ÿWPC”! 9# .UN9 %‡ 0ûU:ˆ4ÂÖ åëw@ó 0?3 0Dr ƶ Æ| ÆB Æ 0JÎ 0T 0^l 0hÊ 0r2 0|¤ 0†  0¦ 1u6 AQ«Æü 0 0@Ù 0D B] D/z 0d© B  D3*U>]U *›U*ÅB)ïDC AM[Ó¨È{v~CvÓÁ˜HP LaserJet 4SiHPPCL5MS,ü,,,,,ü0nLhÎ(ÈhH  Z ‹6Times New Roman RegularX(ÓH=$¡¡Ñ  ÑÒH°ÒÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal[  AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ Legal AØ'ÿ LegalTÑÔ€XÎ_XXXÔÑ7€¾úXXdðXXdð7Ñ, øð AZ‹"Arial RegularWX$3|x¶@H —@ U˜@U™@Uš@!e›@Ó€§@¨@V©@îª@Ó€¶@(ï(3{$¤¤Ý ƒH=!ÝÑ  ÑÒH°ÒÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€X¿XXXÔÑ7€¥FXXdìdì7ÑÝ  Ýà ` àòòÚ  Ú0Ú  Úóó(#Ã$òòÚ  Ú0Ú  ÚóóLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5‚Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5„Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5…Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 52 ÿÿ0Indent1Ô2ÔÔ3  Ô2" ÿÿ0Indent2à0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2, ÿÿ0Indent3à0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô26 ÿÿ0Indent4à0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2@ ÿÿ0Indent5à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2J ÿÿ0Indent6à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2T ÿÿ0Indent7à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô2^ ÿÿ0Indent8à0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àà0 àÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô ÿÿ?AGMSYaioIndent0I.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a) !"#%Cþÿ<< CÿÿƒLevel 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5(ï3º›$¢¢Ý ƒH=!ÝÑ  ÑÒH°ÒÒ°ÒÑTR[  AØ'ÿ Legal3Ø' AØ'ÿ Legalÿ3Ø'TÑÔ€X¿XXXÔÑ7€¥FXXdìdì7ÑÝ  Ý("ÿÿ$££Ò  ÒÒ  Ò($$””ò òÚ  Ú1Ú  Úó ó d'''÷ÿ dxdP ÿÿ8Mac DefaultMac DefaultÓ ` °šXÓüÿP Pd$$$$'ÿÿdxd< Œ 9p`(&Times New Roman< Œ 9p`(Arial< Œ 9p`(Times% Line 7 d22227Border 1dd "3Cþÿ << Gÿÿ ÉÝ ƒ!ÝÑ  ÑÑ#€d#ÑÔ€/ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ H ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€0ÔÑ#€d#ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ!"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€0ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€0XÔÌÌò òJuneÏ29,Ï1998ÌÌCecilÏCrowson,ÏJr.ÌÔ€0ôÔAppellateÏCourtÏClerkó ó ¾Ý ƒ!ÝÑ#€d#ÑÔ€/ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ H ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€0ÔÑ#€d#ÑÝ  ÝÝ ƒ!"ÝÝ  ÝÔ€0ÔÓ  ÓÔ YYY ÔFILEDÔ€0XÔÌÌò òJuneÏ29,Ï1998ÌÌCecilÏCrowson,ÏJr.ÌÔ€0ôÔAppellateÏCourtÏClerkó óPtPtHHØ(ÿáÿâùFG(üHHØ(d'`Styl{WP}01•ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃà Ãà Ãà Ãà Ãà ÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÃÐ ÐÐHHÐÐ  ÐÐ2ÐÐÿÿ¸æ$ÿÐÐHHÐÐÐÐÐÐÐÐ  ÐÐ ÐÐ ÐÑÑÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÑ € ÑÑ<Px–ÈÑÒÒÒ443!#4ÒÒ$ *$ÒÒ$*$ÒÒ ÿKK ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÒ  Geneva ÒÓ.,ÓÓÓÓ6ÓÓ ÓßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßßÑGenevaÑÑ ÑÒ  ellan Geneva ÒÒ  ellan Geneva ÒÝ ƒ!