ÿWPC£ ©Rål'Ç4Ϻs?Ï¡sNÀ±Š:TÈØtS³¯,ÔaQ!vAýQÃðK¼-ÄïêÈ#p'&ЫÛï‚XøÄóÈŽË:뜶Ü0dßÄ!4:*HZjüÀ_mfýs·z @ë°Ö^Ü*onþžÏ®SQ-¿¾ªQ/".1ü@Ësëëõjp-ÛC4ºd™?»-eö ¢ ݢ炃Zã°/ [›ða?Î\‘Y©Åýoä%·Rº\§”Ô|tvéÀˆÖeå‚Ô©»Ùû½ÛTRÅA(?° É\ù‚ž¡ÉÅN–UÔ1CÔÙkgŽ16( BvYeK²“9y¤¦Di˜´?0¶Ä:5'ð-Êv1—•7ëLz•3Ôy [h+Få ÐænQ³i”ú0¸ØM3˜êåίat|{æ2stRX4ïSBcfT§]J»æuÇ㊥j•GDU_"l­9´®@-én«j™|§à1>?¥Ž–r…¾êV'ký <ãob“—°8§Iu™ÉèV@â’´úè#›;M éÀCj½~÷’€Ï®‹È«Tê2mV¨—6Ðf–]·….–Ÿºy ž†³b#É\ %% ^ + 0ˆ7 U+N¿ w 4 z% ÒŸ q € m‚ U@™ ÆÙ ÆŸ ÆeÆ+áñNÒ 0DÔNEU,UNHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHb–––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––––– 0ëžžžž B ‰‰ 0¤¦ D5J D- 0K¬¬ AS÷ÆJ 0¤ 0D´ A«ø˜\\IB01S02\CLERKJACÈÈ,,,,ÈÈ0»:m1Ï (`£ª$¡¡Ñ€.ÑÑ8€½­»»d»»d8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  Ó(í€"  Z6Times New Roman Regular6hö0ê:i¢×+00 ˜C:\PROGRA~1\COREL\WORDPE~1\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM~1\REVISE~1.WPTC:\Program Files\Corel\WordPerfect Office 2000\Template\Custom WP Templates\revised standard opinion.wpt3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ(ÖÃ9 Z‹(Times New Roman Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5 ×Ý ƒR}$ÝÓ  Óà  àòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÔ€XÜX»»ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€ô¥„ òXXÜÔTennessee€Code€Annotated€ðð€50„6„113€provides€in€pertinent€part:Ð ° Ðà  àà ` à(a)€A€principal,€or€intermediate€contractor,€or€Ô_ÔsubcontracterÔ_Ô€shall€be€liable€for€compensation€to€anyÐ qÁ Ðà  àà ` àemployee€injured€while€in€the€employ€of€any€of€the€subcontractors€of€the€principal,€intermediateÐ 2‚ Ðà  àà ` àcontractor,€or€subcontractor€and€engaged€upon€the€subject€matter€of€the€contract€to€the€same€extent€Ð óC Ðà  à€€€€€€€€€€€€€€as€the€immediate€employer.€€Ð ´ Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€...........Ð uÅ Ðà  àà ` à(d)€This€section€applies€only€in€cases€where€the€injury€occurred€on,€in,€or€about€the€premisesÐ 6 † Ðà  àà ` àon€which€the€principal€contractor€has€undertaken€to€execute€work€or€which€are€otherwise€under€the€Ð ÷ G Ðà  àà ` àprincipalððs€control€or€management.€Ð ¸  Ðà  àà ` àòòóó(%Ã$òòÚ  Ú1Ú  Úóó,c½¬AZ‹Arial (ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman Regular- ù-(|G2}$¤¤Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€..ÑÑ8€‡ù»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ýà  àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóÔ€XÜX»»Ô d(|3¿&$££Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€..ÑÑ8€‡ù»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝVVVV)ÿÿ!dxdx)!ÈÈÈÈdxdx( ±þ$’’ò òFigure€Ú  Ú1Ú  Úó ó^_X`YEþÿ<<CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(|3¿&$¢¢Ý ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€..