WPC eUB %UB n0 0r3w@4 0J K    0Tc 0^ 0h 0r} 0| 0k 0 1u AQG 0  0@ 0D 0d D/ B D3 BU6U*UB)DC AM%8f]%v~vf B9 B*V BB<6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiX\  `*Times New RomanTT3|P<6X9`(*Courier 12pt10cpiXXx6X@JQX@\  `*Times New RomanTTXXP\  P6QXP\  `*Times New RomanTTC\  P6QP(JG$XNXXXXGXXXN   ӀDDӀFt#(PP2 0Indent123  ԁLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 52" 0Indent20 23  2, 0Indent30 0 23  26 0Indent40 0 0 23  2@ 0Indent50 0 0 0 23  2J 0Indent60 0 0 0 0 23  2T 0Indent70 0 0 0 0 0 23  2^ 0Indent80 0 0 0 0 0 0 23    ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a) !"#%C<< CLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(f3D$ G!XXXXXmXXX   ("$    ($$   1  P 8Mac DefaultMac Default ` X''' dxdP Pd****'dxd d<  9p`(Courier New<  9p`(Arial% Line 7 d11117Border 1dd "2C << G  !/   !"  00   YYY FILED0X January7,1998CecilCrowson,Jr.0AppellateCourtClerk  \\RA'\  !/   !"  00   YYY FILED0X January7,1998CecilCrowson,Jr.0AppellateCourtClerk PtPtHH(FG(HH(d'`Styl{WP}01  HH  2$HH  Geneva  <Px443!#4$*$$*$ KK  Geneva  Geneva .,6 Geneva   ion-F Geneva  ion-F Geneva  d&0 d d>Thick DoubleK d d ! . /     X   \RA'\ћ ̀ 0INTHESUPREMECOURTOFTENNESSEESPECIALWORKERS'COMPENSATIONPANELATJACKSON   ӜR342A1-j|T`  `@Rߛ  CRAIGWARRINGTON,   )       ) HUMBOLDTCHANCERY Plaintiff/Appellant,   )       ) NO.02S019703CH00024v.      ) (No.:H3585below)      ) EMERSONELECTRICCOMPANY, ) HONORABLEGEORGER.ELLIS,      ) CHANCELLOR Defendant/Appellee.  ) FortheAppellant:      FortheAppellee: HaroldR.Gunn      P.AllenPhillipsAttorneyatLaw      WALDROPANDHALLP.A.P.O.Box444      106SouthLibertyStreetHumboldt,Tennessee38343    P.O.Box726        Jackson,Tennessee38301 @ MEMORANDUMOPINION  @ MembersofPanel @ JusticeJaniceHolder@ SeniorJudgeJohnK.Byers@ SpecialJudgeRobertL.Childers AFFIRMED       CHILDERS,SpecialJudge  Thisworkers'compensationappealhasbeenreferredtotheSpecialWorkers'CompensationAppealsPaneloftheSupremeCourtinaccordancewithT0ENN0X.C0ODE0XA0NN0X.506225(e)(3)forhearingandreportingtotheSupremeCourtoffindingsoffactandconclusionsoflaw. Thetrialcourtgrantedthedefendant's"MotiontoDismiss"findingthattheϜplaintiffhadfailedtocarryhisburdenofproofofcausationbetweentheallegedworkinjuryandthepermanentimpairment.Wefindthattheevidencepreponderatesinfavorofthetrialcourt'sdecisionandweaffirm. Theplaintiffallegedthat"onorabout"October5,1995hesustainedaninjuryϜwhenhetwistedhisneckandback,whilerunningapress.Plaintiffwas42yearsoldatthetimeofthetrial.HeclaimedthathehadnopainorotherproblemswithhisneckandbackpriortobeginningworkonOctober3,1995atEmersonElectricCompany.Atapproximately10:00a.m.onOctober4,1995,plaintiffclaimedthathebeganexperiencingpaininhisneckandshoulderatwhichpointheinformedhissupervisor,JimmyBarber,thathewasinjured.Theplaintiffdidnotreceivemedicalattentionatthattimeandcontinuedtoworktheremainderofhisshiftonthatdayandthenext.OnFriday,October5,1995,plaintiffclaimsthatheleftamessageon"theansweringmachineinthepressroom"thatduetohispainhewouldnotbeatworkandthathewasgoingtoseeadoctor. PlaintifffirstsawDr.Tettleton,achiropractorinHumboldt,onFriday,October5,1995.Dr.Tettletonperformedamanipulationontheplaintifftotemporarilyrelievehispain.ThefollowingMonday,atplaintiff'sbehest,Dr.TettletonarrangedanappointmentwithDr.DirkFranzen,aneurosurgeoninJackson,Tennessee.Dr.Franzenexaminedplaintiffandrecordedhisstatementthathe"hadwokenupaboutaweekagowithacrickinhisneck."Moreimportant,Dr.Franzennotedthatthehistorygiventohimbytheplaintiffmentionednodefiniteincitingeventsandnoinjuries.Dr.FranzensubsequentlyperformedsurgeryontheplaintiffattheC56discwhichimproved,butdidnotresolvethesymptoms.Dr.Franzenassessedplaintiff'simpairmentat11%. Ourreviewisdenovoontherecordaccompaniedbyapresumptionthatthefindingsoffactmadebythetrialcourtarecorrectunlesstheevidencepreponderatesotherwise.T0ENN0XԀC0ODE0XԀA0NN0X.506225(e).Theplaintiffinaworkers'compensationsuithastheburdenofprovingeveryelementofhiscasebyapreponderanceoftheevidence.Elmorev.TravelersIns.Co.,824S.W.2d541,543(Tenn.1992);Rainesv.ShelbyWilliamsIndus.,814S.W.2d346(Tenn.1991).Furthermore,causationandpermanencyofaworkrelatedinjurymustbeshowninmostcasesbyexpertmedicalevidence.Raines,814S.W.2dat349;Tindallv.WaringParkAssoc.,725S.W.2d935,937(Tenn.1987);Osbornev.BurlingtonIndus.,672S.W.2d757(Tenn.1984);Floydv.TennesseeDickelDistillingCo.,225Tenn.65,463S.W.2d684(1971). Themedicalevidencepresentedbytheplaintiffinthiscasedoesnotpreponderateagainstthedecisionofthetrialcourt.Tothecontrary,Dr.Franzen'srecordrevealsthatthehistoryprovidedbyMr.Warringtonmentionednodefiniteincitingeventsorinjury.TheplaintiffcontendsthathisnoticeofinjurytohissupervisoronOctober4,1994wassufficienttoprovecausation.However,laytestimonyisasufficientalternativetomedicalevidencetoestablishcausationonlywhencausationisϜ"obvious.𛀀Simpsonv.Satterfield,564S.W.2d953,956(Tenn.1978);seealso,MagnavoxCo.v.Shepard,214Tenn.321,379S.W.2d791(1964).Basedupontheevidenceintherecord,thelaytestimonyoftheplaintiffisinsufficienttocarrytheburdenofestablishingcausation. Wefindthattheevidenceintherecorddoesnotpreponderateagainstthetrialcourt'sdismissalforfailuretoprovecausation.Therefore,thejudgmentofthetrialcourtisaffirmed.Thecostofthisappealisassessedtotheplaintiff/appellant.                     RobertL.Childers,SpecialJudge ӀCONCUR:̀JaniceM.Holder,Justice򀀀JohnK.Byers,SeniorJudge̜       `  5ǜ@ 0INTHESUPREMECOURTOFTENNESSEE@ ATJACKSON0Xԛ#` pX L X#ӜCRAIGWARRINGTON,  ) HUMBOLDTCHANCERY#` p` L X# ) NO.H3585` p` X Plaintiff/Appellant, ) #` p` L X#  ) Hon.GeorgeR.Ellis,vs.  ) Chancellor̜J36;+'b|T`  `@Jߛ  )EMERSONELECTRICCOMPANY, ) NO.02S019703CH00024  ) Defendant/Appellee. ) AFFIRMED.@ 0JUDGMENTORDER0Xԛ  Ӝ` p`  X ThiscaseisbeforetheCourtupontheentirerecord,includingtheorderofreferraltotheSpecialWorkers'CompensationAppealsPanel,andthePanel'sMemorandumOpinionsettingforthitsfindingsoffactandconclusionsoflaw,whichareincorporatedhereinbyreference. Whereupon,itappearstotheCourtthattheMemorandumOpinionofthePanelshouldbeacceptedandapproved;and Itis,therefore,orderedthatthePanel'sfindingsoffactandconclusionsoflawareadoptedandaffirmed,andthedecisionofthePanelismadethejudgmentoftheCourt. CostswillbepaidbyAppellant,andsurety,forwhichexecutionmayissueifnecessary. ITISSOORDEREDthis7thdayofJanuary,1998.        PERCURIAM(Holder,J.,notparticipating)̜