ÝÔ . ÔÔ€/ÔÑ  ÑÒ  ÒÒ H ÒÑ\R AØ'\ÑÔ€0ÔÑ#€11Xd#ÑÑ#€11Xd#ÑÝ  ÝÑ  ÑÓ  ÓÑ À ÑÑ X Ñò ò›œ›Þ ÞÌ€Ìó óà@ àò òIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEEÌÙ€ ÙœßR€453A1-j|е` ‚- `€€@ÿRß›à@ àSPECIAL€WORKERS'€COMPENSATION€APPEALS€PANELÌà@ àAT€JACKSONó óÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌÌÌÌÌVICTOR€A.€WYNN,à àà àà àà à)Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌà àPlaintiff/Appelleeà àà àà à)à àSHELBY€CIRCUITà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌv.à àà àà àà àà àà à)à àNO.€€02S01„9711„CV„00099Ìà àà àà àà àà àà à)à àÌPERMA„FIX€and€THE€TRAVELERSà à)à àHON.€JOHN€R.€McCARROLL,€ÌINSURANCE€COMPANY,à à€à àà à)à àJUDGEÌà àà àà àà àà àà à)Ìà àDefendants/Appellantsà àà à)ÌÌÌÌÌÌÌò òòòÌFor€the€Appellant:à àà àà àà àFor€the€Appellee:ÌÌóóó óJohn€W.€Leachà àà àà àà àRichard€L.€RikardÌ80€Monroe€Avenue,€Suite€500à àà à6055€Primacy€Parkway,€Suite€115ÌMemphis,€TN€€38103à àà àà àMemphis,€TN€€38119„5761ò òòòÌóóó óÌÌÌÓ  Óò òòòÌÌÌÌM€E€M€O€R€A€N€D€U€M€€€€O€P€I€N€I€O€Nóóó óÌÌò òòòMembers€of€Panel:ÌÌó óóóJustice€Janice€HolderÌSenior€Judge€John€K.€ByersÌSpecial€Judge€J.€Steven€StaffordÌÓ  ÓÌÌÌÌÌÔ% € ÔÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌAFFIRMEDà àà àà àà àà àà àà àBYERS,€Senior€JudgeÌÌÓ  ÓÓÓòòò òOPINIONó óóóÌÓ  Óà àThis€workers'€compensation€appeal€has€been€referred€to€the€SpecialÏWorkers'€Compensation€Appeals€Panel€of€the€Supreme€Court€in€accordance€withÏTenn.€Code€Ann.€ðð€50„6„225(e)(3)€for€hearing€and€reporting€to€the€Supreme€CourtÏof€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€of€law.€Ìà àReview€of€the€findings€of€fact€made€by€the€trial€court€is€òòde€novoóó€upon€theÏrecord€of€the€trial€court,€accompanied€by€a€presumption€of€the€correctness€of€theÏfindings,€unless€the€preponderance€of€the€evidence€is€otherwise.€€Tenn.€Code€Ann.€Ïðð€50„6„225(e)(2);€òòStone€v.€City€of€McMinnville,€óó896€S.W.2d€548,€550€(Tenn.€1995).€ÌThe€application€of€this€standard€requires€this€Court€to€weigh€in€more€depth€theÏfactual€findings€and€conclusions€of€the€trial€court€in€a€workersðð€compensation€case.€ÏòòSee€Corcoran€v.€Foster€Auto€GMC,€Inc.,€óó746€S.W.2d€452,€456€(Tenn.€1988).Ìà àThe€trial€court€found€the€plaintiff€suffered€from€a€heart€attack€and€resultingÏdisablement€which€arose€out€of€and€in€the€course€and€scope€of€his€employment€withÏthe€defendant.€€Further,€the€trial€court€found€the€plaintiff€was€totally€and€permanentlyÏdisabled€as€a€result€of€this€work€injury.Ìò òòòà àó óóóThe€defendants€appeal€and€present€the€following€issue:ÌÒ ` ÒÒ H ÒÓÓð ðI.à àThe€issue€for€determination€of€this€Court€is€whether€or€not€theÏevidence€in€this€cause€preponderates€against€the€findings€of€the€trial€courtÏthat€Plaintiff€sustained€an€injury€arising€out€of€and€in€the€course€and€scope€ofÏhis€employment€resulting€in€a€permanent€and€total€disability.ððÌÌÒ  ÒÒ H ÒÓÓà àThe€judgment€of€the€trial€court€is€affirmed.Ìà àThe€evidence€in€this€case€was€presented€by€the€plaintiff,€who€testified€inÏperson,€and€three€other€witnesses€who€testified€likewise.