ÑÑ8€‡ù»»dd8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  Ý($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó óX[Z&OLE 2.0 Box <=8ÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿÿCÿÿ HKKKKÝ ƒ£ª!ÝÑ€.ÑÑ8€‡ù»»ddÈ8ÑÑ ý ÑÓ  ÓÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ€¼‡ù»»»ÔÑ8€ÜXXdé»»d8ÑÓ  ÓÔ‡în‡ùÔà @ àà @ àà @ àà @ àà@@7 7 ìàIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEEÐ ° ÐSPECIAL€WORKERSðð€COMPENSATION€APPEALS€PANELÐ Ó# Ðà@@ƒƒìàAT€JACKSONÔ#†¼‡ù»îînî#ÔÐ öF ÐJanuary€16,€2004€SessionÐ i ÐÔ‡XÜX»¼‡ùÔÌò òÔ#†¼‡ù»XXÜA#ÔEDWIN€R.€OLIVERòò€ex€rel.€EDWIN€C.€OLIVER€óóv.€PROLOGIS€TRUST,€òòetÐ  b Ðalóó.Ô‡XÜX»¼‡ùÔó óÐ # s ÐÌà@@¼¼ìàò ò€Direct€Appeal€from€the€Circuit€Court€for€Shelby€CountyÐ  m Ðà@@ôôìàNo.€CT„000671„WC„00„DIV€I€€€€€€John€R.€McCarroll,€Jr.,€JudgeÐ W  ÐÌÌà@@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<Ä` AßÐ Å  ÐÌNo.€W2003„00670„SC„WCM„CV€„€Mailed€May€20,€2004;€Filed€August€31,€2004Ð ¾  ÐÔ#†¼‡ù»XXÜè#ÔÔ‡XÜX»¼‡ùÔÌÌßA€V) °°` dE<{` AßÐ |Ì Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÔ‡ X¶åXXXÜÔThis€workersðð€compensation€appeal€has€been€referred€to€the€Special€Workersðð€CompensationÐ tÄ ÐAppeals€Panel€of€the€Supreme€Court€in€accordance€with€òòTenn.€Code€Ann.óó€€ðð€50„6„225(e)(3)€forÐ ]­ Ðhearing€and€reporting€to€the€Supreme€Court€of€findings€of€facts€and€conclusions€of€law.Ô#†XÜXX X¶å`#Ô€Ô#†¼‡ù»XXÜÍ#ÔÔ‡XÜX»¼‡ùÔIn€this€caseÐ F– Ðthe€trial€court€held€that€ProLogis€Trust€and€Steve€Graves€were€employers€of€the€employee,€EdwinÐ / ÐC.€Oliver€pursuant€to€òòTenn.€Code€Ann.€óóðð€50„6„113€and€awarded€workersðð€compensation€benefits€forÐ h Ðan€injury€to€his€left€lower€extremity.€€The€sole€issue€presented€for€review€is€whether€the€defendantÐ Q ÐProLogis€Trust,€at€the€time€of€the€employeeððs€accident,€was€the€employeeððs€statutory€employer€asÐ ê: Ðdefined€by€òòTenn.€Code€Ann.€óóðð€50„6„113,€and€therefore€liable€for€workersðð€compensation€benefits.€Ð Ó# ÐFor€the€reasons€discussed€in€this€opinion,€we€find€that€the€judgment€of€the€trial€court€should€beÐ ¼  Ðreversed€as€to€the€defendant,€ProLogis€TrustÔ#†¼‡ù»XXÜ #ÔÔ‡XÜX»¼‡ùÔÐ ¥õ ÐÓTÓÌò òÓ  ÓTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€50„6„225(e)€(1999)€Appeal€as€of€Right;€Judgment€of€the€Circuit€CourtÐ wÇ ÐReversedó óÐ a ± ÐÌòòÓ  ÓÓ  ÓJames€L.€Weatherford,€Sr.J.Ô#†¼‡ù»àXÜw #ÔÔ‡XÜX.¼‡ùÔóó,€delivered€the€opinion€of€the€court,€in€which€òòJoe€H.€Walker,€III,Ð 4"„! ÐSp.J.,óó€and€òòJanice€M.€Holder,€J.óó,€joined.Ð #m" ÐÌJohn€Robert€Cannon,€Jr.,€Memphis,€Tennessee,€for€appellant,€ProLogis€Trust.Ð ï$? $ ÐÌClyde€W.€Keenan,€Memphis,€Tennessee,€for€appellee,€Edwin€R.€Oliver,€Individually€as€next€friendÐ Á&"& Ðof€Edwin€C.€Oliver,€a€minor.Ð ª'ú"' ÐÌÌÓi ÓÓ  Óò òMEMORANDUM€OPINIONó óÔ#†¼‡ù»XXܳ #ÔÔ‡XÜX»¼‡ùÔÐ e*µ%* ÐÌÓ  ÓÔ#†¼‡ù»XXÜÕ #ÔÔ€XÜX»¼‡ùÔà  àProLogis€Trust€is€a€global€company€that€leases,€owns€and€manages€industrial€buildings.