ÿWPC: ²Ròãjª«/0K ‘„u[ÞL½÷t5>ÏÀŸ3-ƒúa/¯þ,Vñô[ûωQEs7) 9)óE]~o;LÇ*…ÆÚ›dXû6¨ïozæ¼ò¿X+v^¸'8)ÆšGÎVFòTb5Ó1T¨[)H²ËâYÆŸ>”‰n—ŒŒ¥ãöóåB½å¾t…öM•ÛC:.-v.Žøf›lpKÕ¥ì~Ì(w>ÙLÈÊ¿>´+¸™ðd—ræ,’\ååh”$Å@XÒÚݲ¦NjÐ`è‰5ÎÎ×2•«2pæs¸ÍÇ@5;ŽV³å|¢T[Bf镇µN2õÕý·º — àZïHçR,0§¤ÎÎ>z6QfOáä[Wö|| ÅM'e¬Ô‡œÊ„i‹±*D‹g‹tÓ?G’3W::–*/7vA{é†TV+Ðù9Ç'¤?ÎˤI²Ý$vH®ÈØ:ŒŠÞ…о.µ|}¼Ô¯ÒŸ)4ƒÑRÝ/d×ä=…ÏY¥Ê+Þ`í |Ôæun—¥–¸Ä";‰â‰ÅÓ PÂCÆÄTC{ËÔ "ç”Ýq%04® N¸(fmû›… ø–W£êy©6ö‚u¯‡ ¹üM…# F UNQ %Ÿ 0(¥ 4Í á ð w@ø -8 Ee  g U:t U:® è ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù ù B D3 0DQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ AO•Æää 0Dª D/î B˜HP LaserJet 4Si/4SiMX PS 600dpiPSCRIPTÀÌÀääÀÀÌ0 (ÖÃ9 Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡z!3|xÛ ÇÈEÉÊEËÌDÍÓ€ÙÚVÛî #Ñ#€öØXÿÿd#Ñ Ô€ Xd¦XXXÔÔ€ t)X Xd¦ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ€ Xd¦X t)ÔÐ  ÐÌò òOctober€30,€1996Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ€ ô»ôX Xd¦ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó ó,c½¬AZ‹"Arial Regular<þ6X9`("Courier 10cpi Ô‡ Xd¦XXXÔÔ‡ t)X Xd¦ÔÓ  ÓÔ Ad ÔFILEDÔ#† Xd¦X t)#ÔÐ  ÐÌò òOctober€30,€1996Ð šš ÐÌCecil€Crowson,€Jr.ÌÔ‡ ô»ôX Xd¦ÔAppellate€Court€Clerkó óv# d&&&&'ÿÿdxd(3¯$££Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý€-‚ƒCþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó„„'÷ÿ dxdüÿP PdÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  Ý›Òp°ÒÒ„°ÒÑTR[¨ AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑò òÓ  ÓÑ€ üßÑÓ*°,XƒXm –X°œX*ӜԇŠb„ŠXXÔñÙññÍñœñÍñßr€ *<,(j 8` `€€@Eô¸` ttx$,°ð ÜrßñÙñIN›€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEE€Ð ° ÐSPECIAL€WORKERS'€COMPENSATION€APPEALS€PANELÌñÙñœßt€ *>.*jxp£` `€€@EdO` ttx$œ¬ð w tß›ñÙñAT€JACKSONÌ(OCTOBER€9,€1995€SESSION)ó óÐ ªú ÐÌÌÓ  ÓßA€& ) °°xdEp§ äAßÐ ¨ ø ÐÌÌBRIAN€MATTHEW€WOOSLEY,€à € à)Ð ·   Ðà È àà àà - àà Ð àà ( àà € à)Ìà È àà àPlaintiff„Appellee,à ( àà € à)Ð ·  ÐÓ?p ìƒX-ЃX^ˆ‘X°,XƒXm –X?Óà È àà àà - àà Ð àà ( àà € à)à Ø àà ^ àMADISON€CHANCERYÐ ·  Ðà È àà àà - àà Ð àà ( àà € à)Ìà È àà àà - àà Ð àà ( àà € à)ÌV.à È àà àà - àà Ð àà ( àà € à)à Ø àà ^ àHon.€Joe€C.€MorrisÐ · Ðà È àà àà - àà Ð àà ( àà € à)à Ø àà ^ àChancellorÐ · Ðà È àà àà - àà Ð àà ( àà € à)Ìà È àà àà - àà Ð àà ( àà € à)à Ø àà ^ àNo.€02S01„9505„CH„00040Ð · ÐTOWNSEND€ELECTRIC€COMPANY,à € à)Ð · Ðà È àà àà - àà Ð àà ( àà € à)Ìà È àà àDefendant„Appellant.à € à)Ð · ÐÌÌÌÌÌòòFor€Appellant:à - àà Ð àà ( àà € àà Ø àà ^ àFor€Appellee:óóÐ · ÐÌJames€E.€Conley,€œJñÉñr.€ñÉññÊññÉñ&€ñÉññÊññËñ&€John€DotsonñËññÌñrñÌññÈñ.ñÇñ€&€JñÇññÈññÌñ›à € à›à € àñÌñ›à € àà Ø àà ^ àGeorge€L.€Morrison€IIIÐ ·  ÐThomason€Hendrixà Ð àà ( àà € àà Ø àà ^ à201€East€BaltimoreÐ ·! Ð2900€One€Commerce€Squareà ( àà € àà Ø àà ^ àJackson,€TN€Ð ·" ÐMemphis,€TN€ÌÌÌÌÌÌòòÓ  ÓMEMORANDUM€OPINIONÐ ·)%& ÐÌÌMembers€of€Panel:ÌÌóóLyle€Reid,€Associate€Justice,€Supreme€CourtÐ ·.*+ ÐJoe€C.€Loser,€Jr.,€Special€JudgeÌJanice€M.€Holder,€Special€JudgeÌÓG ÓÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌñÍñÑ üßÑÑ7€ö5XXdìXXdì7ÑÑ  ÑÑ üßÑÑ#€öØXÿÿd#ÑÑ  ÑñÍñÌAFFIRMEDà àà - àà Ð àà ( àà € àà Ø àà ^ àà ˆ àHolder,€JudgeÐ  ·:67 ÐÑ üßÑÑ7€7XXdìXXdì7ÑÑ  ÑÓÓà È àThis€workers'€compensation€appeal€has€been€referred€to€the€SpecialÐ ° ÐWorkers'€Compensation€Appeals€Panel€of€the€Supreme€Court€pursuant€to€Tenn.ÏCode€Ann.€ðð€50„6„225(e)(3)€for€hearing€and€reporting€of€findings€of€fact€andÏconclusions€of€law.€Our€scope€of€review€of€findings€of€fact€by€the€trial€court€is€òòdeÐ °  Ðnovoóó€upon€the€record€of€the€trial€court,€accompanied€by€a€presumption€ofÐ °  Ðcorrectness,€unless€the€preponderance€of€the€evidence€is€otherwise.€€Tenn.€CodeÏAnn.€ðð€50„6„225(e)(2).Ìà È à€The€sole€question€raised€on€appeal€is€whether€the€evidence€preponderatesÏagainst€the€chancellorððs€holding€that€the€employeeððs€injury€arose€out€of€the€courseÏand€scope€of€his€employment.€€For€the€reasons€set€forth€below,€we€affirm€the€trialÏcourt.Ìà È àThe€plaintiff,€Brian€M.€œWoosley›€(ð ðœWoosley›ðð),€was€employed€as€anÏelectricianððs€helper€for€Townsend€Electric.€€€During€the€several€months€of€hisÏemployment€with€Townsend,€he€worked€at€a€series€of€job€sites.€€The€method€byÏwhich€he€would€arrive€at€the€site€varied.€€For€two€of€the€jobs,€he€met€the€foremanÏat€the€Townsend€ð ðshopððon€the€first€day€of€the€job;€thereafter€he€drove€his€ownÏvehicle€to€the€job€site.€€At€a€third€job€location,€he€met€the€foreman€at€theÏTownsend€shop€and€rode€with€him€to€the€job€site.€€While€at€the€shop,€heÏsometimes€loaded€material€for€use€on€the€job.€€At€a€fourth€site,€the€foreman€droveÏto€Woosleyððs€home€and€transported€him€to€the€job.€€Woosley€was€never€paid€untilÏhe€arrived€at€the€job€site€and€he€was€never€reimbursed€for€transportation€expensesÏwhen€he€drove€his€own€vehicle.Ìà È àOn€July€13,€1992,€Woosley€was€working€at€a€fifth€job€in€Brownsville€whenÏhe€was€injured€en€route€to€the€job€site.€€For€the€two€weeks€prior€to€his€injury,€heÏmet€Harold€Matlock€(ð ðMatlockðð),€the€job€foreman,€at€the€shop€each€day€and€theÏtwo€went€to€the€Brownsville€job€together.€€While€working€in€Brownsville,ÏWoosley€was€not€required€to€pick€up€or€load€materials;€he€received€no€instructionsÐ °844 Ðat€the€shop.