ÿWPC‘ óD$M“„½æ2l C¡Á¤£¬‘ÿÈbv@ë¿ê‚³Ùú‘’ÀW] }ØdDvÌýN£ä¢MÄÓ C«6ä¢ÝQ„˜×¤ý? =ô`JÐNÜÒÐFÐÏ]bp¾k¼aQ¯hdX ·[Õ{.ÇdRaÙ©Ñ}ªF¶Eô1dÊ4ì:ý/• ÙŸjÖª©«fRv?Qkf··À ‹Ð[ËEzÜ´¿Œƒ£E9NœYÿÎË‹¢å!Yü»É˜/“_z8Á9N5ÛÕ É#~Kd‰©7ÕÚlê^* °W±2¼'ô4²½òAXÖ~#tÊ4€«ƒTá Ræöž“b&”¶O;?¶Ô ¢‰E+rÎz¶#‰êsòÐÆõÃ>›Ëw¦×'°¸w ·'‹¬šUås¥çGrïøÙ™‘ÿaeÌø\å÷’·¦$§hÞ¦ ©äá*ï¾chB Qн\38´«8·[¥Á$] š|n*0ï¢Zpù YÃ`n:–z¤y°ó‚DtáÌ…‰vãÞH·œC$'}öÉ d-:ÝèB¦J¬|~,u»'i$¸×›Y[p.ĽrF5iÌ%GÖzÖ|ë87cµËÃÈ—$‰åMÅa#ÁNU: %I 0:O ^ ‰ w• U@™ U:Ù 4 ' 6 m8 O Y W 0~° 0D.Nrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr Bt˜HP LaserJet 4,ü,,,,,ü0, øð AZ"Arial RegularX(üœ$¡¡ÔUSUS.,Ô-›†)â (ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman ,c½¬AZ‹"Arial RegularÐVì(; 4ò 3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ  O Ý ƒÄ($ÝÔUSUS.,Ôà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡ô­òXXÔ€€òòSee,€e.g.óó,€€òòJudicial€Ethics€Committee€Opinionóó,€95„2€(part„time€General€Sessions€judge€mayÐ ° Ðmaintain€law€practice€in€other€courts€involving€civil€and€criminal€litigation€as€long€as€the€integrity€and€theÐ xÈ Ðimpartiality€of€the€judiciary€is€not€compromised,€private€interests€of€others€are€not€improperly€andÐ @ Ðunethically€advanced€and€the€judge€is€not€acting€as€an€attorney€in€a€proceeding€in€which€he€has€previouslyÐ X Ðserved€as€a€judge€or€in€any€other€proceeding€related€thereto);€€òòJudicial€Ethics€Committee€Opinionóó,€93„3Ð Ð  Ð(part„time€judicial€commissioner€should€not€practice€criminal€law€in€General€Sessions€Court€under€whichÐ ˜è Ðhe€serves,€may€appear€as€a€lawyer€in€other€courts€in€criminal€cases€provided€it€does€not€relate€to€aÐ ` ° Ðproceeding€in€which€he€has€served€in€a€judicial€capacity,€and€may€appear€in€civil€cases€in€GeneralÐ ( x ÐSessions€Court€under€which€he€serves€or€in€any€other€court);€€òòJudicial€Ethics€Committee€Opinionóó,€92„3Ð ð @ Ð(part„time€judge€should€not€represent€a€debtor€in€a€bankruptcy€after€rendering€a€judgment€against€theÐ ¸   Ðdebtor);€òòJudicial€Ethics€Committee€Opinionóó,€92„5€(part„time€judge€with€probate€jurisdiction€may€serve€asÐ € Ð  Ðexecutor€of€an€estate);€€òòJudicial€Ethics€Committee€Opinionóó,€91„9€(part„time€General€Sessions€judge€withÐ H ˜  Ðprobate€and€domestic€relations€jurisdiction€may€accept€employment€as€a€lawyer€in€these€areas€in€otherÐ `  Ðcourts,€provided€the€employment€does€not€relate€to€the€proceeding€over€which€the€judge€presided);€Ð Ø(  ÐòòJudicial€Ethics€Committee€Opinionóó,€91„3€(part„time€General€Sessions€judge€may€serve€as€trustee€underÐ  ð  Ðdeeds€of€trust);€òòJudicial€Ethics€Committee€Opinionóó,€90„3€(part„time€General€Sessions€judge€may€not€hearÐ h¸  Ðcases€in€which€one€of€the€litigants€is€a€regular€or€frequent€client€of€the€judge;€a€part„time€General€SessionsÐ 0€  Ðjudge€may€not€hear€cases€where€one€of€the€litigants€has€the€judge€on€retainer).Ô#†XáºXòô­e#Ô(.(3Ä($¤¤Ý ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó dÝ ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€X®¡XXXÔò òÔ‡XØPXXX®¡Ôà@##ìàJUDICIAL€ETHICS€COMMITTEEˆÐ ° Ðà@ìàADVISORY€OPINION€NO.