ÿWPCn q”¹ÂXo%Ûˬ<Œ§Xå(¥.`á)ˆÔõ!ôÔþ­HpãdOÅMûÍ¢Z~&_‡á†©Ø|Ü"ȇƒ½p[ˆð‹5q]MJ;£çb›­-ÞëìevT-ç/ó¥çU©¸ƒBàFmžÞú ÆÞ¿Y‚éù¬zT:åºÈȶ€‘[ê’1¥¹ñZ§ëߢ`UÚ>ZÎCRN7óØÓä³£Æ^’›GµŒ²Ã7)À îÇÔBMEmð®|6‘Û¤ïVEC ^™nLªf¸Oã^u?ýä¾ r©Õ‹PÇç%ðùç¼±‘ß%(Š}47Í}ɇˆ­]B:[‹,Ãv¿˜ö+ÝHÆtýÈ ‚jxï±ÂQsÔ£õ<ÃÁÜ&‰1#hN"V²èó‰C=IáÜwbWàGÃ2qyá ´“”œóëj¬Æ]b(~ Ìá"Ä 9Î,Fˆ‹FÂ! æ†åÄOŒÝ7Õ8‡T~)ÙluÆ!=‚¬B‚ÿ%{©† ºÒeó®â—KûýÙ“Òð²Ò}M„/m~ä/©'FÖ—o¿¼õî¹9šW“œÇ‰n‘ÝÿG¾öâÕ¿MÞ¿}ž’W&I¨ýîïøXêwJöêçÇH¾b#Á\ % U,@# 0ˆc U Në ^ 9 wE zI Òà 4• © ¸ mº ÆÑ Æ— Æ] Æ#ÚéNÃÅ 0DÍEEXUNnN¼ z¾Ò8  U:)))))))))))))))bcccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccccc 0ëkkkk B VV 0¤s D3 D-J 0Kww ASÂÆ 0¤Û 0D A«Ã˜HP LaserJet 4Si,ü,,,,,ü0»(ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular-”[)â  ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wptÛuV)Û3|x ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 ÐÝ ƒRµ+$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÔ€X°ãX»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€€Ô€X¨¨XXX°ãÔThe€medical€testimony€showed€that€any€pre„existing€condition€arose€as€a€result€of€herÐ  Ðemployment€with€the€defendant;€however,€were€we€to€assume€a€pre„existing€condition€unrelated€toÐ  Ðthe€employment,€it€is€equally€clear€from€the€medical€depositions€that€the€condition€was€aggravatedÐ ôì Ðby€the€work„related€incident.€€In€such€a€case,€the€employer€remains€liable.€€See€òòÔ‡X¨¨XXX¨¨ÔHill€v.€Eagle€BendÐ à Ø ÐMfg.,€Inc.,€óó942€S.W.2d€483€(Tenn.€1997),€citing€òòFink€v.€Caudle,€óó856€S.W.2d€952,€958€(Tenn.€1993);Ð Ì Ä ÐòòWhite€v.€Werthan€Indus.,€óó824€S.W.2d€158,€159€(Tenn.€1992);€òòTalley€v.€Virginia€Ins.€Reciprocal,óó€775Ð ¸ ° ÐS.W.2d€587,€591€(Tenn.€1989)Ô#†X¨¨XXX¨¨H#Ô. ()Ã$òòÚ  Ú3Ú  Úóó ;Ý ƒRµ+$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€X°ãX»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€X¨¨XXX°ãÔ€€Ô‡ôUœ òXX¨¨ÔThe€plaintiff€does€not€dispute€the€propriety€of€the€setting€aside€of€the€default€judgment.Ô#†X¨¨X òôUœŸ#Ô Ñ  Ñ(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt Ý ƒRµ+$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÔ€X°ãX»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ô€€Ô‡X¨¨XXX°ãÔÔ‡ôUœ òXX¨¨ÔThe€defendant€did€not€present€any€evidence€regarding€crucial€issues€such€as€the€identity€of€the€signatory€ofÐ  Ðthe€certified€mail€receipt,€who€sent€the€complaint€and€summons€back,€why€the€address€used€was€not€sufficient,€etc.€Ð øð ÐFurther,€it€is€curious€to€note€that€the€defendant€executed€its€denial€of€claim€letter€on€August€11,€1998ð!ðone€day€after€theÐ ¼´ Ðplaintiff€attempted€service€at€the€defendantððs€physical€location€and€the€same€day€it€received€service€from€theÐ € x ÐCommissioner.òòóóÔ#†X¨¨X òôUœŸ#Ô, øð AZ‹"Arial Regular- ù-(|G2µ+$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€..ÑÑ8€¾¤»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€X°ãX»»Ô d(|3*$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€..ÑÑ8€¾¤»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV'ÿÿdxd)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3*$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€..ÑÑ8€¾¤»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€¾¤»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€¼¾¤»»»ÔÑ8€°ãXXdð»»d8ÑÓ  ÓÔ€¼â´»»¼¾¤ÔÑ€DÑà@@7 7 ìàIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEEÐ ° ÐSPECIAL€WORKERSðð€COMPENSATION€APPEALS€PANELÐ Â Ðà@@ƒƒìàAT€KNOXVILLEÐ Ô$ Ð(April€27,€2000€Session)Ð æ6 ÐÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´ÔÌò òÔ#†¼â´»XX¨¨ #ÔPENNY€MICHELLE€Ô_ÔLOVEDAYÔ_Ôòòóó€v.€FOOD€LION,€INC.òòóóÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´Ôó óÐ ä 4 ÐÌà@@¼¼ìàò ò€Direct€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Anderson€CountyÐ ä 4 Ðà@@ôôìàNo.€98LA0345€€€€€€James€B.€Scott,€Jr.,€Judge€Ð Ð  ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<“` AßÐ ”ä  ÐÌNo.€E1999„00188„Ô_ÔWCÔ_Ô„R3„CV€„€Mailed:€August€2,€2000Ô#†¼â´»XX¨¨¤#ÔÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´ÔÐ ß  ÐFiled:€October€27,€2000Ð {Ë  ÐßA€V) °°` dE<f` AßÐ g·  Ðó óÌÓ  ÓThis€workers'€compensation€appeal€€has€been€referred€to€the€Special€Workers'€Compensation€Appeals€Ð b² ÐPanel€of€the€Supreme€Court€in€accordance€with€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€50„6„225(e)(3)€forÐ Nž Ðhearing€and€reporting€to€the€Supreme€Court€of€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law.€€TheÐ :Š Ðdefendant/appellant,€Food€Lion,€Inc.,€appeals€the€trial€courtððs€award€of€temporary€total€disabilityÐ &v Ðbenefits,€permanent€partial€disability€benefits,€and€five€hundred€dollars€in€costs€associated€withÐ b Ðservice€of€process€and€subsequent€default€judgment€hearings.€€Specifically,€Food€Lion€contends€theÐ þN Ðplaintiff,€Penny€Michelle€Ô_ÔLovedayÔ_Ô,€failed€to€adequately€serve€her€complaint€and€thus€it€should€notÐ ê: Ðbe€punished€for€the€ensuing€costs€associated€with€the€setting€aside€of€the€default€judgment.€€FoodÐ Ö& ÐLion€also€contends€(1)€Ms.€Ô_ÔLovedayÔ_Ô€failed€to€carry€her€burden€of€proof€with€respect€to€showing€sheÐ Â Ðsuffered€an€injury€during€the€course€and€scope€of€her€employment;€(2)€the€medical€testimony€failedÐ ®þ Ðto€establish€causation;€(3)€assuming€an€injury,€the€trial€judge€exceeded€the€2.5€multiplier;€(4)Ð šê Ðtemporary€total€disability€should€have€been€awarded€for€only€twelve€days;€and€(5)€the€trial€judgeÐ †Ö Ðimproperly€excluded€the€plaintiff€medical€records€and€deposition€testimony.€€We€affirm.€€Ð r ÐÔ#†¼â´»XX¨¨r#ÔÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´ÔÌÌò òÓ  ÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€50„6„225(e)€(1999)€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€CourtÐ 6!†  ÐAffirmed.ó óÐ ""r! ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÓ  ÓByers,€Sr.€J.,Ô#†¼â´»àX¨¨“ #ÔÔ‡X¨¨X.¼â´Ôóó€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòAnderson,€C.J.,óóÔ#†¼â´»XX¨¨Ÿ #ÔÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´Ô€and€òòThayer,€Sp.€j.,óóÔ#†¼â´»XX¨¨' #ÔÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´Ô€Ô#†¼â´»XX¨¨ƒ #ÔÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´Ô€€€Ð ú#J# Ѐòòóójoined.Ð æ$6 $ ÐÔ#†¼â´»XX¨¨Æ #ÔÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´ÔÌJ.€Ford€Little,€Knoxville,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellant,€Food€Lion,€Inc.Ð ¾&"& ÐÌRoger€L.€Ô_ÔRidenourÔ_Ô,€Clinton,€Tennessee,€for€the€appellee,€Penny€Michelle€Ô_ÔLovedayÔ_Ô.Ð –(æ#( ÐÌÓb ÓÓ  Óò òÐ  n*¾%*ý ÐMEMORANDUM€OPINIONó óÔ#†¼â´»XX¨¨C#ÔÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´ÔÐ ° ÐÌòòÓ  ÓóóÔ#†¼â´»XX¨¨×#ÔÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´ÔÌà@¥¥(ìàò òòòFACTSó óóóˆÐ tÄ ÐÌThe€plaintiff,€age€35€at€the€time€of€trial,€has€a€job€history€consisting€mainly€of€unskilled,€generalÐ L œ Ðlabor€with€one€semi„skilled€job€at€a€sewing€factory.€€The€plaintiff€began€working€for€the€defendantÐ 8 ˆ Ðas€a€deli€clerk€and€later€was€promoted€to€deli€clerk/baker.€€Her€duties€with€the€defendant€included,Ð $ t Ðamong€other€chores,€lifting€boxes€of€frozen€bread€dough€from€the€freezer€to€be€baked€and€sold€in€theÐ  ` Ðdeli.