Ð 0"€  ÐNo.€E2000„00009„CCA„R3„CD,€2001€WL€81696,€at€*8€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€Jan.€31,€2001)€(holdingÐ #l! Ðð ð[c]riminal€trespass,€aggravated€or€otherwise,€is€not€a€lesser„included€offense€of€burglary,€aggravatedÐ $X" Ðor€otherwiseðð);€òòState€v.€Townesóó,€56€S.W.3d€30,€39€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2000)€(finding€thatÐ ô$D # Ðð ðemploying€a€statutory€approach€.€.€.€,€criminal€trespass€cannot€be€a€lesser„included€offense€ofÐ à%0!$ Ðburglaryðð);€òòcf.óó€òòState€v.€Whiteóó,€No.€E2001„02429„CCA„R3„CD,€2002€WL€1732338,€at€*4€(Tenn.Ð Ì&"% ÐCrim.€App.€Apr.€12,€2002)€(holding€that€criminal€trespass€is€a€lesser„included€offense€of€aggravatedÐ ¸'#& Ðburglary);€òòState€v.€Reddóó,€No.€W2000„01620„CCA„R3„CD,€2001€WL€912718,€at€*5€(Tenn.€Crim.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐApp.€Aug.€9,€2001)€(finding€that€ð ðcriminal€trespass€[is€a]€lesser„included€offense[]€of€burglaryðð).€òòóóÐ )à$( ÐÌà  àWe€begin€our€analysis€by€noting€that€if€aggravated€criminal€trespass€is€a€lesser„includedÐ h+¸&* Ðoffense€of€aggravated€burglary€under€part€(b)€of€the€òòBurnsóó€test,€then€attempted€aggravated€criminalÐ ° Ðtrespass€would€likewise€be€a€lesser„included€offense€of€attempted€aggravated€burglary€under€part€(c)Ð œì Ðof€the€test.€€òòSeeóó€òòBurnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€467.€€Therefore,€the€issue€we€must€decide€is€whether€aggravatedÐ ˆØ Ðcriminal€trespass€is€a€lesser„included€offense€of€aggravated€burglary.€€Ð tÄ ÐÌà  àThe€crime€of€aggravated€burglary€is€committed€when€a€person:€€(1)€without€the€effectiveÐ L œ Ðconsent€of€the€property€owner;€(2)€enters€a€habitation€or€remains€concealed€in€such€habitation;€andÐ 8 ˆ Ð(3)€has€the€intent€to€commit€a€felony,€theft€or€assault,€or€does€commit€or€attempt€to€commit€a€felony,Ð $ t Ðtheft€or€assault.€€òòóóTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„14„402€to€39„14„403€(1997).€€The€crime€of€aggravatedÐ  ` Ðcriminal€trespass€is€committed€when€a€person:€€(1)€knowing€the€person€does€not€have€the€ownerððsÐ ü L  Ðeffective€consent€to€do€so;€(2)€enters€or€remains€on€property€owned€by€another,€or€a€portion€thereof;Ð è 8  Ðand€(3)€intends,€knows,€or€is€reckless€about€whether€such€personððs€presence€will€cause€fear€for€theÐ Ô$  Ðsafety€of€another.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðððð€39„14„405€to€39„14„406€(1997).€Ð À  ÐÌà  àAggravated€criminal€trespass€contains€two€elements€in€addition€to€those€elements€ofÐ ˜è  Ðaggravated€burglary:€€first,€that€a€defendant€knows€he€or€she€does€not€have€the€ownerððs€effectiveÐ „Ô  Ðconsent€to€enter€or€remain€on€the€ownerððs€property;€second,€that€a€defendant€intends,€knows,€or€isÐ pÀ Ðreckless€about€whether€his€or€her€presence€will€cause€fear€for€the€safety€of€another.€€Therefore,€thisÐ \¬ Ðoffense€does€not€meet€part€(a)€of€the€òòBurnsóó€test.€€òòSeeóó€òòBurnsóó,€6€S.W.3d€at€466.