€€These€other€witnessesÏwere€the€plaintiffððs€wife€and€Pat€Townsend€and€Claude€Hunt,€both€co„workers€whoÏtestified€that€the€plaintiff€suffered€pain€in€his€chest€on€September€20,€1994€while€atÏwork.€€The€plaintiff€also€presented€the€depositions€of€Dr.€Bennett€Rudorfer€and€Dr.ÏGrady€L.€Saxton.Ìà àThe€defendantððs€proof€consisted€of€the€deposition€of€Patricio€A.€Ilabaca€andÏthe€testimony€of€Tammy€Boggs,€whose€official€capacity€with€the€defendant€is€notÏshown.€€Boggs€introduced€a€packet€of€medical€records€from€the€plaintiffððs€personnelÏfile.€€The€thrust€of€this€was€to€show,€apparently,€that€the€plaintiff€had€a€preexistingÏheart€condition.Ìà àFrom€all€of€this,€we€find€the€following€facts€and€medical€evidence.ÌÌÓ  Óò òFACTSó óÌÓ  Óà àThe€plaintiff€is€a€person€of€limited€education.€€He€has€been€employed€byÏPerma„Fix€since€the€1980s€doing€general€labor.€€On€September€20,€1994,€theÏplaintiff,€then€age€41,€was€working€with€toxic€waste€disposal.€€In€this€capacity,€heÏwas€required€to€toss€55€gallon€drums€(some€empty,€some€with€solid€residue)€intoÏthe€rear€of€a€trailer.€€This€was€described€as€an€extremely€strenuous€job.Ìà àOn€this€night,€the€plaintiff€began€his€shift€at€3:00€p.m.€(he€was€assigned€theÏnight€shift€because€he€suffered€from€heat€cramps€and€exhaustion€when€he€workedÏduring€the€day).€€The€crew€was€shorthanded€on€this€night€and€the€plaintiff€had€to€doÏmore€than€a€one€person€job.€€He€testified€he€began€experiencing€chest€painsÏsometime€after€7:30€p.m.€on€that€night.€€The€plaintiff€continued€to€work€until€9:00Ïp.m.,€at€which€time€he€said€he€felt€like€his€chest€was€about€to€ð ðtear€openðð€and€hisÏarm€was€numb.€€At€this€time,€he€laid€down€in€the€break€room€and€left€work€aroundÏmidnight.€€A€co„worker€and€supervisor€both€testified€they€witnessed€the€plaintiffððsÏpain€on€this€night.€€Ìà àWhen€he€reached€his€house€that€night,€the€plaintiff€blew€his€horn€for€his€wifeÏto€help€him€inside.€€He€was€not€able€to€sleep€because€of€the€pain.€€The€nextÏmorning,€the€plaintiffððs€wife€took€him€to€see€Dr.€Walker,€his€primary€care€physician.€ÏAt€this€time,€the€plaintiff€gave€Dr.€Walker€a€history€of€having€occasional€sharp€chestÏpain€for€the€past€six€weeks€with€sweating€and€shortness€of€breath€(typically€afterÏwalking),€but€he€complained€of€very€sharp€chest€pain€on€that€day.€€He€also€told€Dr.ÏWalker€that€he€had€not€been€taking€his€hypertension€medication€for€the€past€fewÏmonths.Ìà àThe€plaintiff€testified€he€had€never€felt€chest€pains€like€the€ones€heÏexperienced€on€September€20,€1994.€€He€further€said€he€had€experienced€chestÏpains€in€the€past,€but€he€believed€these€were€heat€cramps.€€The€plaintiff€has€notÏbeen€back€to€work€since€September€20,€1994€and€has€not€been€released€fromÏdoctorððs€care.€€The€plaintiff€underwent€bypass€surgery€in€October€1994€and€aÏsecond€bypass€surgery€in€March€1996.€€He€had€an€emergency€heart€catheterizationÏin€October€1996.€€The€plaintiff€still€experiences€chest€pain€and€has€beenÏhospitalized€several€times.€€€€ÌÓ  Óò òÌÌMEDICAL€EVIDENCEó óÌÓ  Óà àDr.€Walker,€the€plaintiffððs€primary€care€physician,€saw€him€on€September€21,Ï1994.