€€Ð ü L  ÐÌDuring€June€of€1998,€approximately€three€years€after€beginning€her€position€with€the€defendant,€theÐ Ô$  Ðplaintiff€began€experiencing€pain€in€her€right€shoulder.€€The€plaintiff€attributed€the€soreness€and€painÐ À  Ðin€her€right€shoulder€to€her€lifting€duties€in€the€deli.€€Ð ¬ü  ÐÌOn€June€30,€1998,€approximately€three€weeks€after€the€initial€onset€of€pain€in€her€right€shoulder,€theÐ „Ô  Ðplaintiff€was€pulling€a€donut€cart€filled€with€donuts€for€stocking€a€display€when€the€cart€tipped€over,Ð pÀ Ðfell€onto€her€left€Ô_ÔbicepÔ_Ô€area,€and€pushed€her€into€the€display€causing€her€to€strike€her€right€shoulderÐ \¬ Ðon€the€edge€of€the€display€case.€€When€she€attempted€to€lift€the€cart€upright,€she€felt€a€pop€in€her€rightÐ H˜ Ðshoulder€and€experienced€severe€pain.€Ð 4„ ÐÌThe€plaintiff€testified€she€did€not€know€what€made€the€cart€tip€over.Ð  \ ÐÌThe€plaintiff€notified€the€store€manager€immediately€after€the€accident.€€Despite€complaints€ofÐ ä4 Ðsignificant€pain,€she€was€not€allowed€to€leave€her€duties€to€see€a€doctor€until€the€deli€manager€arrivedÐ Ð  Ðsome€two€hours€later.Ð ¼  ÐÌThe€plaintiff€was€initially€Ô#†¼â´»XX¨¨A#ÔÔ‡X¨¨X»¼â´Ôseen€by€Dr.€Craig€Ô_ÔRylandsÔ_Ô,€M.D.€€He€treated€the€plaintiff€conservativelyÐ ”ä Ðthen€referred€her€to€an€orthopedic€surgeon.€€Dr.€Ô_ÔRylandsÔ_Ô€testified€via€deposition€that€although€theÐ €Ð Ðplaintiffððs€history€concerning€how€the€accident€actually€occurred€was€not€entirely€consistent,€theÐ l¼ Ðhistory€was€consistent€with€her€pathology€and€with€his€diagnosis€of€an€acute€injury€to€the€rightÐ X ¨ Ðshoulder€occurring€on€June€30,€1998.€€Dr.€Ô_ÔRylandsÔ_Ô€kept€the€plaintiff€on€the€work€restriction€that€sheÐ D!” Ðnot€use€her€right€arm€for€12€days.Ð 0"€  ÐÌWhen€the€plaintiff€attempted€to€return€to€work€with€the€restriction€that€she€not€use€her€right€arm,€sheÐ $X" Ðwas€told€there€was€nothing€for€her€to€do.€€The€defendant€then€sent€her€home.Ð ô$D # ÐÌShortly€after€being€referred€to€another€doctor,€the€plaintiff€discovered€that€the€defendant€refused€toÐ Ì&"% Ðprovide€her€with€further€medical€care€or€other€benefits.€In€an€August€11,€1998,€denial€of€the€claimÐ ¸'#& Ðthe€defendant€stated€the€plaintiff€did€not€suffer€an€injury€by€accident€during€the€course€and€scope€ofÐ ¤(ô#' Ðher€employment€based€mainly€on€its€findings€that€the€plaintiff€had€an€undisclosed€pre„existingÐ )à$( Ðcondition€and€that€nearby€co„workers€would€have€heard€(but€did€not€hear)€the€cart€falling€if€indeedÐ |*Ì%) Ðit€did€fall.Ð h+¸&* ЇAfter€a€lapse€in€medical€treatment€due€to€the€denial€of€benefits,€the€plaintiff€was€treated€by€Dr.€Ô_ÔGeronÔ_ÔÐ ° ÐBrown,€an€orthopedic€surgeon.€€Dr.€Brown€agreed€the€plaintiffððs€history€regarding€her€job„relatedÐ œì Ðinjury,€albeit€ð ðdisjointed,ðð€could€be€the€cause€of€her€injuries.€€He€diagnosed€impingement€syndromeÐ ˆØ Ðof€the€right€shoulder€with€a€possible€rotator€cuff€tear€and€muscle€strain€of€the€cervical€spine.€€Dr.Ð tÄ ÐBrown€returned€the€plaintiff€to€work€on€December€14,€1998€with€restrictions€of€no€more€than€twoÐ `° Ðhours€per€eight€hour€shift€of€overhead€work.€€Dr.€Brown€found€the€plaintiff€sustained€a€nine€percentÐ L œ Ðimpairment€to€the€right€upper€extremity€or€five€percent€to€the€body€as€a€whole.Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌAfter€obtaining€a€medical€release€from€Dr.€Brown,€the€plaintiff€tried€to€return€to€work€with€theÐ  ` Ðdefendant€a€second€time;€however,€she€was€again€refused€work€and€told€she€must€wait€until€theÐ ü L  Ðhearing€in€the€workersðð€compensation€matter€was€over.