€ó óÔ#†X®¡XXXØP_#ÔÔ‡XáºXXX®¡Ô€ò ò00„03ó óˆÐ œì Ðà  àÌÌÓÓà  àThis€Committee€has€been€requested€to€issue€an€opinion€addressing€the€proprietyÐ tÄ Ðof€judicial€conduct€of€a€part„time€juvenile€court€judge€arising€from€the€following€factualÐ T ¤ Ðscenarios:Ð 4 „ ÐÓÓà8  àI.€€An€attorney€represents€a€client€in€a€criminal€case.€€Subsequently,€theÐ d  Ðclient€is€accused€of€the€sexual€molestation€of€a€child€in€the€custody€of€theÐ T  ÐTennessee€Department€of€Childrenððs€Services.€€The€same€attorney€whoÐ ôD  Ðrepresented€the€client€in€the€criminal€case€may€now€be€acting€as€the€judgeÐ ä4  Ðin€the€Juvenile€Court€hearing€the€sexual€molestation€case.ÐÔ$ Ð Ð  ÐÌà8  àII.€€An€attorney€represents€parents€in€a€termination€of€parental€rights€caseÐ ´ Ðin€a€county€adjacent€to€Ô_ÔSequatchieÔ_Ô.€€Within€the€week,€the€attorney,€actingÐ ¤ô Ðas€Juvenile€Court€Judge€in€Ô_ÔSequatchieÔ_Ô€County,€hears€a€termination€ofÐ ”ä Ðparental€rights€case€involving€basically€the€same€issues.ЄÔÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àIII.€A€litigant€before€a€part„time€judge/lawyer€later€attempts€to€retain€thatÐ d´ Ðjudge/lawyer€to€represent€him€in€other€pending€matters.ÓjÓÐT¤Ð Ð  ÐÌà@  ìàò òGeneral€Ethical€Principles€Applicable€to€Part„Time€Judgesó óˆÐ d Ðà  àAlthough€a€part„time€judge€is€exempt€from€Canon€4(G)€(a€judge€shall€not€practiceÐ ôD Ðlaw),€the€simultaneous€practice€of€the€law€and€presiding€as€a€judge€presents€uniqueÐ Ô $ Ðdisqualification€issues€not€faced€by€a€full„time€judge.€€òòSee€generallyóó€€Canon€5,Ð ´"  ÐòòApplication€of€the€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct,€óó(C)(1).€€The€general€rule€isÐ ”$ä" ÐÓÓÌà8  àA€continuing€part„time€judge€.€.€.€shall€not€practice€law€in€the€court€onÐ d'´"% Ðwhich€the€judge€serves€or€in€any€court€subject€to€the€appellate€jurisdictionÐ T(¤#& Ðof€the€court€on€which€the€judge€serves,€and€shall€not€act€as€a€lawyer€in€aÐ D)”$' Ðproceeding€in€which€the€judge€has€served€as€judge€or€in€any€otherÐ 4*„%( Ðproceeding€related€thereto.Ð$+t&)Ð Ð  ÐÌÐ -T(+ ÐÓÓCanon€5,€òòApplication€of€the€Code€of€Judicial€Conduct,€óó(C)(3).€€Additionally,€part„timeÐ ° Ðjudges€ð ðshall€act€at€all€times€in€a€manner€that€promotes€public€confidence€in€the€integrityÐ à Ðand€impartiality€of€the€judiciary.ðð€€Canon€2(A).€€€€A€part„time€judge€ð ðshall€not€lend€theÐ pÀ Ðprestige€of€judicial€office€to€advance€the€private€interests€of€the€judge.ðð€€Canon€2(B).€Ð P   ÐMoreover,€a€part„time€judge€is€subject€to€the€same€rules€requiring€disqualification€as€aÐ 0 € Ðfull„time€judge.€€òòSee€generallyóó€€Canon€3(E).€€Thus,€the€activities€of€a€part„timeÐ `  Ðjudge/lawyer€must€be€examined€on€a€case„by„case€basis€utilizing€the€applicableÐ ð@  ÐCanons€of€Judicial€Conduct.׃×Ý ƒ#ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð Ð  ÐÌà@v v ìàò òCommittee€Response€to€Scenario€Ió óˆà  àà x àà Ð àÐ à Ðòòò òà  àó óóóWe€interpret€this€scenario€to€involve€the€broad€question€of€whether€a€part„timeÐ pÀ Ðjudge/lawyerððs€representation€of€a€client€requires€disqualification€of€the€judge€in€aÐ P  Ðpending€matter€before€the€court€in€which€the€client€is€a€party.€€This€answer€is€dependantÐ 0€ Ðupon€whether€the€client€is€a€current€or€former€client€of€the€judge/lawyer.