€Ð 8,ˆ', ÐThey€have€approximately€45€buildings€in€the€Memphis€„€Shelby€County€area€with€approximatelyÐ !-q(-ýø Ðseven€million€square€feet.€€Ð ° ÐÌà  àAt€the€time€the€employee€was€injured,€Steve€Graves€owned€a€company€called€ABC€RoofingÐ ‚Ò Ðand€Tree€Service.€€The€name€of€his€company€was€later€changed€to€ABC€Repair€because€he€did€notÐ k» Ѐdo€much€tree€work€anymore.€€Mr.€Graves€described€his€work€as€cleaning,€repair,€fix„up€and€paint„Ð T¤ Ðup.€€An€employee€of€ProLogis€described€Gravesðð€work€as€putting€up€sheetrock,€building€some€typeÐ =  Ðof€office,€installing€carpet,€cleaning€up€the€space,€cleaning€€the€windows,€and€pressure€washing€theÐ & v Ðinside€of€a€building€to€get€cobwebs€down.€€Ð  _ ÐÌà  àOn€July€19,€1999,€Plaintiff,€Edwin€C.€Oliver,€called€Defendant,€Steve€Graves,€and€inquiredÐ á 1  Ðabout€summer€work€with€Mr.€Graves.€€Mr.€Oliver€and€Mr.€Graves€had€not€met€before,€but€theyÐ Ê   Ðattended€the€same€church.€€At€this€time,€Mr.€Oliver€was€17€years€of€age.€€Mr.€Graves€instructed€Mr.Ð ³  ÐOliver€to€come€to€a€warehouse€owned€and€operated€by€ProLogis€Trust.€€When€Mr.€Oliver€arrivedÐ œì  Ðat€the€warehouse,€Mr.€Graves€was€not€there.€€Mr.€Oliver€began€to€sweep€floors€in€the€warehouse.Ð …Õ  ÐÌà  àWhen€Mr.€Graves€arrived,€Mr.€Graves€and€Mr.€Oliver€began€to€straighten€concrete€poles.€Ð W§  ÐThe€poles€were€approximately€4€feet€tall€and€12€inches€in€diameter.€€As€a€pole€was€beingÐ @ Ðstraightened,€the€pole€broke€and€struck€Oliverððs€left€foot,€causing€injury€to€his€foot.€€This€injuryÐ )y Ðnecessitated€the€amputation€of€three€toes€and€the€tip€of€the€fourth€toe.Ð b ÐÌà  àAt€the€conclusion€of€the€proof,€the€trial€court€found€that€ProLogis€Trust€and€Steve€GravesÐ ä4 Ðwere€employers€of€Mr.€Oliver€pursuant€to€òòTenn.€Code€Ann.€óóðð€50„6„113.׃×Ý ƒ%ÃÝòòÚ  Ú1Ú  ÚóóÝ  Ý×  ×Ð Í ÐÌà  àThe€trial€court€found€that€Graves€had€an€obligation€to€provide€workersðð€compensationÐ Ÿï Ðcoverage,€which€he€didnððt.€€Further,€the€trial€court€found€that€ProLogis€knew€that€Graves€did€notÐ ˆØ Ðhave€coverage€as€required€under€the€contract€between€ProLogis€and€Graves,€and€allowed€Graves€toÐ qÁ Ðwork€nevertheless.€€The€trial€court€found€that€Mr.€Oliver€suffered€a€disability€of€50€percent€to€theÐ Zª Ðleft€lower€extremity.Ð C“ ÐÌÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€ANALYSISÐ þN ÐÌà  àOur€review€of€the€findings€of€fact€made€by€the€trial€court€is€òòde€novo€óóupon€the€record€of€theÐ Ð!   Ðtrial€court,€accompanied€by€a€presumption€of€correctness,€unless€the€preponderance€of€the€evidenceÐ ¹" ! Ðis€otherwise.€€òòTenn.€Code€Ann.€óóðð€50„6„225(e)(2).€€The€application€of€this€standard€requires€this€CourtÐ ° Ðto€weigh€in€more€depth€the€factual€findings€and€conclusions€of€the€trial€courts€in€workersððÐ ™é Ðcompensation€cases.