Ð è 8  ÐÌThe€plaintiff,€in€desperate€financial€straits€with€two€children€and€Christmas€approaching,€sought€andÐ À  Ðgained€employment€with€another€grocery€store€deli.€€The€work€at€that€job€fit€within€her€restrictionsÐ ¬ü  Ðand€was€virtually€identical€to€her€duties€with€the€defendant.Ð ˜è  ÐÌThe€plaintiff€filed€her€complaint€on€July€31,€1998.€€She€attempted€to€obtain€service€of€process€on€theÐ pÀ Ðdefendant€on€August€3,€1998,€at€the€defendantððs€physical€location€in€Anderson€County€where€theÐ \¬ Ðplaintiff€worked.€€Service€of€process€was€refused€at€that€time€and€location.€€Ð H˜ ÐÌSubsequently,€the€Commissioner€of€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Commerce€and€Insurance,€pursuantÐ  p Ðto€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€56„2„504,€sent€a€copy€of€the€complaint€and€summons€to€theÐ  \ Ðdefendant€at€a€Nashville€post€office€box€address€via€a€certified€mail.€€On€August€11,€1998,€theÐ øH Ðcertified€mail€receipt€was€signed€by€ð ðsome€individualððð!ðthe€record€does€not€identify€this€person€orÐ ä4 Ðreveal€the€personððs€job€title.€€At€a€later€date€(possibly€the€next€day€but€not€entirely€clear€upon€thisÐ Ð  Ðrecord),€the€complaint€and€summons€were€returned€unopened€and€marked€ð ðReturn€to€Senderðð€viaÐ ¼  Ðcertified€mail€to€the€Commissioner.Ð ¨ø ÐÌOn€October€1,€1998,€the€plaintiff€filed€a€Motion€for€Default€judgment€which€was€heard€and€grantedÐ €Ð Ðon€October€12,€1998.€€The€judgment€was€later€set€aside€due€to€mistake,€neglect€or€error€on€theÐ l¼ Ðdefendantððs€part;€however,€the€trial€judge€did€award€$500€in€fees€to€the€plaintiff€to€offset€her€costsÐ X ¨ Ðin€association€with€obtaining€service€of€process,€the€default€judgment€and€the€subsequent€settingÐ D!” Ðaside€of€the€default€judgment.Ð 0"€  ÐÌThe€matter€was€set€for€trial.€€Approximately€ten€days€before€trial,€the€plaintiff€was€offered€her€formerÐ $X" Ðposition€with€the€defendant.€€She€accepted€but€stated€she€could€not€begin€work€for€two€weeksð!ðsheÐ ô$D # Ðfelt€she€needed€to€give€two€weeks€notice€to€her€current€employer.€€Shortly€thereafter,€the€plaintiffÐ à%0!$ Ðreceived€a€Fed€Ex€letter€informing€her€that€she€should€return€to€work€on€a€specific€date€before€theÐ Ì&"% Ðtwo€week€period€had€expired;€the€date€set€for€her€return€to€work€also€happened€to€be€the€date€of€theÐ ¸'#& Ðreceipt€of€the€letter.€€The€plaintiff€interpreted€the€letter€to€be€a€termination€letter;€the€defendantÐ ¤(ô#' Ðclaimed€it€was€not.Ð )à$( ÐÌAfter€hearing€seven€live€witnesses€at€trial€and€considering€the€testimony€of€three€doctors€whoÐ h+¸&* ÐÑDÑâ âѰÑâ âÑ  Ñtestified€via€deposition,€the€trial€judge€awarded€the€plaintiff€20€percent€permanent€partial€disabilityÐ  Ðto€the€body€as€a€whole€with€accompanying€temporary€disability€benefits€from€the€date€of€injury€untilÐ ôì Ðthe€December€14,€1998,€release€by€Dr.€Brown.Ð àØ ÐÌWe€affirm€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€with€respect€to€both€the€$500€award€associated€with€theÐ ¸ ° Ðservice€of€process/default€judgment€and€the€award€of€disability€benefits.Ð ¤ œ ÐÔ#†¼â´»XX¨¨å#ÔÔ€X¨¨X»¼â´Ôà@ìì*ìàˆÌà@òò&ìàò òòòANALYSISóóó óˆÐ | t ÐÌÌò òService€of€Process/Award€of€Costs€Associated€With€Default€Judgmentó ó׃×Ý ƒ)ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ׀Р@8  ÐÌThe€defendant€argues€the€complaint€was€never€properly€served.Ð   ÐÌThe€defendant€argues€that€despite€the€fact€ð ðsome€individualðð€signed€the€certified€mail€receipt,€theÐ ôì  Ðdocument€was€returned€to€the€Department€of€Commerce€and€Insurance€thereby€thwarting€effectiveÐ àØ  Ðservice.