Ìà È àWoosley€testified€that,€for€each€job,€Thomas€Lane€(ð ðLaneðð),€theÏconstruction€manager,€instructed€him€to€either€meet€œMatlock›€at€the€work€site€or€toÏmeet€him€at€the€shop€so€that€they€could€drive€together.€€He€did€not€question€theÏinstructions.€€Matlock,€however,€testified€that€during€the€Brownsville€job€thereÏwas€no€business€reason€to€go€to€the€shop€every€day€and€that€the€offer€ofÏtransportation€from€the€shop€location€was€for€Woosleyððs€convenience€and€to€ð ðhelpÏhim€out.ðð€€Matlock€denied€that€he€himself€was€ever€instructed€to€transportÏWoosley.€Ìà È àLane€testified€that€there€was€no€policy€concerning€how€an€employee€gets€toÏthe€job€site.€€A€vehicle€would€not€be€furnished€and€the€employee€would€not€beÏinstructed€how€to€get€to€the€job.€€If€materials€needed€to€be€loaded€and€transportedÏto€the€job€site,€however,€the€construction€manager€or€foreman€would€instruct€anÏemployee€to€meet€at€the€shop.€€€Lane€denied€that€Woosley€was€instructed€orÏrequired€to€ride€with€the€foreman€to€the€Brownsville€job€but€that€he€told€WoosleyÏhe€could€ride€with€Matlock€in€a€company€vehicle€ð ðjust€to€help€him€out.ððÌà È à€The€testimony€of€Matlock€and€Lane€was€supported€by€the€general€managerÏof€Townsend,€as€well€as€the€testimony€of€another€electricianððs€helper.€Ìà È àWhile€preparing€to€leave€the€shop€on€the€day€of€the€accident,€Matlock€toldÏWoosley€that€he€was€ill€and€did€not€intend€to€work€the€entire€shift.€€Woosley€wasÏtold€to€drive€his€own€vehicle€to€the€job€site;€Matlock€would€leave€after€showingÏWoosley€what€to€do.Ìà È àAccording€to€Woosley,€Matlock€questioned€Woosley€as€to€whether€he€hadÏenough€gasoline€to€get€to€the€job€site€and€then€offered€to€provide€him€withÏgasoline€from€a€container€in€the€back€of€the€company€truck€that€Matlock€had€beenÏusing€during€the€Brownsville€job.€€Matlock,€on€the€other€hand,€testified€thatÏWoosley€stated€that€he€did€not€have€enough€gas€to€get€to€the€job€site€or€enoughÐ °844 Ðmoney€to€purchase€gas.€€Matlock€then€offered€to€give€Woosley€the€gasoline€fromÏthe€2€ðð€gallon€plastic€container€located€in€the€back€of€the€truck.Ìà È àWoosley€testified€that€Matlock€stated€that€he€had€purchased€the€gas€with€aÏcredit€card.€The€foreman€denied€that€the€gasoline€was€purchased€with€a€companyÏcredit€card€and€testified€that€the€gasoline€was€purchased€with€cash€for€use€in€hisÏpersonal€lawnmower.€€He€admitted€that€he€used€a€company€credit€card€to€purchaseÏgasoline€while€working€at€the€Brownsville€job,€but€did€not€recall€if€he€hadÏpurchased€any€gasoline€on€July€13,€1992.