€€òòSeeóó€òòCorcoran€v.€Foster€Auto€GMC,€€Inc.,€óó746€S.W.2d€452,€456€(Tenn.€1988).Ð ‚Ò ÐConclusions€of€law€are€reviewed€de€novo€without€any€presumption€of€correctness.€€òòIvey€v.€TransÐ k» ÐGlobal€Gas€&€Oil,€óó€3€S.W.3d€441,€446€(Tenn.€1999).Ð T¤ ÐÌà  àThe€only€issue€presented€in€this€case€is€whether€ProLogis€Trust€is€a€principal€contractorÐ & v Ðwithin€the€meaning€of€€òòTenn.€Code€Ann.óó€ðð€50„6„113€and€liable€for€workersðð€compensation€benefitsÐ  _ Ðas€a€statutory€employer.Ð ø H ÐÌà  àOur€courts€have€employed€several€factors€to€be€considered€in€determining€if€the€relationshipÐ Ê   Ðof€statutory€employer„employee€exists€and€no€one€factor€is€necessarily€dispositive:€€1)€right€toÐ ³  Ðcontrol€the€conduct€of€work;€2)€right€of€termination;€3)€method€of€payment;€4)€whether€allegedÐ œì  Ðemployee€furnishes€his€own€helpers;€5)€whether€alleged€employee€furnishes€his€own€tools;€6)Ð …Õ  Ðwhether€one€is€doing€work€for€another;€7)€whether€the€work€being€performed€by€the€contractor€inÐ n¾  Ðquestion€is€the€same€type€of€work€usually€performed€by€the€company€or€is€a€part€of€the€regularÐ W§  Ðbusiness€of€the€company;€8)€whether€Defendant€hired€Plaintiff;€and€9)€whether€Defendant€possessedÐ @ Ðor€exercised€any€control€or€authority€over€how€Plaintiff€was€to€perform€his€work.€€òòSee€óó€òòMurray€v.Ð )y ÐGoodyear€Tire€&€Rubber€Co.,€óó46€S.W.3d€171€(Tenn.€2001);òò€Stratton€v.€United€Inter„MountainÐ b ÐTelephone€Co.,€óó695òò€óóS.W.2d€947€(Tenn.€1985);€òòBarber€v.€Ralston€Purina,€óó€825€S.W.2d€96€(Tenn.€Ct.Ð ûK ÐApp.€1991).òòóóÐ ä4 ÐÌà  àProLogis€Trust€had€5€employees€in€its€Memphis€office€which€consisted€of€a€propertyÐ ¶ Ðmanager,€marketing€officer,€marketing€representative,€administrative€assistant,€and€a€maintenanceÐ Ÿï Ðtechnician.€€ProLogis€Trust€relied€upon€outside€firms€and€companies€to€perform€constructionÐ ˆØ Ðprojects,€maintenance€and€maintaining€of€warehouse€space.€€€Ð qÁ ÐÌà  àThe€record€in€this€case€established€that€ProLogis€Trust€did€not€control€the€conduct€of€GravesððÐ C“ Ðwork,€nor€did€they€have€the€right€to€control€the€day„to„day€activities€of€Graves€or€his€employees.€Ð ,| ÐGraves€set€his€own€hours€for€himself€and€his€employees.€€Graves€also€had€the€right€to€offer€hisÐ e Ðservices€to€others,€without€interference€from€ProLogis€Trust.€Ð þN ÐÌà  àWhen€Graves€would€bid€on€a€job€to€sweep€out€a€warehouse,€it€was€typically€an€area€ofÐ Ð!   Ð20,000€to€40,000€square€feet.€Graves€would€bid€on€jobs€with€ProLogis€Trust.€€After€he€reviewed€theÐ ¹" ! Ðð ðspec€sheet,ðð€he€€would€make€a€bid€and€òòóóand€submit€it€to€ProLogis€Trust€for€their€approval€orÐ ¢#ò" Ðrejection.Ð ‹$Û# Ðà  àÌà  àProLogis€Trust€would€pay€a€set€contract€amount€to€Graves€for€the€work€performed€and€heÐ ]&­!% Ðwas€responsible€for€paying€wages€to€any€employee€he€might€have.