€€Rule€4.05€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Civil€Procedure€outlines€the€procedure€to€be€used€inÐ ÌÄ Ðserving€foreign€defendants.€€Rule€4.05(5)€states:Ð ¸° ÐÌÒ°ÒÒ°ÒWhen€service€of€summons,€process,€or€notice€is€provided€for€or€permitted€byÐ ˆ Ðregistered€or€certified€mail,€under€the€laws€of€Tennessee,€and€the€addressee,€or€theÐ |t Ðaddresseeððs€agent,€refuses€to€accept€delivery,€and€it€is€so€stated€in€the€return€receiptÐ h` Ðof€the€United€States€Postal€Service,€the€written€return€receipt,€if€returned€and€filed€inÐ TL Ðthe€action,€shall€be€deemed€an€actual€and€valid€service€for€the€summons,€process,€orÐ @8 Ðnotice.€€Service€by€mail€is€complete€upon€the€mailing.€€For€purposes€of€thisÐ ,$ Ðparagraph,€the€United€States€Postal€Service€notation€that€a€properly€addressedÐ  Ðregistered€or€certified€letter€is€ð ðunclaimed,ðð€or€other€similar€notation,€is€sufficientÐ ü Ðevidence€of€the€defendantððs€refusal€to€accept€delivery.Ð ðè ÐÒ°ÒÌÒ°ÒIn€this€case,€the€Commissioner€of€the€Tennessee€Department€of€Commerce€and€Insurance€served€theÐ È!À Ðdefendant€via€certified€mail€as€provided€for€in€Tennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€56„2„504.€€TheÐ ´"¬ Ðdefendantððs€agent€signed€the€return€receipt€on€August€11,€1998.€€€The€record€shows€that€at€someÐ  #˜ Ðpoint,€the€document€was€returned€to€the€Commissioner€marked€ð ðReturn€to€Sender.ðð€€Under€RuleÐ Œ$„  Ð4.05(5),€service€of€process€against€the€defendant€was€made€on€August€11,€1998.€Ð x%p! ÐÌFurthermore,€other€than€the€bare€facts€of€the€receipt€of€the€complaint€via€certified€mail€from€theÐ P'H # ÐCommissioner,€the€return€via€certified€mail€marked€ð ðReturn€to€Senderðð€to€the€Commissioner€ofÐ <(4!$ Ðsame,€and€the€testimony€of€an€employee€regarding€where€ð ðmostðð€service€was€received€and€loggedÐ () "% Ð(and€the€absence€of€any€record€regarding€the€complaint€at€that€address),€the€defendant€has€providedÐ  Ðno€account€of€what€transpired€regarding€the€service€of€process.׃×Ý ƒ)ÃÝòòÚ  Ú2Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×€€Since€the€defendant€filed€noÐ ôì Ðtranscript€of€the€hearing€of€the€motion€to€set€aside€the€default€judgment,€the€record€is€simply€devoidÐ àØ Ðof€any€real€facts€showing€the€service€was€not€properly€effectuated;€the€defendant€basically€proceedsÐ Ì Ä Ðonly€on€the€bare€argument€that€service€was€never€properly€effectuated.€€Ð ¸ ° ÐÌIt€is€the€duty€of€the€appellant€to€prepare€a€record€which€conveys€a€fair,€accurate€and€complete€accountÐ  ˆ Ðof€what€transpired€in€the€Trial€Court€with€respect€to€the€issues€which€form€the€basis€of€appeal.€€Tenn.Ð | t ÐR.€App.€P.€24(b).€€In€the€absence€of€an€adequate€record€on€appeal€this€Court€must€presume€the€trialÐ h` Ðcourtððs€rulings€were€supported€by€sufficient€evidence.€€òòÔ_ÔSherrodÔ_Ô€v.€Ô_ÔWixÔ_Ô,óó€849€S.W.2d€780,€783€(Tenn.Ð TL  ÐApp.€1992).€€The€record€presented€shows€the€plaintiff€properly€served€the€defendant€on€August€11,Ð @8  Ð1998€in€accordance€with€the€applicable€rule€of€civil€procedure.€€The€evidence€does€not€preponderateÐ ,$  Ðagainst€the€trial€judgeððs€finding€with€respect€to€this€issue.Ð   ÐÌThe€defendant€also€argues€that€the€award€of€$500€to€the€plaintiff€to€cover€the€costs€associated€withÐ ðè  Ðservice€of€process,€the€default€judgment,€and€the€setting€aside€of€the€default€judgment€was€ð ðpunitiveððÐ ÜÔ  Ðand€should€be€set€aside€because€the€defendant€was€never€properly€served€with€process€and€thereforeÐ ÈÀ Ðhad€no€notice€of€the€complaint€against€it.€€Ð ´¬ ÐÌThe€motion€to€set€aside€the€default€judgment€was€granted€pursuant€to€Rule€55.02€and€in€accordanceÐ Œ„ Ðwith€Rule€60.02€of€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Civil€Procedure.