€€A€gasoline€receipt€signed€by€theÏforeman€showed€that€16.7€gallons€of€gasoline€were€purchased€on€credit€on€the€dayÏof€the€accident.Ìà È àIt€is€undisputed€that€Matlock€told€Woosley€that€they€would€wait€until€theyÏwere€on€the€road€to€Brownsville€before€pouring€the€gasoline.€€Matlock€testifiedÏthat€he€did€not€want€anyone€to€think€that€Woosley€was€being€given€companyÏgasoline.€€€On€the€way€to€Brownsville,€Matlock€drove€to€the€side€of€€the€road€andÏWoosley€followed.€€While€they€were€pouring€the€gasoline,€Woosley€was€struck€byÏanother€vehicle,€causing€injuries€that€ultimately€resulted€in€the€amputation€of€hisÏleft€leg€below€the€knee.€Ìà È àAs€a€general€rule,€employees€injured€while€en€route€to€or€from€work€are€notÏentitled€to€workersðð€compensation€benefits.€€The€rationale€behind€the€rule€is€thatÏwhile€traveling€to€or€from€work,€no€service€is€being€provided€for€the€employer€andÏthe€injuries€cannot,€therefore,€arise€out€of€the€course€of€employment.€€òòHarper€v.Ð °,(( ÐDaun€Ray€Casuals,€Inc.óó,€596€S.W.2d€822,€823€(Tenn.€1980).€€Ð °.** Ðà È àExceptions€to€the€general€rule€are€when:€€1)€the€journey€itself€is€aÏsubstantial€part€of€the€services€for€which€the€employee€was€employed€andÏcompensated;€or€2)€the€travel€subjected€the€employee€to€risks€and€hazardsÏincidental€or€peculiar€to€the€employment.€€òòHudson€v.€Thurston€Motor€Lines,€Inc.óó,Ð °622 Ð583€S.W.2d€597,€599€(Tenn.€1979);€òòSmith€v.€Royal€Globe€Ins.€Co.óó,€551€S.W.2dÐ °844 Ð679,€681€(Tenn.€1977).€€Injuries€occurring€while€an€employee€is€furthering€orÏfacilitating€his€employerððs€business€are€said€to€be€incurred€in€the€course€of€theÏemployment€even€if€the€journey€also€serves€the€purposes€of€the€employee.€€òòHerronÐ ° Ðv.€Fletcheróó,€503€S.W.2d€84,€87€(Tenn.€1973).€€Ð °  Ðà È àFollowing€these€principles,€if€an€employee€is€on€the€way€to€and€from€theÏwork€station,€recovery€of€workersðð€compensation€benefits€have€generally€beenÏð ðrestricted€to€those€instances€in€which€the€employee€is€proceeding€by€a€meansÏfurnished€by€the€employer,€or€in€a€manner€or€over€a€route€required€by€theÏemployer,€and€this€subjects€the€employee€to€a€definite€risk€or€hazard.ðð€€òòPacificÐ ° ÐEmployers€Ins.€Co.€v.€Bookeróó,€553€S.W.2d€586,€587€(Tenn.€1977).à à àÐ ° Ðà È àThe€trial€court€found€that€Woosley:€€ÌÓÓà8 È àwas€on€a€mission€in€the€furtherance€of€his€employment.€AlthoughÏplaintiff€was€driving€his€personal€vehicle€on€the€day€of€the€accident,Ïhe€was€doing€so€at€the€insistence€and€direction€of€his€supervisor,€andÏfor€the€benefit€of€his€employer,€to€wit,€to€be€able€to€work€a€full€shiftÏwas€of€utmost€importance€to€the€defendant.