€€à x àÐ ` Їà  àIf€the€client€is€a€current€client,€a€part„time€judge/lawyer€may€not€preside€over€aÐ ° Ðcase€in€which€the€client€is€a€party.€€òòSee,€e.g.óó,€€òòAlabama€Advisory€Opinionóó,€97„631;€òòNewÐ à ÐYork€Advisory€Opinionóó,€95„5;€òòPennsylvania€Advisory€Opinionóó,€12;€òòTexas€AdvisoryÐ pÀ ÐOpinionóó€173.Ð P   ÐÓÓÌà8  àIt€is€axiomatic€that€an€attorney€is€an€advocate,€whose€primary€duty€is€toÐ  p  Ðadvance€and€protect€his€clientððs€interests.€In€contrast,€a€judgeððs€primaryÐ `  Ðduty€is€to€serve€as€a€neutral€and€disinterested€referee€and€to€render€a€fairÐ P  Ðand€impartial€ruling.€€For€a€judge€in€an€active€and€ongoing€attorney„clientÐ ð@  Ðrelationship€to€preside€over€and€decide€a€case€involving€his€client€bringsÐ à0  Ðthese€two€duties€into€irreconcilable€conflict.à p àà È àÐÐ Ð Ð  ÐÌòòÓÓPublic€Reprimand€of€Ô_ÔBronsonÔ_Ôóó,€(Texas€State€Commission€on€Judicial€Conduct€JanuaryÐ ° Ð19,€1995).Ð à ÐÌà  àDisqualification€òòmayóó€also€be€required€if€the€client€is€a€former€client.€€€InÐ P  Ðdetermining€whether€a€part„time€judge€may€hear€a€matter€in€which€a€former€client€is€nowÐ 0€ Ða€party,€a€part„time€judge€should€consider€(1)€the€extent€to€which€the€priorÐ ` Ðrepresentation€might€in€some€limited€way€be€related€to€the€current€case;€(2)€the€lengthÐ ð@ Ðof€time€between€the€prior€representation€and€the€appearance€of€the€former€client€beforeÐ Ð  Ðthe€judge;€and€(3)€the€nature€of€the€prior€representation.€€òòSee€generallyóó€€òòIn€the€Matter€ofÐ °"  ÐEdwardsóó,€694€N.E.2d€701€(Ind.€1998);€òòNew€York€Advisory€Opinionóó,€88„17(c)€and€88„48.Ð $à" ÐÌà  àWhether€the€nature€of€the€prior€representation€requires€disqualification€dependsÐ P( #& Ðon€factors€such€as:€(1)€the€number€of€times€the€judge€represented€the€former€client;€(2)Ð 0*€%( Ðthe€amount€of€work€the€judge€performed€for€the€client;€(3)€the€amount€of€the€fee;€(4)Ð ,`'* Ðwhether€the€representation€was€routine€or€technical€or€involved€the€morality€of€theÐ ð-@), Ðclientððs€conduct;€(5)€the€duration€of€the€attorney„client€relationship;€(6)€whether€there€isÐ ° Ða€social€relationship€between€the€judge€and€the€former€client;€and€(7)€whether€specialÐ à Ðcircumstances€create€a€likely€appearance€of€impropriety.€€òòSeeóó€€òòEdwardsóó,€694€N.E.2d€atÐ pÀ Ð701.€€Ð P   ÐÌà@Z Z ìàò òCommittee€Response€to€Scenario€IIó óˆà  àÐ `  Ðòòò òó óà  àóóIn€scenario€II,€we€are€asked€whether€a€part„time€juvenile€court€judge€mayÐ ð@  Ðrepresent€parents€in€a€termination€of€parental€rights€case€in€an€adjoining€county€as€heÐ Ð  Ðroutinely€hears€termination€of€parental€rights€cases€involving€the€same€issues.€€AÐ ° Ðprevious€opinion€of€this€Committee€states€that,€provided€the€employment€does€notÐ à Ðrelate€to€proceedings€over€which€the€judge€will€preside,€€there€is€no€òòper€seóó€ethicalÐ pÀ Ðimpropriety€in€a€part„time€judge€accepting€employment€in€other€courts€regarding€legalÐ P  Ðmatters€over€which€he€has€subject€matter€jurisdiction.€€òòSeeóó€€òòJudicial€Ethics€CommitteeÐ 0€ ÐOpinionóó,€95„2€(citing€òòJudicial€Ethics€Committee€Opinionóó,€91„9).€€Therefore,€a€part„timeÐ ` Ðjuvenile€court€judge€may€represent€a€client€in€another€county€in€matters€that€routinelyÐ ð@ Ðcome€before€the€court€so€long€as€other€ethical€obligations€are€not€compromised.