€€Rule€60.02€states€in€relevant€part:€ð ðOnÐ xp Ðmotion€òòand€upon€such€terms€as€are€justóó,€the€court€may€relieve€a€party€.€.€.€from€a€final€judgment€.€.Ð d\ Ð.€.ðð€Tenn.€R.€Civ.€P.€60.02€(emphasis€added).€€The€underlined€language€vests€in€the€court€a€broadÐ PH Ðdiscretion€with€respect€to€the€imposition€of€conditions€which€must€be€met€by€one€who€seeks€reliefÐ <4 Ðfrom€a€final€judgment€under€Rule€60.02.€€òòÔ_ÔQuallsÔ_Ô€v.€Ô_ÔQuallsÔ_Ôóó,€589€S.W.2d€906€(Tenn.€1979).€€It€isÐ (  Ðrecognized€that€a€court€in€granting€a€motion€to€open€or€vacate€a€judgment€may,€within€reasonableÐ   Ðlimits,€impose€such€terms€as€it€deems€just€and€proper€to€prescribe.€€òòId;€see€also€Morrow€v.€Morrowóó,Ð ø Ð1987€WL€15523€(Tenn.€Ct.€App.€1987)(ð ðThe€condition€of€the€relief€was€that€defendant€should€bearÐ ìä Ðthe€burden€of€the€expenses€[attorney€fees€occasioned€by€the€default€judgment]€her€action€hadÐ Ø Ð Ðcausedðð).€€The€condition€of€relief€in€this€case€was€that€the€defendant€pay€the€rather€modest€amountÐ Ä!¼ Ðof€fees€incurred€by€the€plaintiff€with€respect€to€the€service€of€process€and€the€default€judgment.€Ð °"¨ ÐUnder€the€facts€of€this€case,€the€condition€is€reasonable.Ð œ#” ÐÌÐ  t%l! ÐÌò òInjury€During€the€Course€and€Scope€of€the€Employmentó óÐ ôì ÐÌThe€review€of€the€findings€of€fact€made€by€the€trial€court€is€òòde€novoóó€upon€the€record€of€the€trial€court,Ð Ì Ä Ðaccompanied€by€a€presumption€of€the€correctness€of€the€finding,€unless€the€preponderance€of€theÐ ¸ ° Ðevidence€is€otherwise,€€òòTenn.€Code€Ann.€ððóó€50„6„225(e)(2);€òòStone€v.€City€of€Ô_ÔMcMinnvilleÔ_Ô,€óó896Ð ¤ œ ÐS.W.2d€548,€550€(Tenn.€1995).€€Where€the€trial€judge€has€made€a€determination€based€upon€theÐ  ˆ Ðtestimony€of€witnesses€whom€he€has€seen€and€heard,€great€deference€must€be€given€to€that€findingÐ | t Ðin€determining€whether€the€evidence€preponderates€against€the€trial€judgeððs€determination.€€òòSeeóóÐ h` ÐòòHumphrey€v.€David€Ô_ÔWitherspoonÔ_Ô,€Inc.,€óó734€S.W.2d€315€(Tenn.€1987).Ð TL  ÐÌIn€this€case€the€trial€judge€found€the€plaintiff€ð ðcredible€and€sincereðð€and€found€that€her€claim€wasÐ ,$  Ðsupported€by€the€preponderance€of€the€proof.€€The€plaintiff€was€candid€in€her€testimony€regardingÐ   Ðthe€accident€and€readily€admitted€she€did€not€know€the€exact€mechanism€of€the€injury;€however,Ð ü  Ðcertainty€in€this€regard€is€not€mandatory,€and€the€plaintiff€gave€a€plausible€account.€€Ð ðè  ÐÌThe€trial€judge€recognized€that€the€defendant,€testifying€through€its€witnesses€at€trial,€denied€theÐ ÈÀ Ðinjury„causing€event€ever€occurred.€€However,€none€of€the€defendantððs€witnesses€were€able€to€sayÐ ´¬ Ðthe€accident€did€not€happenð!ðonly€that€they€thought€they€would€have€heard€it€if€it€did.€€The€trial€judgeÐ  ˜ Ðobviously€found€the€plaintiffððs€testimony€and€proof€outweighed€that€of€the€defendant.€€OurÐ Œ„ Ðexamination€of€the€record€on€this€issue€leads€us€to€the€conclusion€that€the€evidence€does€notÐ xp Ðpreponderate€against€the€trial€courtððs€finding€in€this€respect.Ð d\ ÐÌò òCausationó óÐ <4 ÐÌThe€defendant€argues€that€even€if€the€donut€cart€did€fall€as€the€plaintiff€testified,€the€shoulder€injuryÐ   Ðfor€which€she€was€compensated€did€not€occur€as€a€result€of€the€cart€falling,€but€rather€was€caused€by€Ð ø Ða€pre„existing€condition€not€related€to€her€employment€with€the€defendant.׃×Ý ƒ)ÃÝòòÚ  Ú3Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð ìä ÐÌIn€order€to€be€eligible€for€workersðð€compensation€benefits,€an€employee€must€suffer€ð ðan€injury€byÐ Ä!