€Ð È ü!È ü! ÐÓ“)ÓÌThe€court€further€found€that€Woosley€was€acting€at€the€direction€and€under€theÏcontrol€of€his€employer€at€the€time€of€the€accident.Ìà È àThere€was€sharply€conflicting€testimony€as€to:€€1)€whether€Woosley€wasÏrequired€to€ride€with€his€supervisor,€permitting€the€conclusion€that€Woosley€wasÏtraveling€in€a€manner€and€by€a€route€required€by€the€employer;€and€2)€whether€theÏgasoline€made€available€to€Woosley€was€in€fact€purchased€on€company€credit,Ïthereby€making€the€means€of€transportation€furnished€by€the€employer.€€The€trialÏjudge€resolved€these€issues€of€credibility€in€favor€of€the€plaintiff.€€ð ðWhere€the€trialÏjudge€has€seen€and€heard€witnesses,€especially€where€issues€of€credibility€andÏweight€of€oral€testimony€are€involved,€on€review€considerable€deference€must€stillÏbe€accorded€to€those€circumstances."€€òòJones€v.€Hartford€Acc.€&€Indem.€Co.,óó€811Ð °511 ÐS.W.2d€516,€521€(Tenn.€1991).€Ìà È àThis€panel€cannot€find€that€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€trialÐ °955 Ðcourtððs€conclusion.€€The€employer€derived€a€benefit€from€having€the€employeeÏtransported€by€the€foreman.€€Prior€to€the€date€of€this€incident,€traveling€togetherÏensured€that€the€foreman€and€employee€arrived€at€the€job€site€at€the€same€time€soÏthat€instructions€could€be€given€promptly€and€work€could€begin.€€On€the€date€ofÏthe€injury,€Woosley€needed€to€receive€Matlockððs€instructions€so€that€MatlockÏcould€leave€and€Woosley€could€continue€working€at€the€job€site.€€Ìà È àLane€testified€that€foremen€are€provided€with€a€means€of€transportationÏbecause€ð ðthat€way€I€make€sure€they€are€at€the€job.ðð€€The€employerððs€desire€toÏmake€sure€that€Woosley€was€on€the€job€was€apparent€from€the€directions€given€toÏhim€concerning€the€transfer€of€gasoline.€€He€was€not€simply€given€the€containerÏand€permitted€to€drive€to€Brownsville,€stopping€when€he€felt€it€was€necessary€toÏuse€the€gasoline.€€He€was€directed€to€follow€the€foreman.€€The€foreman€chose€theÏtime€and€place€for€the€transfer€and€use€of€the€gasoline.€€€Stopping€along€theÏhighway€to€transfer€that€gasoline€subjected€the€employee€to€a€risk€or€hazard€thatÏwas€realized€when€a€third€vehicle€struck€œWoosley›ððs€vehicle.ÌÓÓà8 È àWhen€an€employee€.€.€.€makes€an€off„premises€journey€which€wouldÏnormally€not€be€covered€under€the€usual€going€and€coming€rule,€theÏjourney€may€be€brought€within€the€course€of€employment€by€the€factÏthat€the€trouble€and€time€of€making€the€journey,€or€the€specialÏinconvenience,€hazard,€or€urgency€of€making€it€in€the€particularÏcircumstances,€is€itself€sufficiently€substantial€to€be€viewed€as€anÏintegral€part€of€the€service€itself.