€€ProLogis€Trust€never€told€GravesÐ F'–"& Ðwho€to€hire€or€fire€and€if€there€had€been€a€problem€with€an€employee,€this€was€GravesððÐ /(#' Ðresponsibility.€€ProLogis€Trust€did€not€provide€any€tools,€equipment€or€material€on€the€jobs€thatÐ )h$( ÐGraves€had€submitted€a€bid€for€that€were€accepted€by€ProLogis€Trust.Ð *Q%) ÐÌà  àAfter€careful€review€and€consideration€of€the€record,€we€find€that€the€trial€courtððs€finding€thatÐ Ó+#'+ ÐProLogis€Trust€was€the€statutory€employer€of€employee,€€Edwin€C.€Oliver,€is€not€supported€by€theÐ ° Ðevidence.Ð ™é ÐÌ€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€€CONCLUSIONÐ k» ÐÌà  àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€reversed€as€to€ProLogis€Trust.€€Costs€of€this€appeal€areÐ =  Ðtaxed€to€the€appellee,€Edwin€R.€Oliver.Ð & v ÐÌ€€€€€€€€Ð ø H ÐÌÌÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  à___________________________________€Ð …Õ  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àJAMES€L.WEATHERFORD,€SR.J.Ð n¾  ÐÌÐ  @ ÐÔ_ÔÔ‡ X¶åXXXÜÔ€€Ô#†XÜXX X¶å|-#ÔÔ‡X¼‹XXXÜÔÔ#†XÜXXX¼‹À-#ÔÔ‡¼‡ù»XXÜÔà@9 9 ìàIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEEˆÐ ° Ðà@((%ìàAT€JACKSONˆÐ À ÐÔ#†XÜX»¼‡ù.#ÔÌò òÔ‡¼‡ù»XXÜÔÓ  ÓEDWIN€R.€OLIVER,€òòÔ#†XÜX.¼‡ùÃ.#ÔEx€Rel.óó€Ô‡¼‡ù»XXÜÔEDWIN€C.€OLIVER€Ð ¹  Ðv.€PROLOGIS€TRUST,€òòÔ#†XÜX.¼‡ù0/#ÔET€AL.ó óÔ‡¼‡ù»àXÜÔóóÐ Ê ÐÓâ.ÓÌà@yyìàò òÔ#†XÜX»¼‡ù¶/#ÔCircuit€Court€for€Shelby€CountyˆÐ ë ; Ðà@ýýìàNo.€CT„000671„WC„00„DIV€IˆÐ Õ % ÐÌÌà@ìì*ìàßA€V) °°` d€÷E<’` A߈Ð “ã  ÐÌà@Œ Œ ìàNo.€W2003„00670„SC„WCM„CV€„€Filed€August€31,€2004ˆÐ ŒÜ  ÐÌßA€V) °°` dE<_` AßÐ `°  Ðó óÌÌà@//#ìàò òJUDGMENT€ORDERó óˆÐ A‘ ÐÌÔ‡X¶åXXXÜÔà  àThis€case€is€before€the€Court€upon€the€motion€for€review€filed€by€appellant,€Edwin€R.€OliverÐ d Ðex€rel.€Edwin€C.€Oliver,€pursuant€to€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð50-6-225(e)(5)(B),€the€entire€record,Ð ýM Ðincluding€the€order€of€referral€to€the€Special€Workersðð€Compensation€Appeals€Panel,€and€the€PanelððsÐ æ6 ÐMemorandum€Opinion€setting€forth€its€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law.€Ð Ï ÐÌà  àIt€appears€to€the€Court€that€the€motion€for€review€is€not€well„taken€and€is€therefore€denied.€Ð ¡ñ ÐThe€Panelððs€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law,€which€are€incorporated€by€reference,€areÐ ŠÚ Ðadopted€and€affirmed.€€The€decision€of€the€Panel€is€made€the€judgment€of€the€Court.Ð sà ÐÌà  àCosts€are€assessed€to€the€appellee,€Edwin€R.€Oliver€ex€rel€Edwin€C.€Oliver,€and€his€sureties,Ð E• Ðfor€which€execution€may€issue€if€necessary.Ð .~ ÐÔ#†XÜXXX¶å 2#ÔÔ‡ X¶åXXXÜÔÌà  àIt€is€so€ORDERED.Ð  P ÐÌÌà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àà  àPER€CURIAMÐ »" " ÐÌÌHolder,€J.,€not€participatingà@ìì*ìàÔ#†XÜXX X¶å:6#ÔÔ‡ X¶åXXXÜԈРv%Æ % ÐÔ#†XÜXX X¶åU7#ÔÔ‡X¼‹XXXÜÔ€Ô#†XÜXXX¼‹­7#ÔÐ _&¯!& ÐÌ