€€He€injected€the€plaintiff€with€Toradol,€gave€him€nitroglycerin€tablets,€andÏstarted€him€on€other€medication.€€Dr.€Walker€arranged€for€the€plaintiff€to€undergo€anÏE.K.G.€later€that€day€and€it€revealed€that€he€had€sustained€a€heart€attack.€€Dr.€WalkerÏtold€the€plaintiff€to€stay€off€work€until€he€could€see€Dr.€Jan€Garrison,€a€cardiologist.€ÏDr.€Garrison€saw€the€plaintiff€and€observed€that€his€hypertension€was€ð ðpoorlyÏcontrolled€with€patient€off€his€medications.ðð€€Dr.€Garrison€referred€the€plaintiff€to€Dr.ÏPatricio€A.€Ilabaca,€a€thoracic€and€vascular€surgeon.Ìà àDr.€Ilabaca€testified€by€deposition.€€On€October€19,€1994,€Dr.€IlabacaÏperformed€a€quintuple€bypass€surgery€on€the€plaintiff€and€released€him€six€weeksÏlater.€€Dr.€Ilabara€testified€the€plaintiffððs€first€surgery€was€necessitated€byÏobstructions€in€his€heart€and€the€fact€that€he€had€sustained€a€heart€attack.€€In€MarchÏ1996,€he€performed€a€triple€bypass€surgery€on€the€plaintiff€and€again€released€himÏsix€weeks€later.€€At€this€time,€Dr.€Ilabaca€released€him€to€return€to€work€withoutÏrestrictions.Ìà àDr.€Ilabaca€testified€there€is€no€way€to€tell€when€the€plaintiff€sustained€theÏheart€attack€by€looking€at€the€E.K.G.€unless€you€can€compare€it€to€an€earlier€E.K.G.€ÏDr.€Ilabaca€did€believe€the€plaintiffððs€heart€attack€occurred€at€least€10€to€14€daysÏprior€to€September€21,€1994,€the€date€the€E.K.G.€was€done€on€the€plaintiff.€€Dr.ÏIlabaca€stated€the€plaintiff€had€significant€preexisting€risk€factors€for€coronary€arteryÏdisease€such€as€hypertension,€hyper€cholesterolemia,€obesity,€and€being€male.€€HeÏhad€no€opinion€on€the€cause€of€the€plaintiffððs€heart€attack,€but€he€agreed€that€aÍperson€with€coronary€artery€disease€who€does€heavy€physical€labor€will€have€anÏincreased€likelihood€of€having€a€heart€attack.€€Dr.€Ilabaca€did€not€find€permanentÏinability€to€work.Ìà àDr.€Grady€L.€Saxton,€a€cardiologist,€testified€by€deposition.€€Dr.€Saxton€firstÏsaw€the€plaintiff€in€August€1995€when€chest€pains€were€radiating€into€his€arm.€€HeÏperformed€a€catheterization€which€indicated€severe€coronary€artery€disease€withÏsevere€left€ventricular€dysfunction.€€Dr.€Saxton€testified€you€can€only€estimate€theÏage€of€a€heart€attack€from€an€E.K.G.€with€60€percent€reliability.€€He€opined€the€mostÏlikely€time€of€the€plaintiffððs€heart€attack€was€September€20,€1994€because€of€hisÏwork€activities.€€Dr.€Saxton€believed€the€plaintiffððs€first€heart€attack€compromised€hisÏcondition€and€increased€the€likelihood€of€a€second€heart€attack.€€He€further€testifiedÏthe€plaintiff€could€only€engage€in€work€that€is€sedentary€so€that€he€could€rest€whenÏhe€had€chest€pain.€€Ìà àDr.€Bennett€Rudorfer,€a€cardiologist,€testified€by€deposition.€€Dr.€RudorferÏtestified€E.K.G.€testing€can€determine€the€age€of€a€heart€attack€with€significantÏreliability€except€in€cases€of€acute€changes.€€He€opined€the€plaintiff€most€likelyÏsustained€the€heart€attack€on€September€20,€1994€due€to€his€work€activities€andÏbelieved€the€plaintiff€possibly€could€have€avoided€the€heart€attack€if€he€hadÏrefrained€from€working.