¼ Ðaccident€arising€out€of€and€in€the€course€of€employment€which€causes€either€disablement€or€death.ðð€Ð °"¨ ÐòòTenn.€Code€Ann.óó€ðð€50„6„102(a)(5).€€The€phrase€ð ðarising€out€ofðð€refers€to€causation.€€The€causationÐ œ#” ÐÔ_Ôrequirement€is€satisfied€if€the€injury€has€a€rational,€causal€connection€to€the€work.€òòóó€òòReeser€v.€YellowÐ  ÐFreight€Sys.,€Inc.,€óó938€S.W.2d€690,€692€(Tenn.€1997)€(citations€omitted);òò€Fink€v.€Caudle,€óó856Ð ôì ÐS.W.2d€952€(Tenn.€1993).Ô‡¼â´»XX¨¨ÔÐ àØ ÐÔ#†X¨¨X»¼â´²U#ÔÌAlthough€causation€cannot€be€based€upon€merely€speculative€or€conjectural€proof,€absolute€certaintyÐ ¸ ° Ðis€not€required.€€Any€reasonable€doubt€in€this€regard€is€to€be€construed€in€favor€of€the€employee.€€WeÐ ¤ œ Ðhave,€thus,€consistently€held€that€an€award€may€properly€be€based€upon€medical€testimony€to€theÐ  ˆ Ðeffect€that€a€given€incident€ð ðcould€beðð€the€cause€of€the€employeeððs€injury€when€there€is€also€layÐ | t Ðtestimony€from€which€it€reasonably€may€be€inferred€that€the€incident€was€in€fact€the€cause€of€theÐ h` Ðinjury.€€òòReeser€v.€Yellow€Freight€Sys.,€Inc.,€óó938€S.W.2d€690,€692€(Tenn.€1997)€(citations€omitted).€Ð TL  ÐOnly€a€medical€expert€may€testify€as€to€whether€a€given€disability€is€permanent.€€òòBolton€v.€CNA€Ins.Ð @8  ÐCo.óó,€821€S.W.2d€932€(Tenn.€1991).€Ð ,$  ÐÌWhen€the€medical€testimony€is€presented€by€deposition,€as€it€was€in€this€case,€this€Court€is€able€toÐ ü  Ðmake€its€own€independent€assessment€of€the€medical€proof€to€determine€where€the€preponderanceÐ ðè  Ðof€the€evidence€lies.€òòCooper€v.€INA,€óó884€S.W.2d€446,€451€(Tenn.€1994);€òòLanders€v.€Firemanððs€FundÐ ÜÔ  ÐIns.€Co.,€óó775€S.W.2d€355,€356€(Tenn.€1989).€€€Dr.€Rylands€testified€that€the€plaintiff€suffered€anÐ ÈÀ Ðacute€injury€to€her€right€shoulder€on€June€30,€1998.€€Dr.€Brown€testified€the€injury€described€by€theÐ ´¬ Ðplaintiff€was€ð ðvery€compatible€with€the€pathology€that€[he]€noted€or€the€diagnosis€[he€made].ðð€€€Ð  ˜ ÐÌThe€plaintiff€testified€that€her€work€duties€and€the€cart€incident€were€the€cause€of€her€shoulder€injury.€Ð xp ÐIn€this€case,€as€in€all€workersðð€compensation€cases,€the€claimant's€own€assessment€of€his€physicalÐ d\ Ðcondition€and€resulting€disabilities€is€competent€testimony€and€cannot€be€disregarded.€òòTom€StillÐ PH ÐTransfer€Co.€v.€Way,óó€482€S.W.2d€775,€777€(Tenn.€1972).€The€medical€and€lay€proof€adequatelyÐ <4 Ðsupport€the€trial€judgeððs€finding.€€Ð (  ÐÌò òPropriety€of€Multiplieró óÐ ø ÐÌThe€defendant€argues€the€trial€court€erroneously€exceeded€the€2.5€multiplier€set€forth€in€TennesseeÐ Ø Ð ÐCode€Annotated€ðð€50„6„241.€€The€defendantððs€argument€is€without€merit.€€The€plaintiff€attemptedÐ Ä!¼ Ðto€return€to€work€with€the€defendant€twice€and€was€turned€away€both€times.€€The€defendantððs€attemptÐ °"¨ Ðto€return€the€plaintiff€to€work€ten€days€before€trial€was€a€clear€attempt€to€limit€its€liability€byÐ œ#” Ðmanipulating€the€system€in€a€way€not€contemplated€or€permitted€by€our€case€law.€€òòSee€Gaines€v.Ð ˆ$€  ÐAmerican€Airlines,€Inc.óó,€1997€WL€531104€(Tenn.€1997).€€The€offer€by€the€defendant€in€this€case€wasÐ t%l! Ðnot€meaningful€and€the€plaintiffððs€actions€were€not€unreasonable.Ð `&X" ÐÌò òTemporary€Total€Disabilityó ó€Ð 8(0!$ ÐÌTemporary€total€disability€benefits€are€intended€to€provide€the€injured€employee€with€income€duringÐ * #& Ðthe€time€in€which€that€employee€is€unable€to€work€due€an€on„the„job€injury.€€The€medical€proof€inÐ +ø#' Ðthis€case€shows,€and€the€trial€judge€found,€that€the€plaintiff€was€able€to€return€to€work€as€Ô_ÔofÐ ì+ä$( ÐDecember€14,€1998€per€Dr.