€€It€does,€however,€meetÐ H˜ Ðpart€(b)€of€the€òòBurnsóó€test€because€the€two€additional€elements€merely€establish€a€different€mentalÐ 4„ Ðstate€indicating€a€lesser€kind€of€culpability€and€establish€a€less€serious€harm€or€risk€of€harm€to€theÐ  p Ðsame€person,€property,€or€public€interest.€€òòSeeóó€òòid.óó€at€466„67.Ð  \ ÐÌà  àIn€order€to€be€found€guilty€of€aggravated€criminal€trespass,€a€defendant€must€know€that€heÐ ä4 Ðor€she€does€not€have€the€ownerððs€consent€to€enter€or€remain€on€the€ownerððs€property.€€There€is€noÐ Ð  Ðrequirement€that€a€defendant€intend€to€commit€a€felony,€theft€or€assault€while€on€the€property.€€Thus,Ð ¼  Ðthe€different€mental€state€for€entering€or€remaining€on€the€property€indicates€a€lesser€kind€ofÐ ¨ø Ðculpability€for€a€defendant€than€that€required€for€burglary.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Elyóó,€48€S.W.3d€710,€720„21Ð ”ä Ð(Tenn.€2001).€€Further,€while€a€defendant€must€intend,€know,€or€act€recklessly€with€regard€to€whetherÐ €Ð Ðhis€or€her€presence€will€cause€fear€for€the€safety€of€another,€there€is€no€requirement€that€a€defendantÐ l¼ Ðintend,€know,€or€act€recklessly€with€regard€to€the€cause€of€a€felony,€theft€or€assault;€again,€thisÐ X ¨ Ðindicates€a€lesser€kind€of€culpability€for€a€defendant€than€that€required€for€burglary.€€Lastly,€theÐ D!” Ðelement€of€aggravated€criminal€trespass€requiring€that€the€defendant€must€enter€or€remain€on€theÐ 0"€  Ðownerððs€property,€rather€than€a€habitation,€is€a€less€serious€harm€or€risk€of€harm€to€the€same€propertyÐ #l! Ðowner€because€there€is€no€requirement€that€the€defendant€actually€enter€a€habitation€on€the€property.Ð $X" ЀÌà  àFor€these€reasons,€we€conclude€that€aggravated€criminal€trespass€is€a€lesser„included€offenseÐ à%0!$ Ðof€aggravated€burglary.€€Thus,€we€also€conclude€that€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass€is€aÐ Ì&"% Ðlesser„included€offense€of€attempted€aggravated€burglary.€€In€so€far€as€this€holding€conflicts€withÐ ¸'#& Ðcases€holding€otherwise,€including€òòState€v.€Townesóó,€56€S.W.3d€30,€39€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.€2000),Ð ¤(ô#' Ðthose€cases€are€overruled.€€We€now€proceed€to€the€dispositive€issue€of€this€case.Ð )à$( Ðò òÓ  ÓÌó óB.€€Plain€ErrorÐ h+¸&* ЇÓ7BÓà  àAlthough€we€have€determined€that€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass€is€a€lesser„includedÐ ° Ðoffense€of€attempted€aggravated€burglary,€the€defendant€waived€his€right€to€dispute€the€trial€courtððsÐ œì Ðfailure€to€instruct€on€the€lesser„included€offense€by€not€filing€a€timely€motion€for€new€trial.€€òòSeeóóÐ ˆØ ÐTenn.€R.€App.€P.€3(e)€(2003).€€Thus,€this€Court€need€not€grant€relief€unless€the€failure€to€instructÐ tÄ Ðconstituted€plain€error,€or€in€the€alternative,€this€Court,€in€the€exercise€of€its€discretion,€opts€toÐ `° Ðconsider€the€merits€of€the€issue.€€òòSeeóó€òòState€v.€Adkissonóó,€899€S.W.2d€626,€636€(Tenn.€Crim.€App.Ð L œ Ð1994).€€Having€so€concluded,€we€must€now€address€whether€the€instructional€error€was€plain€error.€Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌà  àThe€Tennessee€Rules€of€Criminal€Procedure€explain€that€ð ðplain€error[,]€.€.€.€[a]n€error€whichÐ  ` Ðhas€affected€the€substantial€rights€of€an€accused[,]€may€be€noticed€at€any€time,€even€though€not€raisedÐ ü L  Ðin€the€motion€for€a€new€trial€or€assigned€as€error€on€appeal,€in€the€discretion€of€the€appellate€courtÐ è 8  Ðwhere€necessary€to€do€substantial€justice.ðð€€Tenn.€R.€Crim.€P.€52(b).€€We€have€said€that€ð ð[w]hetherÐ Ô$  Ðor€not€an€appellate€court€should€recognize€the€error€and€grant€relief€.€.€.€depend[s]€upon€the€facts€andÐ À  Ðcircumstances€of€the€particular€case.ðð€€òòState€v.€Ogleóó,€666€S.W.2d€58,€61€(Tenn.€1984).Ð ¬ü  ÐÌà  àIn€òòState€v.€Smithóó,€24€S.W.3d€274€(Tenn.€2000),€this€Court€discussed€the€recognition€of€plainÐ „Ô  Ðerror€by€appellate€courts.€€In€òòSmithóó,€we€adopted€the€test€established€in€òòAdkissonóó,€899€S.W.2d€at€641„Ð pÀ Ð42,€to€determine€whether€a€trial€error€rises€to€the€level€of€ð ðplain€error.ðð€€òòSmithóó,€24€S.W.3d€at€282„83.€Ð \¬ ÐòòAdkissonóó€held€that€the€following€five€factors€must€be€present€for€a€finding€of€plain€error:Ð H˜ ÐÌà8  à(a)€the€record€must€clearly€establish€what€occurred€in€the€trial€court;€(b)€a€clear€andÐ  p Ðunequivocal€rule€of€law€must€have€been€breached;€(c)€a€substantial€right€of€theÐ  \ Ðaccused€must€have€been€adversely€affected;€(d)€the€accused€[must€not€have€waived]Ð øH Ðthe€issue€for€tactical€reasons;€and€(e)€consideration€of€the€error€[must€be]€ð ðnecessaryÐ ä4 Ðto€do€substantial€justice.ððÐÐ Ð Ð  ÐÌòòóó899€S.W.2d€at€641„42€(footnotes€omitted).€€All€five€factors€must€be€established€by€the€record€beforeÐ ¨ø Ðthis€Court€will€recognize€the€existence€of€plain€error,€and€complete€consideration€of€all€the€factorsÐ ”ä Ðis€not€necessary€when€it€is€clear€from€the€record€that€at€least€one€of€the€factors€cannot€be€established.€Ð €Ð ÐòòSmithóó€24€S.W.3d€at€283.Ð l¼ ÐÌà  àIn€the€case€under€submission€it€is€clear€that€all€five€factors€have€not€been€established.€€WhileÐ D!” Ðat€the€time€of€trial€it€was€clear€and€unequivocal€that€all€lesser„included€offenses€must€be€charged,€itÐ 0"€  Ðwas€not€clear€whether€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass€was€a€lesser„included€offense€ofÐ #l! Ðattempted€aggravated€burglary.€€Therefore,€the€trial€court€did€not€commit€ð ðplain€errorðð€when€it€failedÐ $X" Ðto€instruct€the€jury€on€attempted€aggravated€criminal€trespass.€€Ð ô$D # ÐÌòòóóò òó óà@rr#ìàIV.€€ConclusionˆÐ Ì&"% ÐÌà  àFor€the€foregoing€reasons,€we€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€Court€of€Criminal€Appeals.€€Ô‡XµZXXXµZÔItÐ ¤(ô#' Ðappearing€that€Reginald€Terry€is€indigent,€costs€are€taxed€to€the€State€of€Tennessee,€for€whichÐ )à$( Ðexecution€may€issue€if€necessary.Ô#†XµZXXXµZYQ#ÔÐ |*Ì%) ÐÔ‡XµZXXXµZÔÐ h+¸&* ÐÔ#†XµZXXXµZ\R#Ôà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð ° Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àADOLPHO€A.€BIRCH,€JR.,€JUSTICEÐ œì Ð