€€He€stated€the€plaintiff€had€permanent€impairment€due€to€hisÏcondition€of€severe€coronary€artery€disease€with€extensive€bypass€surgery.€€Dr.ÏRudorfer€testified€someone€with€a€history€of€having€a€heart€attack€is€at€major€risk€toÏhave€a€subsequent€one.€€Dr.€Rudorfer€was€of€the€opinion€the€plaintiff€suffered€ð ðquiteÏsevereðð€permanent€impairment€as€a€result€of€the€heart€attack.€òòò òÌó óóóà àThe€evidence€in€this€case€shows€with€little€contradiction€that€the€plaintiffÏsuffered€a€cardiac€episode€on€September€20,€1994€while€working€for€the€defendant.€ÏThe€medical€evidence€shows€this€to€be€a€heart€attack.Ìà àIt€is€clear€also€that€the€plaintiff€had€a€preexisting€underlying€condition€thatÏpre„disposed€him€to€have€a€heart€attack€while€exerting€himself,€which€he€was€doingÏat€the€time€he€experienced€the€pain€he€described.Ìà àThe€evidence€in€this€case€shows€that€the€plaintiff,€even€if€he€had€a€preexistingÏcondition,€aggravated€the€condition€and€that€the€heart€attack€was€precipitated€by€theÏwork€he€was€doing€for€the€defendant€at€the€time.Ìà àThe€lay€testimony,€accredited€by€the€trial€judge,€and€the€medical€testimonyÏsupport€the€finding€of€the€trial€judge€that€the€plaintiff€suffered€a€heart€attack€in€theÏcourse€of€his€employment€and€that€he€is€permanently€totally€disabled.Ìà àWe€affirm€the€judgment€and€tax€the€cost€of€this€appeal€to€the€defendant.€€à àÌÓÓÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà à_____________________________Ìà àà àà àà àà àà àJohn€K.€Byers,€Senior€JudgeÌÌCONCUR:ÌÌÌÌ________________________________ÌJanice€Holder,€JusticeÌÌÌÌ________________________________ÌJ.€Steven€Stafford,€Special€Judge€œÇÑ ` Ñà@ àÔ€0¼ÔIN€THE€SUPREME€COURT€OF€TENNESSEEÌÌà@ àAT€JACKSONÔ€0XÔÌÌÌÓ#` Ü…X^ŠÐ X#ÓVICTOR€A.€WYNN,à àà àà à)à àSHELBY€CIRCUITÌÓ#` Ü` ^ŠÐ X#Óà à)à àNO.€72753€T.D.ÌÓ#` Ü` ¸ ^ŠÐ X#Óà àPlaintiff/Appellee,à à)à àÌà àà à)à àHon.€John€R.€McCarroll,Ìvs.à àà à)à àJudgeÌà àà à)ÌPERMA„FIX€and€THE€TRAVELERSà à)à àNO.€02S01„9711„CV„00099ÌßJ€46;+'b|}â` ‚- `€@ÿJßINSURANCE€COMPANY,à à)Ìà àà à)Ìà àDefendants/Appellants.à à)à àAFFIRMED.ÌÌÌÌà@ àÔ€0¼ÔJUDGMENT€ORDERÔ€0XÔÌÌÓ  ÓÓÓÌÓ` p`  ’XÓà àThis€case€is€before€the€Court€upon€the€entire€record,€including€theÏorder€of€referral€to€the€Special€Workers'€Compensation€Appeals€Panel,€and€theÏPanel's€Memorandum€Opinion€setting€forth€its€findings€of€fact€and€conclusions€ofÏlaw,€which€are€incorporated€herein€by€reference.Ìà àWhereupon,€it€appears€to€the€Court€that€the€Memorandum€Opinion€ofÏthe€Panel€should€be€accepted€and€approved;€andÌà àIt€is,€therefore,€ordered€that€the€Panel's€findings€of€fact€andÏconclusions€of€law€are€adopted€and€affirmed,€and€the€decision€of€the€Panel€is€madeÏthe€judgment€of€the€Court.Ìà àCosts€will€be€paid€by€Appellants,€and€Surety,€for€which€execution€mayÏissue€if€necessary.Ìà àIT€IS€SO€ORDERED€this€29th€day€of€June,€1998.ÌÌà àà àà àà àà àà àà àà àPER€CURIAMÌ(Holder,€J.,€not€participating)ÌÌÌÌ›