€Brownððs€written€release€executed€on€that€day.€€The€trial€courtððs€findingÐ  Ðin€this€respect€is€supported€by€a€preponderance€of€the€evidenceÐ ôì ÐÌÌò òExclusion€of€Medical€Records€and€Plaintiffððs€Deposition€Testimonyó óÐ ¸ ° ÐÌThe€defendant€argues€the€plaintiffððs€medical€records€were€erroneously€excluded€by€the€trial€judge.€Ð  ˆ ÐThe€defendant€bases€its€argument€on€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Evidence€and€statutes€regardingÐ | t Ðadmission€of€medical€records.€€Although€the€records€are€indeed€hearsay,€they€may€be€madeÐ h` Ðadmissible€under€€exceptions€to€the€Tennessee€Rules€of€Evidence€regarding€hearsay.€€In€this€case,Ð TL  Ðthe€records€may€have€been€erroneously€excluded;€however,€we€need€not€address€that€issue€in€depthÐ @8  Ðbecause€the€information€contained€in€the€records€was€already€before€the€court€and€likewise€had€beenÐ ,$  Ðused€during€the€medical€depositions.Ð   ÐÌAs€to€the€depositions€in€this€case,€they€were€excluded€under€Rule€403€as€cumulative.€€The€finalÐ ðè  Ðground€for€exclusion€of€evidence€under€Rule€403€is€ð ðneedless€presentation€of€cumulative€evidence.ðð€Ð ÜÔ  ÐThis€category€gives€the€trial€judge€discretion€to€limit€repeated€efforts€to€prove€the€same€facts.€€òòSeeÐ ÈÀ ÐóóòòNeil€P.€Cohen€et€al.,óó€òòTennessee€Law€of€Evidenceóó€ðð€403.6€(3d€ed.€1995);€òòÔ_ÔDoochinÔ_Ô€v.€U.S.Ð ´¬ ÐFidelity€and€Guar.€Co.,óó€854€S.W.2d€109,€112€(Tenn.€App.€1993).€€Any€error€by€the€trial€judge€is€thisÐ  ˜ Ðrespect€will€not€be€overturned€absent€a€showing€of€abuse€of€discretion.€€òòId.óó€€The€defendant€madeÐ Œ„ Ðliberal€use€of€the€deposition€during€cross„examination.€€The€trial€judge€did€not€abuse€his€discretionÐ xp Ðin€this€respect;€therefore,€we€will€not€disturb€his€ruling€on€this€issue.Ð d\ ÐÌThe€judgment€of€the€circuit€court€is€ò òAffirmedó ó€in€all€respects.€€The€costs€of€this€appeal€are€taxed€toÐ <4 Ðthe€defendant.€€Ð  ,$ ÐÔ‡¼â´»XX¨¨ÔÑ  ÑÑ  Ñà@™ ™ ìàÔ#†X¨¨X»¼â´Ql#ÔÔ‡î÷åîXX¨¨ÔIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ  Ðà@WW$ìàAT€KNOXVILLEˆÐ .& ÐÔ#†X¨¨Xîî÷å½l#ÔÌò òÔ‡¼â´»XX¨¨ÔÓ  ÓPENNY€MICHòòóóELLE€Ô_ÔLOVEDAYÔ_Ô€v.€FOOD€LION,€INC.Ô#†X¨¨X»¼â´nm#Ôó óÐ @ 8 ÐÓmÓÌà@ìì*ìàò òˆÌà@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<+ ` A߈Ð , $ ÐÌà@èèìàNo.€€E1999„00188„Ô_ÔWCÔ_Ô„R3„CVˆÐ ' Ðà@ìàFiled:€October€27,€2000ˆÐ    ÐßA€V) °°` dE<þ` AßÐ ÿ÷  Ðó óÌà@ƒƒ(ìàò òORDERó óˆÐ úò  ÐÌòòóóÌÌÔ‡XVLXXX¨¨Ôà  àà ` àThis€case€is€before€the€Court€upon€motion€for€review€pursuant€to€Tenn.€CodeÐ ª¢  ÐAnn.€ðð€50„6„225(e)(5)(B),€the€entire€record,€including€the€order€of€referral€to€the€SpecialÐ ˆ ÐWorkers'€Compensation€Appeals€Panel,€and€the€Panel's€Memorandum€Opinion€settingÐ vn Ðforth€its€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law,€which€are€incorporated€herein€by€reference;Ð \T Ðà  àà ` àWhereupon,€it€appears€to€the€Court€that€the€motion€for€review€is€not€well„Ð B: Ðtaken€and€should€be€denied€andÐ (  Ðà  àà ` àIt€is,€therefore,€ordered€that€the€Panel's€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€ofÐ  Ðlaw€are€adopted€and€affirmed,€and€the€decision€of€the€Panel€is€made€the€judgment€of€theÐ ôì ÐCourt.€€ò òÐ ÚÒ Ðó óà  àà ` àCosts€on€appeal€are€taxed€to€the€defendant.Ð À¸ ÐÌà  àà ` àIT€IS€SO€ORDERED€this€____€day€of€______,€2000.Ô#†X¨¨XXXVLëo#ÔÔ‡XVLXXX¨¨ÔÐ Œ„ ÐÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àPER€Ô_ÔCURIAMÔ_ÔÐ >!6 ÐÌÌAnderson,€C.€J.€„€Not€participating.Ô#†X¨¨XXXVLDt#ÔÔ‡X°ãXXX¨¨ÔÐ ð#è! ÐÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àÔ#†X¨¨XXX°ãVu#Ô