Ð Ð  ÐÌà@> > ìàò òCommittee€Response€to€Scenario€IIIó óˆÐ $à" Ðòòò òó óóó€à  àFinally,€we€are€asked€to€determine€the€propriety€of€a€part„time€judge/lawyerÐ p&À!$ Ðaccepting€employment€by€a€party€who€has€appeared€before€him€in€court.€€Again,€theÐ P( #& Ðanswer€to€this€inquiry€is€subject€to€certain€factual€considerations.€€First,€however,€weÐ 0*€%( Ðremind€part„time€judges€that,€like€full„time€judges,€they€are€prohibited€from€engaging€inÐ ,`'* Ðfinancial€or€business€dealings€that€may€reasonably€be€perceived€to€exploit€the€judgeððsÐ ð-@), Ðjudicial€position.€€òòSeeóó€€Canon€4(D)(1)(a).€€Again,€the€part„time€judge€must€beÐ ° Ðscrupulously€careful€to€avoid€conduct€in€his€law€practice€where€he€utilizes€or€seems€toÐ à Ðutilize€his€judicial€position€to€further€his€professional€success.€€òòSeeóó€€òòIn€the€Matter€ofÐ pÀ ÐFridayóó,€208€S.E.2d€535€(S.C.€1974).€€Ô#†X®¡XXXẠ#ÔÔ‡XáºXXX®¡ÔIf€the€acceptance€of€the€employment€would€notÐ P   Ðamount€to€an€abuse€of€the€prestige€of€the€judicial€office,€the€part„time€judge€may€acceptÐ 0 € Ðemployment€if€the€representation€would€not€otherwise€be€prohibited.€€In€determiningÐ `  Ðwhether€acceptance€of€employment€is€appropriate,€a€part„time€judge€should€consider:Ð ð@  ÐÓÓà8  à1.€€òòDid€I€serve€as€a€judge€òòin€this€proceedingóó?óó:€€A€judge€may€not€act€as€aÐ Ð  Ðlawyer€in€a€proceeding€in€which€the€judge€has€served€as€a€judge€or€in€anyÐ À Ðother€proceeding€related€thereto.аРР ÐÌà8  à2.€€òòDid€I€serve€as€judge€in€a€related€proceeding?óóÐàÐ Ð  ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àA.€€òòAre€the€parties€and€witnesses€the€same€as€in€aÐ pÀ Ðproceeding€in€which€I€served€as€a€judge?óó€€If€yes,€part„timeÐ `° Ðjudge€may€not€accept€representation.ÐP ` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àB.€€òòAre€the€underlying€events€or€many€of€the€facts€the€sameÐ 0€ Ðas€in€a€proceeding€in€which€I€served€as€a€judge?€€€óóIf€yes,Ð  p Ðpart„time€judge€may€not€accept€representation.Ô#†X®¡XXXáº/$#ÔÔ‡XáºXXX®¡ÔÐ`` x` x ÐÌà8  àà8` Ð Ð àC.€€òòAre€issues€involved€in€a€proceeding€in€which€I€served€asÐ ð@ Ða€judge€likely€to€be€of€significance€in€the€matter?óó€€€If€yes,Ð à0 Ðpart„time€judge€may€not€accept€representation.Ô#†X®¡XXXáºo)#ÔÔ‡XáºXXX®¡ÔÐÐ ` x` x ÐÌà8  à3.òò€€Will€taking€the€case€require€me€to€practice€law€in€the€court€on€which€IÐ °"  Ðserve?€€óóIf€yes,€then€part„time€judge€must€decline€representation.Р#ð!Ð Ð  Ðà8  àà8` Ð Ð àÐ ` x` x ÐÓÓÌà  à€For€guidance€on€similar€issues,€the€Committee€recommends€that€part„timeÐ `'°"% Ðjudges€consult€òòAn€Ethics€Guide€for€Part„Time€Lawyer€Judgesóó,€òòAmerican€JudicatureÐ @)$' ÐSocietyóó€(1999).Ð  +p&) ÐÔ#†X®¡XXXáºÈ*#ÔÔ‡XØPXXX®¡ÔÓÓÌÐ æ-6), Ðà@® ® ìà€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ô#†X®¡XXXØPC-#ÔÔ‡XØPXXX®¡ÔFOR€THE€COMMITTEE:ˆÐ ° ÐÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àòò€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€Ð . ~ Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àóóDAVID€G.€HAYES,€JudgeòòÐ  d Ðà  àóóÔ#†X®¡XXXØPÚ-#ÔÌÌCONCUR:Ð Ò "  ÐÔ_ÔFRIERSONÔ_ÔÐ ¾   ÐÔ_ÔWAGGONERÔ_ÔÐ ªú  ÐBLACKBURNÐ –æ  ÐÔ_ÔRUSSELLÔ_ÔÐ ‚Ò  Ð