€Ð È ü!È ü! ÐÓÌ3ÓÌLarson,€Worker's€Compensation€Law€Sec.€16.11€(1985).à ˆ àÐ °+'' Ðà È àThe€judgment€is€affirmed.€€Costs€on€appeal€are€taxed€to€the€defendant„¼appellant.ÌÓÓÌÌÌÌà È àà àà0 - àà0Ð-T$-T$àà0(ÐT$ÐT$à______________________________________Ð (T$(T$ Ðà0 È àà0 È T$È T$àà0- T$ T$àà0Ð-T$-T$àà0(ÐT$ÐT$àJanice€M.€Holder,€JudgeÐ (T$(T$ ÐÌÌCONCUR:Ð °955 ЇÌÌ____________________________________ÌLyle€Reid,€Associate€JusticeÌÌÌÌ____________________________________ÌJoe€C.€Loser,€Jr.,€Special€œJudgeÔ#†X7XŠŠb„×#ÔñÛñ›ñÛññÚñÐ  °  ÐñÚññÛñ›ñÛññÛñÑ` °ÑÒpÒÒX„ÒÔ‡ X»Ø XXX7Ôà@ˆˆDàIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEEˆÌÌà@ìì*DàAT€JACKSONˆÌÌÌBRIAN€MATTHEW€WOOSLEY,à À àà  à)à p àMADISON€CHANCERYÐ H è Ðà ` àà ¸ àà Å àà h àà À àà  à)à p àNO.€R.D.€46820Ð ° Ðßt€*>.*jxÜo` `€€@E”G` ttx$ÌØ( C tßà ` àPlaintiff/Appellee,à À àà  à)Ð Øx Ðà ` àà ¸ àà Å àà h àà À àà  à)à p àHon.€Joe€C.€MorrisÐ  @ ÐV.à ` àà ¸ àà Å àà h àà À àà  à)à p àChancellorÐ h  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà Å àà h àà À àà  à)à p àÐ 0Ð  ÐTOWNSEND€ELECTRIC€COMPANY,à  à)à p àS.€Ct.€No.€02„S„01„9505„CH„Ð ø˜  Ð00040Ô#†X7X X X»ØÙ8#ÔÔ‡ X»Ø XXX7ÔÐ À`  Ðà ` àà ¸ àà Å àà h àà À àà  à)Ìà ` àDefendant/Appellant.à  à)à p àAffirmedÐ Pð  ÐÌÌÔ#†X7X X X»ØÎ<#ÔÔ‡ X»Ø XXX7Ôà@üü(DàòòJUDGMENT€ORDERóóˆÐ ¨H  ÐÌÌÓÓà ` àà ¸ àThis€case€is€before€the€Court€upon€motion€for€reviewÏpursuant€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€50„6„225(e)(5)(B),€the€entireÏrecord,€including€the€order€of€referral€to€the€Special€Workers'ÏCompensation€Appeals€Panel,€and€the€Panel's€Memorandum€OpinionÏsetting€forth€its€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law,€whichÏare€incorporated€herein€by€reference;ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àWhereupon,€it€appears€to€the€Court€that€the€motion€forÏreview€is€not€well„taken€and€should€be€denied;€andÌÌà ` àà ¸ àIt€is,€therefore,€ordered€that€the€Panel's€findings€ofÏfact€and€conclusions€of€law€are€adopted€and€affirmed,€and€theÏdecision€of€the€Panel€is€made€the€judgment€of€the€Court.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àCost€will€be€paid€by€Defendant„Appellant,€for€whichÏexecution€may€issue€if€necessary.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àIt€is€so€ordered€this€_____€day€of€_____________,€1996.ÌÌà ` àà ¸ àà Å àà h àà À àà  àà p àPER€CURIAMÌReid,€J.,€not€participatingÔ#†X7X X X»ØÇ=#ÔÔ% € ÔÐ @8à.< ÐñÛñ›